Mar 5:
Pennsylvania is one of the worst states attacking doctors for money.  A hero, Neil Anand, MD, is being prosecuted by rogue DOJ in PA. Doctorsofcourage.org has explained the truth about drugs for 8 years, and yet nothing has been done to stop these attacks. End this or get fired.

A hero, Neil Anand, MD, is being prosecuted by rogue DOJ in PA for money. Doctorsofcourage.org has explained the truth about drugs for 8 years, and yet nothing has been done to stop these attacks. Make the War on Drugs fraud a platform and win the government back.

Mar 5:

Your state and your boss has been one of the worst in the country to illegally attack doctors for money.  This has got to stop.  Doctorsofcourage.org has explained the REAL Cause of drug misuse and addiction to anything to Congress for years, and yet you do nothing.  Now you are causing problems with our neighbors, completely ignoring the truth. Hopefully, as the Democratic Party now has a purpose to learn and understand, they will create change.

Meanwhile, an American hero, Neil Anand, MD, is the next victim in the War on Pain Doctors and the extermination of the “undesirable” populations in your state. He was attacked during the first Trump administration, and is just now going to trial after years of the rogue DOJ creating a crime where one never existed, misusing fake algorithms and propaganda against doctors and drugs.

I hope your constituents learn the truth and save the life of an American hero since you have done nothing to stop this.

There is a real easy way to get our country back. Will you do it?  Doctorsofcourage.org has told you the truth about the REAL cause of drug misuse and addiction to anything for years, and you’ve ignored it.  Now the fake propaganda is even ruining our relationship with our neighbors and the world.

In addition to that, an American hero, Neil Anand, MD, had his life destroyed by the rogue DOJ, starting in 2019, and now is finally having his trial in Philadelphia. The out-of-control DOJ uses perjury, propaganda, and now, fake algorithms to create a case against a doctor. This is just as much on your head as the Republicans, due to the refusal to learn and act on the truth.

The Democratic Party should learn the truth and make this the #1 point of their platform to get America back. Hopefully your constituents will learn and stop putting innocent doctors in prison.

H.J.Res.14 – Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to repeal the sixteenth article of amendment.

Summary: This joint resolution proposes a constitutional amendment repealing the Sixteenth Amendment to the Constitution. The Sixteenth Amendment to the Constitution, ratified in 1913, specifies that Congress may collect federal income taxes.

JOINT RESOLUTION

Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to repeal the sixteenth article of amendment.

Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled (two-thirds of each House concurring therein),

section 1. That the following article is proposed as an amendment to the Constitution of the United States, which shall be valid to all intents and purposes as part of the Constitution when ratified by the legislatures of three-fourths of the several States within seven years after the date of its submission for ratification:

“article —

“ section 1. The sixteenth article of amendment to the Constitution of the United States is hereby repealed, and the Congress shall have no power to lay and collect taxes on incomes, from whatever source derived, except in time of war declared by the Congress.

“ section 2. Section 1 of this article shall take effect beginning 2 years after ratification of this article. Not later than 180 days after such ratification, the Secretary of the Treasury shall submit a report to the Congress containing recommendations for any legislation that may be necessary to implement this article.”.

H.R.52 – Stop Woke Investing Act

Summary: This bill requires the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) to amend regulations to limit the inclusion of shareholder proposals in proxy statements. A proxy statement is provided to shareholders prior to a public company holding a shareholder meeting and contains information relevant to a shareholder vote. Under current SEC rules, certain qualifying shareholder proposals must be included on a company’s proxy statement, including proposals that raise significant social policy issues.

Under the bill, a shareholder proposal must have a material effect on the financial performance of the company to be included in a proxy statement. The bill also establishes a cap on the number of shareholder proposals required to be included in a shareholder meeting, depending on the size and type of the company. In addition, a proposal submitted by a member of the board of directors is prohibited from inclusion as a shareholder proposal.

SEC. 2. Shareholder proposals.

(a) Definitions.—In this section:

(1) ACCELERATED FILER; LARGE ACCELERATED FILER.—The terms “accelerated filer” and “large accelerated filer” have the meanings given the terms in section 240.12b–2 of title 17, Code of Federal Regulations, or any successor regulation.

(2) COMMISSION.—The term “Commission” means the Securities and Exchange Commission.

(3) MATERIAL.—The term “material”, when used to qualify a financial risk or financial return—

(A) means a financial risk or financial return in which there is a substantial likelihood that a reasonable investor would attach importance when—

(i) evaluating the potential financial risks or returns of an existing or prospective investment; or

(ii) exercising, or declining to exercise, any rights with respect to securities; and

(B) does not include—

(i) furthering nonpecuniary, environmental, social, political, ideological, or other goals or objectives; or

(ii) any portion of a financial risk or financial return that primarily relates to events that—

(I) involve a high degree of uncertainty regarding what may occur in the long-term future; and

(II) are systemic, general, or not investment-specific in nature.

(4) NON-ACCELERATED FILER.—The term “non-accelerated filer” means an issuer that is not an accelerated filer or a large accelerated filer.

(b) Amendments required.—Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Commission shall amend section 240.14a–8 of title 17, Code of Federal Regulations, or any successor regulation, to provide that the shareholder proposals that a company includes on the proxy card of the company, and includes along with any supporting statement in the proxy statement of the company, shall be determined in accordance with the following:

(1) A company shall determine the proposals to include with respect to any 1 annual or special meeting of shareholders as follows:

(A) Subject to paragraph (2), if the company is a non-accelerated filer, the company shall not be required to include more than 2 proposals submitted by shareholders.

(B) Subject to paragraph (2), if the company is an accelerated filer, the company shall not be required to include more than 4 proposals submitted by shareholders.

(C) Subject to paragraph (2), if the company is a large accelerated filer, the company shall not be required to include more than 7 proposals submitted by shareholders.

(2) A proposal may not be included under paragraph (1) unless the proposal has a material effect on the financial performance of the applicable company.

(3) The method for determining which proposals to include under subparagraphs (A), (B), and (C) of paragraph (1) shall be—

(A) determined by the company; and

(B) disclosed to the Commission.

(4) The order in which the company receives the proposals shall have no bearing in determining whether a proposal is so included.

(5) If any 2 or more proposals submitted are substantially similar, all such proposals shall be considered to be a single proposal for the purposes of this subsection.

(6) No proposal submitted by a member of the board of directors of the company may be so included.

(c) Rules of construction.—Nothing in this section may be construed—

(1) to require a company to include a shareholder proposal in the proxy statement of the company if, under rules prescribed by the Commission, the proposal otherwise is not required to be included in the proxy statement;

(2) to authorize or approve any Commission rule or claim of authority to require a company to include the proposal of a shareholder in the proxy statement of the company; or

(3) to restrict the ability of the Commission to repeal any rule requiring a company to include the proposal of a shareholder in the proxy statement of the company.

H.R.54 – WHO Withdrawal Act

SEC. 2. Withdrawal of United States from the Constitution of the World Health Organization; prohibition on use of funds.

Effective on the date of the enactment of this Act—

(1) the President shall withdraw the United States from the Constitution of the World Health Organization (62 Stat. 2679; 14 U.N.T.S 186); and

(2) no funds available to any Federal department or agency may used to provide for the participation of the United States in the World Health Organization or any successor organization.

SEC. 3. Repeal of the Act of June 14, 1948.

The Act of June 14, 1948 (Public Law 806–43; 62 Stat. 441; 22 U.S.C. 290 et seq.), providing for membership and participation by the United States in the World Health Organization and authorizing an appropriation therefor, is repealed.

H.R.62 – WILLIS Act or “Withholding Investments from Lawless Litigators In States Act”

To prohibit Federal funds from being awarded or otherwise made available to the Fulton County District Attorney’s Office.

SEC. 2. Prohibition on Federal funding with respect to Fulton County District Attorney.

(a) Prohibition on Federal funding.—Notwithstanding any other provision of law, no Federal funds may be awarded or otherwise made available to the Fulton County District Attorney’s Office.

(b) Rescission and repayment of Federal funding.—The unobligated balances of all amounts allocated for or otherwise made available to the Fulton County District Attorney’s Office is hereby rescinded, and the Attorney General shall take such steps as may be necessary and practicable to require the Fulton County District Attorney’s Office to reimburse the Federal Government for all amounts expended for such Office after the date of January 1, 2021.

H.R.63 – ALVIN Act  Accountability for Lawless Violence In our Neighborhoods Act or the ALVIN Act

To prohibit Federal funds from being awarded or otherwise made available to the Manhattan District Attorney’s Office.

SEC. 2. Prohibition on Federal funding with respect to Manhattan District Attorney.

(a) Prohibition on Federal funding.—Notwithstanding any other provision of law, no Federal funds may be awarded or otherwise made available to the Manhattan District Attorney’s Office.

(b) Recision and repayment of Federal funding.—The unobligated balances of all amounts allocated for or otherwise made available to the Manhattan District Attorney’s Office is hereby rescinded, and the Attorney General shall take such steps as may be necessary and practicable to require the Manhattan District Attorney’s Office to reimburse the Federal Government for all amounts expended for such Office after the date of January 1, 2022.

H.R.75 – HOUSE Act of 2025

SEC. 2. Energy efficiency standards for housing.

(a) In general.—The Secretary of Housing and Urban Development and the Secretary of Agriculture—

(1) shall withdraw the final determination announced in the notice of final determination entitled “Adoption of Energy Efficiency Standards for New Construction of HUD- and USDA-Financed Housing” (89 Fed. Reg. 33112);

(2) may not take any action or use any Federal funds to implement or enforce the final determination described in paragraph (1) or any substantially similar final determination; and

(3) shall revert energy efficiency standards for covered programs under such final determination to the energy efficiency standards required before such final determination.

(b) Action by additional agencies.—

(1) DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS.—The Secretary of Veterans Affairs may not take any action or use any Federal funds to implement or enforce a final determination that is substantially similar to the final determination described in subsection (a)(1).

(2) FEDERAL HOUSING FINANCE AGENCY.—Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the Director of the Federal Housing Finance Agency may not finalize, implement, or enforce a determination or rule relating to energy efficiency standards for single and multifamily housing.

(c) Consideration of State standards.—Section 109(d) of the Cranston-Gonzalez National Affordable Housing Act (42 U.S.C. 12709(d)) is amended—

(1) in paragraph (1), by striking “and” at the end;

(2) in paragraph (2), by striking the period at the end and inserting “; and”; and

(3) by adding at the end the following:

“(3) not less than 26 States have adopted an energy efficiency code or standard that meets or exceeds the requirements of the revised code or standard.”.

H.R.77 – Midnight Rules Relief Act

Summary: This bill allows Congress to disapprove multiple regulations under one joint resolution of disapproval if the regulations were submitted for review during a portion of the final year of a President’s term.

Under current law, the Congressional Review Act generally provides for a period of additional review during the succeeding Congress for regulations that were submitted during the last 60 legislative days of the prior Congress. However, each joint resolution may disapprove of only one regulation.

SEC. 2. En bloc consideration of resolutions of disapproval pertaining to “midnight rules”.

(a) In general.—Section 801(d) of title 5, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:

“(4) In applying section 802 to rules described under paragraph (1), a joint resolution of disapproval may contain one or more such rules if the report under subsection (a)(1)(A) for each such rule was submitted during the final year of a President’s term.”.

(b) Text of resolving clause.—Section 802(a) of title 5, United States Code, is amended—

(1) by inserting after “resolving clause of which is” the following: “(except as otherwise provided in this subsection)”; and

(2) by adding at the end the following: “In the case of a joint resolution under section 801(d)(4), the matter after the resolving clause of such resolution shall be as follows: ‘That Congress disapproves the following rules: the rule submitted by the __ relating to __; and the rule submitted by the __ relating to __. Such rules shall have no force or effect.’ (The blank spaces being appropriately filled in and additional clauses describing additional rules to be included as necessary).”.

Passed the House of Representatives February 12, 2025.

H.R.117 – Fourth Amendment Restoration Act

To repeal the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act.

SEC. 2. Repeal of foreign surveillance authorities.

The Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978 (50 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) is repealed.

SEC. 3. Definitions.

For the purposes of this Act—

(a) Pen register and trap and trace device.—The terms “pen register” and “trap and trace device” have the meanings given such terms in section 3127 of title 18, United States Code.

(b) United States citizen.—The term “United States citizen” means an individual who is a citizen of the United States.

(c) Foreign intelligence information.—The term “foreign intelligence information” means—

(1) information that relates to, and if concerning a United States citizen is necessary to, the ability of the United States to protect against—

(A) actual or potential attack or other grave hostile acts of a foreign power or an agent of a foreign power;

(B) sabotage, international terrorism, or the intentional proliferation of weapons of mass destruction by a foreign power or an agent of a foreign power; or

(C) clandestine intelligence activities by an intelligence service or network of a foreign power or by an agent of a foreign power; or

(2) information with respect to a foreign power or foreign territory that relates to, and if concerning a United States citizen, is necessary to—

(A) the national defense or the security of the United States; or

(B) the conduct of the foreign affairs of the United States.

(d) Electronic surveillance.—The term “electronic surveillance” means—

(1) the acquisition by an electronic, mechanical, or other surveillance device of the contents of any wire or radio communication sent by or intended to be received by a particular, known United States citizen who is in the United States, if the contents are acquired by intentionally targeting that United States citizen, under circumstances in which a citizen has a reasonable expectation of privacy and a warrant would be required for law enforcement purposes; or

(2) the installation or use of an electronic, mechanical, or other surveillance device in the United States for monitoring to acquire information, other than from a wire or radio communication, under circumstances in which a citizen has a reasonable expectation of privacy and a warrant would be required for law enforcement purposes.

(e) Wire communication.—The term “wire communication” means any communication while it is being carried by a wire, cable, or other like connection furnished or operated by any person engaged as a common carrier in providing or operating such facilities for the transmission of interstate or foreign communications.

SEC. 4. Prohibitions on surveilling United States citizens.

(a) An officer of the United States must obtain a warrant issued using the procedures described in the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure by a Federal court in order to conduct or request—

(1) electronic surveillance of a United States citizen;

(2) a physical search of a premises, information, material, or property used exclusively by, or under the open and exclusive control of, a United States citizen;

(3) approval of the installation and use of a pen register or trap and trace device, a sole or significant purpose of which is to obtain foreign intelligence information concerning a United States citizen;

(4) the production of tangible things (including books, records, papers, documents, and other items) concerning a United States citizen to obtain foreign intelligence information; or

(5) the targeting of a United States citizen for the acquisition of foreign intelligence information.

(b) Any information concerning a United States citizen acquired under Executive Order 12333 (50 U.S.C. 3001 note; relating to United States intelligence activities) shall not be used in evidence against that United States citizen in any criminal, civil, or administrative proceeding or as part of any criminal, civil, or administrative investigation.

SEC. 5. Limitation on use of information concerning United States citizens.

Any information concerning a United States citizen acquired during surveillance of a non-United States citizen shall not be used in evidence against that United States citizen in any criminal, civil, or administrative proceeding or as part of any criminal, civil, or administrative investigation.

SEC. 6. Criminal sanctions.

(a) A person is guilty of an offense if he intentionally—

(1) engages in any of the offenses described in section 4, except as authorized by this Act, title 18, or any express statutory authorization that is an additional exclusive means for conducting electronic surveillance under section 1812 of title 50; or

(2) discloses or uses information obtained under color of law by any of the methods described in section 4, paragraph (1), knowing or having reason to know that the information was obtained without authorization by this chapter, title 18, or any express statutory authorization that is an additional exclusive means for conducting electronic surveillance under section 1812 of title 50.

(b) It is a defense to prosecution under subsection (a) that the defendant was a law enforcement officer or investigative officer engaging in the course of his official duties and the conduct was authorized and conducted pursuant to a search warrant or court order of a court of competent jurisdiction.

(c) An offense described in this section is punishable by a fine of not more than $10,000 or imprisonment for not less than five years, or both.

(d) There is a Federal jurisdiction over an offense under this section if the person committing the offense was an officer or employee of the United States at the time the offense was committed.

H.R.118 – No Federal Funds for Political Prosecutions Act

To prohibit the use of forfeited funds made available to certain State or local law enforcement agencies pursuant to equitable sharing for certain purposes.

SEC. 2. Limitation on use of forfeited funds made available pursuant to equitable sharing.

(a) In general.—No funds or property received pursuant to section 511(e) of the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 811(e)), section 981 of title 18, United States Code, or section 524 of title 28, United States Code, by a State or local law enforcement agency with the authority to prosecute a criminal case may be used to investigate or prosecute the President or Vice President, a former President or Vice President, or a candidate for the office of President.

(b) Certification.—A State or local law enforcement agency referred to in subsection (a) shall certify to the Attorney General that the law enforcement agency will comply with subsection (a).

(c) Disqualification.—In the case of a State or local law enforcement agency that the Attorney General determines has failed to comply with this section, the Attorney General may not transfer, under section 511(e) of the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 811(e)), section 981 of title 18, United States Code, or section 524 of title 28, United States Code, any property seized by the Attorney General and forfeited to the United States, or any of the proceeds from the sale of such property to such State or local law enforcement agency.

(d) Definition.—In this section, the term “candidate” has the meaning given such term in section 301 of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30101).

H.R.125 – Limiting Emergency Powers Act of 2025

To amend the National Emergencies Act to provide that a national emergency declared by the President terminates 30 days after the declaration unless a joint resolution affirming such declaration is enacted into law, and for other purposes.

SEC. 2. Limitation on duration of national emergency without congressional approval.

(a) In general.—Section 202 of the National Emergencies Act (50 U.S.C. 1622) is amended—

(1) by striking subsection (a) and inserting the following:

“(a) Any national emergency declared by the President in accordance with this title shall terminate if—

“(1) there has not been enacted into law a joint resolution affirming the declaration of such national emergency before the date that is 30 days after the date on which such national emergency is declared;

“(2) there is enacted into law a joint resolution terminating the emergency; or

“(3) the President issues a proclamation terminating the emergency.”;

(2) by striking subsection (b) and inserting the following:

“(b) (1) The date on which a national emergency is terminated pursuant to subsection (a) shall be the first occurrence of any of the following dates:

“(A) The last date of the period described in subsection (a)(1).

“(B) The date specified in any joint resolution referred to in subsection (a)(2).

“(C) The date specified in a proclamation by the President terminating the emergency as provided in subsection (a)(3).

“(2) Effective on the date of the termination of a national emergency under paragraph (1)—

“(A) any amounts reprogrammed or transferred under any provision of law with respect to the emergency that remain unobligated on that date shall be returned and made available for the purpose for which such amounts were appropriated;

“(B) any contracts entered into under any provision of law for construction relating to the emergency shall be terminated unless construction commenced under the contract before that date; and

“(C) any powers or authorities exercised by reason of said emergency shall cease to be exercised after that date, except that a termination shall not affect—

“(i) any action taken or proceeding pending not finally concluded or determined on such date;

“(ii) any action or proceeding based on any act committed prior to such date; or

“(iii) any rights or duties that matured or penalties that were incurred prior to such date.”;

(3) in subsection (c)—

(A) in paragraph (1) by inserting “or affirm” after “terminate”; and

(B) in paragraph (5) by striking “, subsection (b) of this section,”; and

(4) by striking subsection (d) and inserting the following:

“(d) A national emergency declared by the President under section 201, affirmed by a joint resolution under subsection (a)(1), and not otherwise previously terminated, shall terminate on the date that is 2 years after the President transmitted to Congress the proclamation declaring the emergency under section 201(a) or Congress affirms a previous renewal pursuant to this subsection, unless—

“(1) the President publishes in the Federal Register and transmits to Congress an Executive order renewing the emergency; and

“(2) there is enacted into law a joint resolution affirming the renewal of the declaration, according to the requirements of subsection (c), before the termination of the emergency or previous renewal of the emergency.”.

(b) Application to national emergencies previously declared.—A national emergency declared under section 201 of the National Emergencies Act (50 U.S.C. 1621 et seq.) before the date of the enactment of this Act shall be unaffected by the amendments made by this Act except that such emergencies shall terminate on the date that is 2 years after such date of enactment unless the emergency is renewed under section 201(d) of the National Emergencies Act, as amended by this Act.

H.R.151 – Equal Representation Act

To require a citizenship question on the decennial census, to require reporting on certain census statistics, and to modify apportionment of Representatives to be based on United States citizens instead of all persons.

SEC. 2. Citizenship status on decennial census.

(a) In general.—Section 141 of title 13, United States Code, is amended—

(1) by redesignating subsection (g) as subsection (h); and

(2) by inserting after subsection (f) the following:

“(g) (1) In conducting the 2030 decennial census and each decennial census thereafter, the Secretary shall include in any questionnaire distributed or otherwise used for the purpose of determining the total population by States a checkbox or other similar option for the respondent to indicate, for the respondent and for each of the members of the household of the respondent, whether that individual is—

“(A) a citizen of the United States;

“(B) a national of the United States but not a citizen of the United States;

“(C) an alien lawfully residing in the United States; or

“(D) an alien unlawfully residing in the United States.

“(2) Not later than 120 days after completion of a decennial census of the population under subsection (a), the Secretary shall make publicly available the number of persons per State, disaggregated by each of the 4 categories described in subparagraphs (A) through (D) of paragraph (1), as tabulated in accordance with this section.”.

SEC. 3. Exclusion of noncitizens from number of persons used to determine apportionment of representatives and number of electoral votes.

(a) Exclusion.—Section 22(a) of the Act entitled “An Act to provide for the fifteenth and subsequent decennial censuses and to provide for an apportionment of Representatives in Congress”, approved June 18, 1929 (2 U.S.C. 2a(a)), is amended by inserting after “not taxed” the following: “and individuals who are not citizens of the United States”.

(b) Effective date.—The amendment made by subsection (a) shall apply with respect to the apportionment of Representatives carried out pursuant to the decennial census conducted during 2030 and any succeeding decennial census.

SEC. 4. Severability clause.

If any provision of this Act or amendment made by this Act, or the application thereof to any person or circumstance, is held to be unconstitutional, the remainder of the provisions of this Act and amendments made by this Act, and the application of the provision or amendment to any other person or circumstance, shall not be affected.

1. R. 162 “First Amendment Accountability Act”

To provide for a right of action against Federal employees for violations of First Amendment rights.

SEC. 2. Right of action against Federal employees for violations of First Amendment rights.

(a) In general.—A Federal employee who, under color of any statute, ordinance, regulation, custom, or usage, of the United States, subjects, or causes to be subjected, any citizen of the United States or any person within the jurisdiction thereof to the deprivation of any rights, privileges, or immunities secured by the First Amendment, shall be liable to the party injured in an action at law, suit in equity, or other proper proceeding for redress.

(b) Exception.—This section does not authorize a Federal employee to bring a suit against their Federal employer or the Federal Government for conduct that is within the scope of the employment relationship.

(c) Attorney’s fees.—In any action or proceeding to enforce this Act, the court, in its discretion, may allow the prevailing party, other than the United States, a reasonable attorney’s fee as part of the costs.

(d) Definition.—In this section, the term “Federal employee” means an individual, other than the President or the Vice President, who occupies a position in any agency or instrumentality of the executive branch (including any independent agency).

(e) Severability.—If any provision of this Act or the application of a provision of this Act to any person or circumstance is held to be unconstitutional, the remainder of this Act, and the application of the provisions to any person or circumstance, shall not be affected thereby.

H. R.  191 Inflation Reduction Act of 2025

This bill repeals the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 and rescinds any unobligated funds made available by the act.

SEC. 2. Repeal of Inflation Reduction Act of 2022.

(a) In general.—Public Law 117–169 (commonly referred to as the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022) is repealed.

(b) Rescissions.—The unobligated balances of any amounts made available under Public Law 117–169 are rescinded.

H.R.236 – Federal Employee Return to Work Act

To prohibit certain telework employees from receiving certain annual adjustments to pay schedules, and for other purposes.

SEC. 2. Definitions.

In this Act:

(1) COVERED EMPLOYEE.—The term “covered employee”—

(A) means an employee who teleworks not fewer than 1 day, or in the case of an alternative work schedule, not less than 20 percent, a week; and

(B) does not include an employee who—

(i) teleworks not fewer than 1 day a week; and

(ii) is—

(I) is disabled and receives reasonable accommodations;

(II) a member of the Foreign Service of the United States;

(III) a Federal law enforcement officer;

(IV) a member of the Armed Forces on active duty; or

(V) any other employee, the official worksite of whom is not described in section 531.605(a)(1) of title 5, Code of Federal Regulations (or any corresponding similar regulation or ruling).

(2) EMPLOYEE.—The term “employee” has the meaning given the term in section 2105 of title 5, United States Code.

(3) TELEWORK.—The term “telework” has the meaning given the term in section 6501 of title 5, United States Code.

SEC. 3. Annual adjustments to pay schedules.

No covered employee may receive an annual adjustment under section 5303 of title 5, United States Code.

SEC. 4. Pay localities.

Each covered employee shall be paid at the rate of basic pay under the applicable grade and step for that employee under the locality pay area designated as “Rest of U.S.”—

(1) as of the date on which the employee becomes a covered employee; and

(2) which shall not be adjusted under section 5304 of title 5, United States Code.

SEC. 5. Effective date.

This Act shall take effect on the first day of the first full fiscal year beginning after the date of enactment of this Act.

H.R.276 – Gulf of America Act of 2025

SEC. 2. Renaming of Gulf of Mexico as “Gulf of America”.

(a) Renaming.—The Gulf of Mexico shall be known as the “Gulf of America”.

(b) References.—Any reference in a law, map, regulation, document, paper, or other record of the United States to the Gulf of Mexico shall be deemed to be a reference to the “Gulf of America”.

(c) Implementation.—

(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of the Interior, acting through the Chairman of the Board on Geographic Names, shall oversee the implementation of the renaming described in subsection (a) with respect to each Federal document and map.

(2) REQUIREMENT.—Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this section, the head of each Federal agency shall update each document and map of the Federal agency in accordance with the renaming described in subsection (a).

H.R.283 – Panama Canal Repurchase Act of 2025

To authorize the President to enter into negotiations for the reacquisition of the Panama Canal from the Republic of Panama.

SEC. 2. Authorization to negotiate.

(a) Authorization.—The President, acting in coordination with the Secretary of State, is authorized to initiate and conduct negotiations with appropriate counterparts of the Government of the Republic of Panama to reacquire the Panama Canal.

(b) Report.—Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the President shall submit a report to Congress detailing the progress of the negotiations authorized by subsection (a), potential challenges, and anticipated outcomes.

H.R.361 – Make Greenland Great Again Act

SEC. 2. Authorization to enter into negotiations with the Kingdom of Denmark.

(a) In general.—Congress hereby authorizes the President, beginning at 12:01 p.m. Eastern Standard Time on January 20, 2025, to seek to enter into negotiations with the Kingdom of Denmark to secure the acquisition of Greenland by the United States.

(b) Transmission of agreement.—Not later than 5 calendar days after reaching an agreement with the Kingdom of Denmark relating to the acquisition of Greenland by the United States, the President shall transmit to the appropriate congressional committees the agreement, including all related materials and annexes.

(c) Period of review by Congress of agreement.—

(1) IN GENERAL.—The period for congressional review for any agreement described in subsection (a) shall be 60 calendar days from the date on which the President transmits to the appropriate Congressional committees the agreement for the acquisition of Greenland from the Kingdom of Denmark.

(2) EFFECTIVE DATE.—If no joint resolution of disapproval is enacted by Congress within the 60-calendar day period, the agreement described in subsection (a) shall be in effect and take the full force of law.

(d) Appropriate congressional committees defined.—In this section, the term “appropriate congressional committees” means—

(1) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives; and

(2) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate.

H.R.377 – Regulation Reduction Act of 2025

To require agencies to repeal three existing regulations before issuing a new regulation, and for other purposes.

SEC. 2. Repeal of regulations required before issuance of a new rule.

(1) REQUIREMENT FOR RULE.—An agency may not issue a rule unless such agency has repealed three or more rules described in paragraph (4) that, to the extent practicable, are related to the rule.

(2) REQUIREMENT FOR MAJOR RULE.—

(A) REPEAL REQUIRED.—An agency may not issue a major rule unless—

(i) such agency has repealed three or more rules described in paragraph (4) that, to the extent practicable, are related to the major rule; and

(ii) the cost of the new major rule is less than or equal to the cost of the rules repealed.

(B) CERTIFIED COST.—For any rule issued in accordance with subparagraph (A), the Administrator of the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs of the Office of Management and Budget must have certified that the cost of the new major rule is equal to or less that the cost of the rules repealed.

H.R.396 – TRUST in Congress Act or Transparent Representation Upholding Service and Trust in Congress Act

This bill requires a Member of Congress, as well as any spouse or dependent child of a Member, to place specified investments into a qualified blind trust (i.e., an arrangement in which certain financial holdings are placed in someone else’s control to avoid a possible conflict of interest) until 180 days after the end of their tenure as a Member of Congress.

H.R.401 – No Taxpayer Funding for the World Health Organization Act

SEC. 2. Prohibition on assessed and voluntary contributions to the World Health Organization.

Notwithstanding any other provision of law, effective on the date of the enactment of this Act, the United States may not provide any assessed or voluntary contributions to the World Health Organization.

H.R.465 – Old Glory Only Act

To prohibit the flying of any flag other than the United States flag over United States diplomatic and consular posts, and for other purposes.

SEC. 2. Prohibition on flying of certain flags over United States diplomatic and consular posts.

The Secretary of State shall ensure that no United States diplomatic or consular post flies any flag other than the United States flag over such post.

H.R.472 – Restore VA Accountability Act of 2025

To amend title 38, United States Code, to modify personnel action procedures with respect to employees of the Department of Veterans Affairs, and for other purposes.

SEC. 2. Supervisors: removal, demotion, or suspension based on performance or misconduct.

(a) Discipline of supervisors.—

(1) IN GENERAL.—Title 38, United States Code, is amended by inserting after section 711 the following:

“§ 712. Supervisors: removal, demotion, or suspension based on performance or misconduct

“(a) In general.—The Secretary may remove from civil service, demote, or suspend a covered individual who is an employee of the Department if the Secretary determines by substantial evidence that the performance or misconduct of the covered individual warrants such action.

“(b) Rights and procedures.— (1) (A) When making an initial decision under subsection (a) with respect to determining whether a covered individual should be removed, demoted, or suspended, the deciding employee of the Department shall exclusively apply the following factors:

“(i) The nature and seriousness of the offense, and its relation to the covered individual’s duties, position, and responsibilities, including whether the offense was intentional or technical or inadvertent, or was committed maliciously or for gain, or was frequently repeated.

“(ii) The covered individual’s job level and type of employment, including supervisory or fiduciary role, and prominence of the position.

“(B) The Secretary shall review the initial decision and uphold such decision if it is supported by substantial evidence.

“(2) A covered individual subject to an action under subsection (a) is entitled to—

“(A) advance notice of the action and a file containing all evidence in support of the proposed action;

“(B) be represented by an attorney or other representative of the covered individual’s choice; and

“(C) grieve the action in accordance with an internal grievance process that the Secretary, in consultation with the Assistant Secretary for Accountability and Whistleblower Protection, shall establish for purposes of this subsection.

“(3) A final decision by the Secretary under paragraph (1)(B) that is not grieved, and a grievance decision under paragraph (2)(C), shall be final and conclusive.

“(4) The procedures under chapter 43 of title 5 shall not apply to a removal, demotion, or suspension under this section, and the Secretary may carry out such a removal, demotion, or suspension without first placing a covered individual on a performance improvement plan.

“(c) Timing.— (1) (A) The aggregate period for notice, response, and final decision by the Secretary of an action under this section may not exceed 15 business days.

“(B) The period for the response of a covered individual to a notice under subsection (b)(2)(A) shall be 7 business days.

“(C) The final decision by the Secretary under subsection (b)(1)(B) shall—

“(i) be issued not later than 15 business days after notice is provided under subsection (b)(2)(A); and

“(ii) be in writing and shall include the specific reasons for the decision.

“(D) The Secretary shall ensure that the grievance process established under paragraph (2)(C) takes fewer than 21 days after the final decision.

“(d) Judicial review.— (1) A covered individual adversely affected by a final decision under this section that is not grieved, or by a grievance decision under subsection (b)(2)(C), may obtain judicial review of such decision.

“(2) Any removal, demotion, or suspension under this section is not appealable to the Merit Systems Protection Board, or to any administrative judge or other person appointed by the Merit Systems Protection Board.

“(3) In any case in which judicial review is sought under paragraph (1), the court shall review the record and may set aside any Department action found to be—

“(A) arbitrary, capricious, an abuse of discretion, or otherwise not in accordance with a provision of law;

“(B) obtained without procedures required by a provision of law having been followed; or

“(C) unsupported by substantial evidence.

“(4) Except to the extent that an appeal under this subsection presents a constitutional issue, such court may not review a challenge to the penalty imposed against the covered individual or mitigate such penalty.

“(e) Demoted individuals.— (1) A demotion under subsection (a) shall be carried out as a reduction in grade for which the covered individual is qualified, that the Secretary determines is appropriate, and that reduces the annual rate of pay of the covered individual.

“(2) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, any covered individual so demoted—

“(A) shall, beginning on the date of such demotion, receive the annual rate of pay applicable to such grade;

“(B) may not be placed on administrative leave during the period during which an appeal (if any) under this section is ongoing, and may only receive pay if the covered individual reports for duty or is approved to use accrued unused annual, sick, family medical, military, or court leave; and

“(C) who does not report for duty or receive approval to use accrued unused leave shall not receive pay or other benefits.

“(f) Whistleblower protection.— (1) In the case of a covered individual seeking corrective action (or on behalf of whom corrective action is sought) from the Office of Special Counsel based on an alleged prohibited personnel practice described in section 2302(b) of title 5, the Secretary may not remove, demote, or suspend such covered individual under subsection (a) without the approval of the Special Counsel under section 1214(f) of title 5.

“(2) In the case of a covered individual who has made a whistleblower disclosure to the Assistant Secretary for Accountability and Whistleblower Protection, the Secretary may not remove, demote, or suspend such covered individual under subsection (a) until—

“(A) in the case in which the Assistant Secretary determines to refer the whistleblower disclosure under section 323(c)(1)(D) of this title to an office or other investigative entity, a final decision with respect to the whistleblower disclosure has been made by such office or other investigative entity; or

“(B) in the case in which the Assistant Secretary determines not to refer the whistleblower disclosure under such section, the Assistant Secretary makes such determination.

“(g) Termination of investigations by office of special counsel.— (1) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the Special Counsel (established by section 1211 of title 5) may terminate an investigation of a prohibited personnel practice alleged by an employee or former employee of the Department after the Special Counsel provides to the employee or former employee a written statement of the reasons for the termination of the investigation.

“(2) Such statement may not be admissible as evidence in any judicial or administrative proceeding without the consent of such employee or former employee.

“(h) Application.—This section shall apply to any performance or misconduct of a covered individual beginning on the date of enactment of the Department of Veterans Affairs Accountability and Whistleblower Protection Act of 2017 (Public Law 115–41).

“(i) Definitions.—In this section:

“(1) The term ‘civil service’ has the meaning given that term in section 2101 of title 5.

“(2) The term ‘covered individual’ means an employee of the Department who is a supervisor or management official as defined in section 7103(a) of title 5 occupying a position at the Department, including individuals appointed pursuant to this title, title 5, and hybrid employees appointed pursuant to section 7401 of this title, but does not include—

“(A) an individual occupying a senior executive position (as defined in section 713(d) of this title);

“(B) an individual appointed pursuant to section 7306, 7401(1), 7401(4), or 7405 of this title;

“(C) an individual who has not completed a probationary or trial period; or

“(D) a political appointee.

“(3) The term ‘grade’ has the meaning given such term in section 7511(a) of title 5.

“(4) The term ‘misconduct’ includes neglect of duty, malfeasance, or failure to accept a directed reassignment or to accompany a position in a transfer of function.

“(5) The term ‘political appointee’ means an individual who is—

“(A) employed in a position described under sections 5312 through 5316 of title 5 (relating to the Executive Schedule);

“(B) a limited term appointee, limited emergency appointee, or noncareer appointee in the Senior Executive Service, as defined under paragraphs (5), (6), and (7), respectively, of section 3132(a) of title 5; or

“(C) employed in a position of a confidential or policy-determining character under schedule C of subpart C of part 213 of title 5, Code of Federal Regulations, or successor regulation.

“(6) The term ‘suspend’ means the placing of an employee, for disciplinary reasons, in a temporary status without duties and pay for a period in excess of 14 days.

“(7) The term ‘whistleblower disclosure’ has the meaning given such term in section 323(g) of this title.”.

(2) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.—The table of contents for title 38, United States Code, is amended by inserting after the item relating to section 711 the following:

“712. Supervisors: removal, demotion, or suspension based on performance or misconduct.”.

SEC. 3. Senior executives: modification of procedures to remove, demote, or suspend based on performance or misconduct.

Section 713 of title 38, United States Code, is amended—

(1) in subsection (a)—

(A) after “determines”, insert “by substantial evidence”; and

(B) by adding at the end the following:

“(3) When making an initial decision under this subsection with respect to determining whether a covered individual should be reprimanded or suspended, involuntarily reassigned, demoted, or removed, the deciding employee of the Department shall exclusively apply the following factors:

“(A) The nature and seriousness of the offense, and its relation to the covered individual’s duties, position, and responsibilities, including whether the offense was intentional or technical or inadvertent, or was committed maliciously or for gain, or was frequently repeated.

“(B) The covered individual’s job level and type of employment, including supervisory or fiduciary role, and prominence of the position.

“(4) The Secretary shall review the initial decision and uphold such decision if it is supported by substantial evidence.”;

(2) in subsection (b)—

(A) in paragraph (3), by inserting “after the final decision” after “21 days”; and

(B) by adding at the end the following:

“(7) Except to the extent that an appeal under this subsection presents a constitutional issue, such court may not review a challenge to the penalty imposed against the covered individual or mitigate such penalty.”; and

(3) insert after subsection (c) the following (and redesignate subsection (d) as subsection (e)):

“(d) Application.—This section shall apply to any misconduct or performance of a covered individual beginning on the date of enactment of the Department of Veterans Affairs Accountability and Whistleblower Protection Act of 2017 (Public Law 115–41).”.

SEC. 4. Modification of disciplinary procedures for employees of the Department of Veterans Affairs.

(a) Department of Veterans Affairs employee discipline modifications.—Section 714 of title 38, United States Code, is amended—

(1) in subsection (a),

(A) in paragraph (1), by inserting “by substantial evidence” after “the Secretary determines”; and

(B) by adding at the end the following:

“(3) (A) When making an initial decision under this subsection with respect to determining whether a covered individual should be removed, demoted, or suspended, the deciding employee of the Department shall exclusively apply the following factors:

“(i) The nature and seriousness of the offense, and its relation to the covered individual’s duties, position, and responsibilities, including whether the offense was intentional or technical or inadvertent, or was committed maliciously or for gain, or was frequently repeated.

“(ii) The covered individual’s job level and type of employment, including supervisory or fiduciary role, and prominence of the position.

“(iii) The covered individual’s past disciplinary record.

“(iv) The covered individual’s past work record, including length of service, performance on the job, ability to get along with fellow workers, and dependability.

“(v) Mitigating circumstances surrounding the offense such as unusual job tensions, personality problems, mental impairment, harassment, or bad faith, malice, or provocation on the part of others involved in the matter.

“(B) The Secretary shall review the initial decision and uphold such decision if it is supported by substantial evidence.”.

(2) in subsection (c)—

(A) by striking paragraph (1)(D); and

(B) in paragraph (3), by inserting before the period the following: “, and the Secretary may carry out such a removal, demotion, or suspension without first placing a covered individual on a performance improvement plan”;

(3) in subsection (d)—

(A) in paragraph (2), by adding at the end the following:

“(C) Except to the extent that an appeal under this subsection presents a constitutional issue, the administrative judge may not review a challenge to the penalty imposed against the covered individual.”;

(B) in paragraph (3), by adding at the end the following:

“(D) Except to the extent that an appeal under this subsection presents a constitutional issue, the Merit Systems Protection Board may not review a challenge to the penalty imposed against the covered individual.”;

(C) in paragraph (5), by adding at the end the following:

“(C) Except to the extent that an appeal under this subsection presents a constitutional issue, such Court may not review a challenge to the penalty imposed against the covered individual or mitigate such penalty.”; and

(D) by striking paragraph (10);

(4) by redesignating subsection (h) as subsection (j);

(5) by inserting after subsection (g) the following:

“(h) Collective bargaining agreements.—The procedures in this section shall supersede any collective bargaining agreement to the extent that such agreement is inconsistent with such procedures.

“(i) Application.—This section shall apply to any performance or misconduct of a covered individual beginning on the date of enactment of the Department of Veterans Affairs Accountability and Whistleblower Protection Act of 2017 (Public Law 115–41).”; and

(6) in paragraph (1) of subsection (j), as redesignated by paragraph (4)—

(A) by inserting “including individuals appointed pursuant to this title, title 5, and hybrid employees appointed pursuant to section 7401 of this title” after “Department”;

(B) in subparagraph (D), by striking the period and inserting “; or”; and

(C) by adding after subparagraph (D) the following:

“(E) a supervisor or management official as defined in section 7103(a) of title 5.”.

(b) VHA employee discipline modifications.—Section 7403(f)(3) of such title is amended—

(1) by striking “Notwithstanding any other provision of this title or other law,” and inserting “(A) Notwithstanding any other provision of this title or other law, and consistent with subparagraph (B),”; and

(2) by adding at the end the following:

“(B) With respect to any covered individual (as that term is defined in section 712 or 714) appointed to such positions, such matters shall be resolved, at the Secretary’s sole discretion, under—

“(i) section 712;

“(ii) section 714; or

“(iii) title 5 as though such individuals had been appointed under that title.”.

H.R.473 – SHOW UP Act of 2025

To restore in-person work at Federal agencies to not less than pre-pandemic levels, and for other purposes.

SEC. 2. Reinstatement of pre-pandemic telework policies, practices, and levels for Executive agencies.

Not later than 30 days after the date of enactment of this Act, each agency shall adopt and apply telework policies, practices, and levels at the agency that are equivalent to, or otherwise permit no additional levels of telework than, those which were in effect on December 31, 2019, and may not expand any such policy, practice, or level until the date that an agency plan is submitted to Congress with a certification by the Director of the Office of Personnel Management under section 3.

SEC. 3. Study, plan, and certification regarding Executive agency telework policies, practices, and levels for Executive agencies.

(a) In general.—Not later than 6 months after the date of enactment of this Act, the head of each agency, in consultation with the Director, shall submit to Congress—

(1) a study on the impacts on the agency and its mission of expanding telework by its employees during the SARS–CoV–2 pandemic that commenced in 2019 and maintaining such expanded telework thereafter, including an analysis of—

(A) any adverse impacts of that expansion on the agency’s performance of its mission, including the performance of customer service by the agency;

(B) any costs to the agency during that expansion attributable to—

(i) owning, leasing, or maintaining underutilized real property; or

(ii) paying higher rates of locality pay to teleworking employees as a result of incorrectly classifying such employees as teleworkers rather than remote workers;

(C) any degree to which the agency failed during that expansion to provide teleworking employees with secure network capacity, communications tools, necessary and secure access to appropriate agency data assets and Federal records, and equipment sufficient to enable each such employee to be fully productive;

(D) any degree to which that expansion facilitated dispersal of the agency workforce around the Nation; and

(E) any other impacts of that expansion that the agency or the Director considers appropriate;

(2) any agency plan to expand telework policies, practices, or levels beyond those in place as a result of section 2; and

(3) a certification by the Director that such plan will—

(A) have a substantial positive effect on—

(i) the performance of the agency’s mission, including the performance of customer service;

(ii) increasing the level of dispersal of agency personnel throughout the Nation; and

(iii) the reversal of any adverse impact set forth pursuant to paragraph (1)(D);

(B) substantially lower the agency’s costs of owning, leasing, or maintaining real property;

(C) substantially lower the agency’s costs attributable to paying locality pay to agency personnel working from locations outside the pay locality of their position’s official worksite; and

(D) ensure that teleworking employees will be provided with secure network capacity, communications tools, necessary and secure access to appropriate agency data assets and Federal records, and equipment sufficient to enable each such employee to be fully productive, without substantially increasing the agency’s overall costs for secure network capacity, communications tools, and equipment.

(b) Limitation.—

(1) IN GENERAL.—An agency may not implement the plan submitted under subsection (a)(2) unless a certification by the Director was issued under subsection (a)(3).

(2) SUBSEQUENT PLANS.—In the event an initial agency plan submitted under subsection (a)(2) fails to receive such certification, the agency may submit to the Director subsequent plans until such certification is received, and submit such plan and certification to Congress.

(c) Definitions.—In this Act—

(1) the term “agency” has the meaning given the term “Executive agency” in section 105 of title 5, United States Code, except that such term does not include the Government Accountability Office;

(2) the term “Director” means the Director of the Office of Personnel Management;

(3) the term “locality pay” means locality pay provided for under section 5304 or 5304a of such title; and

(4) the terms “telework” and “teleworking” have the meaning given those terms in section 6501 of such title, and include remote work.

H.R.576 – To codify Executive Order 14096 relating to revitalizing our Nation’s commitment to environmental justice for all.

SECTION 1. Codification of Executive Order 14096.

Executive Order 14096 (88 Fed. Reg. 25251; relating to revitalizing our Nation’s commitment to environmental justice for all) shall have the force and effect of law.

H.R.589 – FACE Act Repeal Act of 2025

To amend title 18, United States Code, to repeal prohibitions relating to freedom of access to clinic entrances, and for other purposes.

SEC. 2. Repeal of prohibitions relating to freedom of access to clinic entrances.

(a) In general.—Section 248 of title 18, United States Code, is repealed.

(b) Clerical amendment.—The table of sections for chapter 13 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by striking the item relating to section 248.

(c) Applicability.—The repeal made in subsection (a) shall apply to any prosecution of an offense that is pending on, or commenced on or after, the date of enactment of this Act.

My addition:

Section 248 of Title 18 states:

(a)Prohibited Activities.—Whoever—

(1)

by force or threat of force or by physical obstruction, intentionally injures, intimidates or interferes with or attempts to injure, intimidate or interfere with any person because that person is or has been, or in order to intimidate such person or any other person or any class of persons from, obtaining or providing reproductive health services;

(2)

by force or threat of force or by physical obstruction, intentionally injures, intimidates or interferes with or attempts to injure, intimidate or interfere with any person lawfully exercising or seeking to exercise the First Amendment right of religious freedom at a place of religious worship; or

(3)

intentionally damages or destroys the property of a facility, or attempts to do so, because such facility provides reproductive health services, or intentionally damages or destroys the property of a place of religious worship,

H.R.643 – Federal Insurance Office Elimination Act

SEC. 2. Elimination of Federal Insurance Office.

(a) In general.—The Federal Insurance Office of the Department of the Treasury, and the position of the Director of the Federal Insurance Office, are hereby eliminated.

(b) Amendment.—Title 31, United States Code, is amended—

(1) by striking section 313; and

(2) in the table of sections for subchapter I of chapter 3, by striking the item relating to section 313.

(c) Treasury authority.—This section, and the amendment made by this section, may not be construed to repeal or otherwise limit any authority of the Secretary of the Treasury with respect matters relating to insurance.

H.R.687 – MERIT Act of 2025

To amend title 5, United States Code, to provide for an alternative removal for performance or misconduct for Federal employees.

Sec. 2. Termination of authority for chapter 43 performance-based actions.
Sec. 3. Adverse actions based on performance or conduct.
Sec. 4. Prohibition on grieving adverse actions and reductions in force.
Sec. 5. Actions against senior executives for performance or conduct.
Sec. 6. Actions against supervisors for performance or conduct.
Sec. 7. Modification of procedures for furlough.
Sec. 8. Reduction of annuity of employee convicted of a felony for which an adverse action is or would have been taken.
Sec. 9. Authority to recoup bonuses or awards paid to employees.
Sec. 10. Extension of probationary period for positions within the Senior Executive Service.
Sec. 11. Extension of probationary period for employees in the competitive service.
Sec. 12. Application.

A long bill.  For the rest of it go to:  uscongress.gov

H.R.734 – To amend the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 with respect to the issuance of quality control guidance issued by the Secretary of Agriculture.

SECTION 1. Public comment on quality control guidance.

Section 16(c) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2025(c)) is amended by adding at the end the following:

“(10) PUBLIC COMMENT ON QUALITY CONTROL GUIDANCE.—

“(A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall provide notice and make available for public comment for a period of not fewer than 60 days any new or updated guidance proposing substantive changes for conducting quality control reviews prior to any such guidance being finalized.

“(B) SCOPE.—The requirement in (A) shall be applicable to any proposed guidance reasonably expected to require state agencies to make changes to systems, procedures, or staffing pertaining to quality control reviews or that impact verification requirements for supplemental nutrition assistance program recipients.

“(C) EXCEPTION.—In the case of an urgent and immediate need, the Secretary may issue interim final guidance simultaneous with the notice and comment requirements required in (A).”.

H.R.735 – United States Reciprocal Trade Act

To authorize the President to take certain actions relating to reciprocal trade, and for other purposes.

SEC. 2. Findings.

Congress finds the following:

(1) The United States maintains an open market for goods, with relatively low tariffs, and has long encouraged trading partners, both bilaterally and in multilateral fora, to liberalize their markets.

(2) The United States is the world’s largest importer of goods.

(3) Trading partners of the United States in many instances impose significantly higher tariffs on United States goods than the United States imposes on the same or similar goods imported from those same countries.

(4) Europeans have continued to protect their auto markets from United States automotive companies through high tariffs while dumping cheap European cars into the United States, undermining our automotive industry.

(5) Canadian and Mexican authorities have flooded American markets with cheap goods while simultaneously allowing for illegal migrants and poisonous fentanyl to pour into the United States.

(6) United States trading partners in many instances impose significant nontariff barriers that greatly undermine the value of negotiated tariff concessions.

(7) The lack of reciprocity in tariff levels and disproportionate use of nontariff barriers by United States trading partners facilitates foreign imports, discourages United States exports, and puts United States producers, farmers, and workers at a competitive disadvantage.

(8) The lack of reciprocity in tariff levels and nontariff barriers contributes to the large and growing United States trade deficit in goods, which is a drag on economic growth and undermines economic prosperity.

(9) Tariffs under the Trump presidency substantially shrank the trade deficit with China.

(10) The President must be able to levy tariffs on our global competitors. Preferential treatment of adversaries, such as China’s Most Favored Nation trading status, undermines American national security interests domestically and around the world.

(11) To date a number of United States trading partners have been unwilling, including in multilateral negotiations, to reduce tariffs and eliminate nontariff barriers applied to United States exports.

(12) The United States should seek action by United States trading partners to lower tariffs and eliminate nontariff barriers, to promote efficiency in those markets and enhance opportunities for United States producers, farmers, and workers.

(13) For the United States to maintain its economic dominance globally, the President must have the authority to levy reciprocal tariffs against unfair trading partners.

(14) The President should have a wide array of tools to open the markets of United States trading partners and encourage participation in negotiations to liberalize trade in goods on a fair and reciprocal basis, including the authority to adjust tariff rates to reciprocal levels.

SEC. 3. Authority to take certain actions relating to reciprocal trade.

(a) In general.—If the President determines that—

(1) the rate of duty imposed by a foreign country with respect to a particular good, when imported from the United States, is significantly higher than the rate of duty imposed by the United States on that good, when imported from that country, or

(2) the nontariff barriers applied by a foreign country with respect to a particular good, when imported from the United States, impose significantly higher burdens, alone or in combination with any tariffs imposed by that country on that good, than the burdens of the nontariff barriers applied by the United States with respect to that good, alone or in combination with any tariffs imposed by the United States on that good, when imported from that country,

the President may take one or more of the actions authorized under subsection (b).

(b) Actions authorized.—The actions authorized under this subsection are the following:

(1) To negotiate and seek to enter into an agreement with the foreign country that commits the country to reduce the rate of duty or reduce or eliminate nontariff barriers on the good that is the subject of the determination under subsection (a).

(2) To impose a rate of duty on imports of the good that is equal to—

(A) the rate of duty imposed by the foreign country with respect to the good, in the case of a determination described in subsection (a)(1); or

(B) the effective rate of duty of the nontariff barriers applied by the foreign country with respect to the good, alone or in combination with any tariffs imposed by that country on that good, in the case of a determination described in subsection (a)(2).

(c) Factors.—In taking an action authorized under subsection (b), the President shall consider the following factors:

(1) The tariff classification of the good by the United States and the tariff classification of the good by the foreign country.

(2) The rate of duty applied by the United States with respect to the good and the rate of duty applied by the foreign country with respect to the good.

(3) The physical characteristics of the good.

(4) The end uses and existence of a competitive relationship between the good—

(A) as exported from the United States to the foreign country; and

(B) as imported from the country to the United States.

(5) The level of exports of the good by the country to the United States and to other countries.

(6) In the case of a determination described in subsection (a)(1), the extent to which the rate of duty applied by the foreign country with respect to the good is impeding or distorting trade.

(7) In the case of a determination described in subsection (a)(2)—

(A) the extent of the nontariff barriers applied by the foreign country with respect to the good and the extent of the nontariff barriers applied by the United States with respect to the good;

(B) the extent to which the nontariff barriers applied by the country with respect to the good, alone or in combination with any tariffs imposed by that country on that good, are impeding or distorting trade;

(C) the identified purpose of the nontariff barriers applied by the country with respect to the good, if any, and the extent to which the nontariff barriers are more restrictive than necessary to meet that purpose; and

(D) the degree of transparency of the process by which the country adopted the nontariff barriers.

(8) Other factors, as the President determines appropriate.

(d) Role of USTR.—The United States Trade Representative, in consultation with the Secretary of Treasury, the Secretary of Commerce, and the heads of other relevant Federal agencies, shall advise the President in determining the effective rate of duty imposed by the nontariff barriers applied by a foreign country with respect to a good, alone or in combination with any tariffs imposed by that country on that good, in the case of a determination described in subsection (a)(2).

(e) Lower rate of duty.—The President may impose a rate of duty on imports of a good from a foreign country that is lower than the rate of duty described in subsection (b)(2)(A) or lower than the effective rate of duty described in subsection (b)(2)(B), as the case may be, if the President determines that application of such lower rate of duty is necessary and appropriate.

(f) Higher rate of duty.—If the President imposes a rate of duty on imports of a good from a foreign country under subsection (b)(2), and the country further increases its rate of duty on imports of the good from the United States, the President may further increase the rate of duty on imports of the good from the country to a rate that is equal to the rate of duty applied by that country.

(g) Termination.—The President shall terminate the imposition of any increase in the rate of duty on imports of a good from a foreign country under subsection (b)(2) effective on the date on which the President determines that—

(1) the foreign country is no longer—

(A) imposing a rate of duty with respect to the good, as described in subsection (a)(1); or

(B) applying nontariff barriers with respect to the good, as described in subsection (a)(2); or

(2) continued imposition of the increased rate of duty on imports of the good from the foreign country is not in the economic or public interest of the United States.

SEC. 4. Notice and consultation.

(a) In general.—Before taking any action authorized under section 3(b)(1), the President shall provide notice to and consult with the Committee on Ways and Means of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Finance of the Senate regarding the proposed action.

(b) Notice.—Before taking any action authorized under section 3(b)(2), the President shall—

(1) not less than 30 days before the date on which imposition of an increased rate of duty on imports of a good from a foreign country is to take effect, publish notice in the Federal Register of, and allow for public comment on, the proposed imposition and level of such increased rate of duty; and

(2) seek advice regarding the proposed action from the advisory committees established under section 135 of the Trade Act of 1974 (19 U.S.C. 2155).

(c) Additional notice.—The President shall promptly publish in the Federal Register notice of any action taken pursuant to section 3(f) or 3(g).

SEC. 5. CONGRESSIONAL DISAPPROVAL OF PRESIDENTIAL IMPOSITION OF RATES OF DUTY ON IMPORTS OF GOODS FROM FOREIGN COUNTRIES UNDER SECTION 3(b)(2); DISAPPROVAL RESOLUTION.

(a) In general.—An action taken by the President under section 3(b)(2) to impose a rate of duty on imports of a good from a foreign country shall cease to have force and effect upon the enactment of a disapproval resolution, provided for in subsection (b), relating to that action.

(b) Congressional rulemaking power; disapproval resolution.—

(1) IN GENERAL.—This section is enacted by the Congress—

(A) as an exercise of the rulemaking power of the House of Representatives and the Senate, respectively, and as such is deemed a part of the rules of each House, respectively, but applicable only with respect to the procedures to be followed in that House in the case of disapproval resolutions and such procedures supersede other rules only to the extent that they are inconsistent therewith; and

(B) with the full recognition of the constitutional right of either House to change the rules (so far as relating to the procedure of that House) at any time, in the same manner, and to the same extent as any other rule of that House.

(2) DISAPPROVAL RESOLUTION.—For purposes of this section, the term “disapproval resolution” means only a joint resolution of either House of Congress the matter after the resolving clause of which is as follows: “That the Congress disapproves the action taken under section 3(b)(2) of the United States Reciprocal Trade Act with respect to the imposition of a rate of duty on imports of __ from __ under such section 3(b)(2).”, the first blank space being filled with a description of the good with respect to which the duty is imposed under section 3(b)(2) and the second blank being filled with the name of the foreign country from which the good is imported into the United States.

(3) CONSIDERATION.—

(A) INTRODUCTION.—All disapproval resolutions introduced in the House of Representatives shall be referred to the Committee on Ways and Means and all disapproval resolutions introduced in the Senate shall be referred to the Committee on Finance.

(B) AMENDMENTS PROHIBITED; MOTIONS TO SUSPEND APPLICATION OF THIS SUBPARAGRAPH PROHIBITED.—No amendment to a disapproval resolution shall be in order in either the House of Representatives or the Senate, and no motion to suspend the application of this subparagraph shall be in order in either House nor shall it be in order in either House for the Presiding Officer to entertain a request to suspend the application of this subparagraph by unanimous consent.

(C) MAJORITY REQUIRED FOR ADOPTION.—A disapproval resolution considered under this subsection shall require an affirmative vote of two-thirds of the Members, duly chosen and sworn, for adoption.

SEC. 6. Report.

Before entering into an agreement with a foreign country under section 3(b)(1), the United States Trade Representative shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees and leadership a report that describes—

(1) the implementation of the agreement, including how it is consistent with and does not materially differ from or otherwise affect Federal or State laws or regulations;

(2) the impact on the competitiveness of United States businesses; and

(3) the impact on United States consumers.

SEC. 7. SUNSET OF PRESIDENTIAL IMPOSITION OF RATES OF DUTY ON IMPORTS OF GOODS FROM FOREIGN COUNTRIES UNDER SECTION 3(b)(2) BY DISAPPROVAL RESOLUTION.

(a) In general.—The authority of the President to take an action under section 3(b)(2) to impose a rate of duty on imports of a good from a foreign country—

(1) shall be effective for the period ending on the date that is three years after the date of the enactment of this Act; and

(2) shall be extended for an additional period of three years if (and only if)—

(A) the President requests such extension under subsection (b); and

(B) a disapproval resolution is not enacted into law as provided for under subsection (c).

(b) Report to Congress.—If the President is of the opinion that the authority of the President to take an action under section 3(b)(2) to impose a rate of duty on imports of a good from a foreign country should be extended for the additional period described in subsection (a)(2), the President shall submit to Congress, not later than the date that is three months before the end of the period described in subsection (a)(1), a written report that contains a request for such extension, together with a description of all actions taken under section 3(b)(2) to date.

(c) Disapproval resolution.—

(1) CONGRESSIONAL RULEMAKING POWER.—This section is enacted by the Congress—

(A) as an exercise of the rulemaking power of the House of Representatives and the Senate, respectively, and as such is deemed a part of the rules of each House, respectively, but applicable only with respect to the procedures to be followed in that House in the case of disapproval resolutions and such procedures supersede other rules only to the extent that they are inconsistent therewith; and

(B) with the full recognition of the constitutional right of either House to change the rules (so far as relating to the procedure of that House) at any time, in the same manner, and to the same extent as any other rule of that House.

(2) DISAPPROVAL RESOLUTION.—For purposes of subsection (a), the term “disapproval resolution” means only a joint resolution of either House of Congress the matter after the resolving clause of which is as follows: “That the Congress disapproves the request of the President for the extension, under section 7(a)(2)(A) of the United States Reciprocal Trade Act, of the authority of the President to take an action under section 3(b)(2) of such Act to impose a rate of duty on imports of a good from a foreign country after the period ending on the date that is three years after the date of the enactment of such Act.”.

(3) INTRODUCTION; REFERRAL.—A disapproval resolution—

(A) may be introduced in either House of Congress by any member of such House; and

(B) shall be referred, in the House of Representatives, to the Committee on Ways and Means and, in addition, to the Committee on Rules.

(4) FLOOR CONSIDERATION.—The provisions of subsections (d) and (e) of section 152 of the Trade Act of 1974 (19 U.S.C. 2192) (relating to the floor consideration of certain resolutions in the House and Senate) apply to a disapproval resolution.

(5) LIMITATIONS ON CONSIDERATION.—It is not in order for—

(A) the House of Representatives to consider any disapproval resolution not reported by the Committee on Ways and Means and, in addition, by the Committee on Rules;

(B) the Senate to consider any disapproval resolution not reported by the Committee on Finance; or

(C) either House of Congress to consider a disapproval resolution after the date that is three years after the date of the enactment of this Act.

(d) Rules of construction.—

(1) IN GENERAL.—An action authorized under section 3(b)(2) to impose a rate of duty on imports of a good from a foreign country that is taken before the end of the period described in subsection (a)(1) or the end of the period described in subsection (a)(2) shall remain in effect after the end of such respective period.

(2) ADDITIONAL AUTHORITIES.—The President may exercise the authorities of subsections (e), (f), and (g) of section 3 with respect to an action described in paragraph (1) after the end of the period described in such paragraph that is applicable to such action.

SEC. 8. Definitions.

In this Act:

(1) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES AND LEADERSHIP.—The term “appropriate congressional committees and leadership” means—

(A) the Committee on Ways and Means of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Finance of the Senate; and

(B) the Speaker of the House of Representatives, the minority leader of the House of Representatives, the majority leader of the Senate, and the minority leader of the Senate.

(2) NONTARIFF BARRIER.—The term “nontariff barrier” includes any government-imposed measure or policy, other than a customs duty, that restricts, prevents, or impedes international trade in goods, including import policies, sanitary and phytosanitary measures, technical barriers to trade, government procurement, export subsidies, lack of intellectual property protection, digital trade barriers, and government-tolerated anticompetitive conduct of state-owned or private firms.

(3) RATE OF DUTY.—The term “rate of duty” means the rate of customs duty applied on imports of a good, but does not include an antidumping or countervailing duty or a duty applied under a preferential tariff arrangement.

H.R.899 – To terminate the Department of Education.

H.R.908 – To amend section 230 of the Communications Act of 1934 (commonly referred to as the Communications Decency Act) to stop censorship, and for other purposes.

H.R.909 – To temporarily provide additional deposits into the Crime Victims Fund.

H.R.989 – To codify Executive Order 11246 titled “Equal Employment Opportunity”.

H.R.1029 – To abolish the United States Agency for International Development.

H.R. 1180 Repeal Impoundment Control Act

H.R. 1216 No NPR funding

H.R.1243 – To prohibit United States assistance to foreign countries that oppose the position of the United States in the United Nations

H.R.1251 – To provide Members of Congress access to Federal buildings, and for other purposes.

H.R.1295 – To amend chapter 9 of title 5, United States Code, to reauthorize the executive reorganization authority of the President and to ensure efficient executive reorganization, and for other purposes.

H.R.1351 – To amend the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 to require the recitation of the Pledge of Allegiance and the display of the American Flag in certain federally funded elementary and secondary schools, and for other purposes.

H. R. 7 No Taxpayer Funding for Abortion and Abortion Insurance Full Disclosure Act of 2025

Summary: This bill modifies provisions relating to federal funding for, and health insurance coverage of, abortions.

Specifically, the bill prohibits the use of federal funds for abortions or for health coverage that includes abortions. Additionally, abortions may not be provided in a federal health care facility or by a federal employee.

Historically, language has been included in annual appropriations bills for the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) that prohibits the use of federal funds for abortions—such language is commonly referred to as the Hyde Amendment. Similar language is also frequently included in appropriations bills for other federal agencies and the District of Columbia. The bill makes these restrictions permanent and extends the restrictions to all federal funds (rather than specific agencies).

The bill’s restrictions regarding the use of federal funds do not apply in cases of rape, incest, or where a physical disorder, injury, or illness endangers a woman’s life unless an abortion is performed. The Hyde Amendment provides the same exceptions.

The bill also prohibits qualified health plans from including coverage for abortions. Currently, qualified health plans may cover abortion, but the portion of the premium attributable to abortion coverage is not eligible for subsidies.

SECTION 1. table of contents.

(b) Table of contents.
Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.

TITLE I—PROHIBITING FEDERALLY FUNDED ABORTIONS

Sec. 101. Prohibiting taxpayer funded abortions.
Sec. 102. Amendment to table of chapters.

TITLE II—APPLICATION UNDER THE AFFORDABLE CARE ACT

Sec. 201. Clarifying application of prohibition to premium credits and cost-sharing reductions under ACA.
Sec. 202. Revision of notice requirements regarding disclosure of extent of health plan coverage of abortion and abortion premium surcharges.

TITLE I—Prohibiting Federally Funded Abortions

SEC. 101. Prohibiting taxpayer funded abortions.

Title 1, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following new chapter:

“CHAPTER 4—PROHIBITING TAXPAYER FUNDED ABORTIONS

“301. Prohibition on funding for abortions.
“302. Prohibition on funding for health benefits plans that cover abortion.
“303. Limitation on Federal facilities and employees.
“304. Construction relating to separate coverage.
“305. Construction relating to the use of non-Federal funds for health coverage.
“306. Non-preemption of other Federal laws.
“307. Construction relating to complications arising from abortion.
“308. Treatment of abortions related to rape, incest, or preserving the life of the mother.
“309. Application to District of Columbia.

“§ 301. Prohibition on funding for abortions

“No funds authorized or appropriated by Federal law, and none of the funds in any trust fund to which funds are authorized or appropriated by Federal law, shall be expended for any abortion.

“§ 302. Prohibition on funding for health benefits plans that cover abortion

“None of the funds authorized or appropriated by Federal law, and none of the funds in any trust fund to which funds are authorized or appropriated by Federal law, shall be expended for health benefits coverage that includes coverage of abortion.

“§ 303. Limitation on Federal facilities and employees

“No health care service furnished—

“(1) by or in a health care facility owned or operated by the Federal Government; or

“(2) by any physician or other individual employed by the Federal Government to provide health care services within the scope of the physician’s or individual’s employment,

may include abortion.

“§ 304. Construction relating to separate coverage

“Nothing in this chapter shall be construed as prohibiting any individual, entity, or State or locality from purchasing separate abortion coverage or health benefits coverage that includes abortion so long as such coverage is paid for entirely using only funds not authorized or appropriated by Federal law and such coverage shall not be purchased using matching funds required for a federally subsidized program, including a State’s or locality’s contribution of Medicaid matching funds.

“§ 305. Construction relating to the use of non-Federal funds for health coverage

“Nothing in this chapter shall be construed as restricting the ability of any non-Federal health benefits coverage provider from offering abortion coverage, or the ability of a State or locality to contract separately with such a provider for such coverage, so long as only funds not authorized or appropriated by Federal law are used and such coverage shall not be purchased using matching funds required for a federally subsidized program, including a State’s or locality’s contribution of Medicaid matching funds.

“§ 306. Non-preemption of other Federal laws

“Nothing in this chapter shall repeal, amend, or have any effect on any other Federal law to the extent such law imposes any limitation on the use of funds for abortion or for health benefits coverage that includes coverage of abortion, beyond the limitations set forth in this chapter.

“§ 307. Construction relating to complications arising from abortion

“Nothing in this chapter shall be construed to apply to the treatment of any infection, injury, disease, or disorder that has been caused by or exacerbated by the performance of an abortion. This rule of construction shall be applicable without regard to whether the abortion was performed in accord with Federal or State law, and without regard to whether funding for the abortion is permissible under section 308.

“§ 308. Treatment of abortions related to rape, incest, or preserving the life of the mother

“The limitations established in sections 301, 302, and 303 shall not apply to an abortion—

“(1) if the pregnancy is the result of an act of rape or incest; or

“(2) in the case where a woman suffers from a physical disorder, physical injury, or physical illness that would, as certified by a physician, place the woman in danger of death unless an abortion is performed, including a life-endangering physical condition caused by or arising from the pregnancy itself.

“§ 309. Application to District of Columbia

“(1) Any reference to funds appropriated by Federal law shall be treated as including any amounts within the budget of the District of Columbia that have been approved by an Act of Congress pursuant to section 446 of the District of Columbia Home Rule Act (or any applicable successor Federal law).

“(2) The term ‘Federal Government’ includes the Government of the District of Columbia.”.

SEC. 102. Amendment to table of chapters.

The table of chapters for title 1, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following new item:

• “4. Prohibiting taxpayer funded abortions 301”.

TITLE II—Application under the Affordable Care Act

SEC. 201. Clarifying application of prohibition to premium credits and cost-sharing reductions under ACA.

(a) In general.—

(1) DISALLOWANCE OF REFUNDABLE CREDIT AND COST-SHARING REDUCTIONS FOR COVERAGE UNDER QUALIFIED HEALTH PLAN WHICH PROVIDES COVERAGE FOR ABORTION.—

(A) IN GENERAL.—Subparagraph (A) of section 36B(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by inserting before the period at the end the following: “or any health plan that includes coverage for abortions (other than any abortion or treatment described in section 307 or 308 of title 1, United States Code)”.

(B) OPTION TO PURCHASE OR OFFER SEPARATE COVERAGE OR PLAN.—Paragraph (3) of section 36B(c) of such Code is amended by adding at the end the following new subparagraph:

“(C) SEPARATE ABORTION COVERAGE OR PLAN ALLOWED.—

“(i) OPTION TO PURCHASE SEPARATE COVERAGE OR PLAN.—Nothing in subparagraph (A) shall be construed as prohibiting any individual from purchasing separate coverage for abortions described in such subparagraph, or a health plan that includes such abortions, so long as no credit is allowed under this section with respect to the premiums for such coverage or plan.

“(ii) OPTION TO OFFER COVERAGE OR PLAN.—Nothing in subparagraph (A) shall restrict any non-Federal health insurance issuer offering a health plan from offering separate coverage for abortions described in such subparagraph, or a plan that includes such abortions, so long as premiums for such separate coverage or plan are not paid for with any amount attributable to the credit allowed under this section (or the amount of any advance payment of the credit under section 1412 of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act).”.

(2) DISALLOWANCE OF SMALL EMPLOYER HEALTH INSURANCE EXPENSE CREDIT FOR PLAN WHICH INCLUDES COVERAGE FOR ABORTION.—Subsection (h) of section 45R of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended—

(A) by striking “Any term” and inserting the following:

“(1) IN GENERAL.—Any term”; and

(B) by adding at the end the following new paragraph:

“(2) EXCLUSION OF HEALTH PLANS INCLUDING COVERAGE FOR ABORTION.—

“(A) IN GENERAL.—The term ‘qualified health plan’ does not include any health plan that includes coverage for abortions (other than any abortion or treatment described in section 307 or 308 of title 1, United States Code).

“(B) SEPARATE ABORTION COVERAGE OR PLAN ALLOWED.—

“(i) OPTION TO PURCHASE SEPARATE COVERAGE OR PLAN.—Nothing in subparagraph (A) shall be construed as prohibiting any employer from purchasing for its employees separate coverage for abortions described in such subparagraph, or a health plan that includes such abortions, so long as no credit is allowed under this section with respect to the employer contributions for such coverage or plan.

“(ii) OPTION TO OFFER COVERAGE OR PLAN.—Nothing in subparagraph (A) shall restrict any non-Federal health insurance issuer offering a health plan from offering separate coverage for abortions described in such subparagraph, or a plan that includes such abortions, so long as such separate coverage or plan is not paid for with any employer contribution eligible for the credit allowed under this section.”.

(3) CONFORMING ACA AMENDMENTS.—Section 1303(b) of Public Law 111–148 (42 U.S.C. 18023(b)) is amended—

(A) by striking paragraph (2);

(B) by striking paragraph (3), as amended by section 202(a); and

(C) by redesignating paragraph (4) as paragraph (2).

(b) Application to multi-State plans.—Paragraph (6) of section 1334(a) of Public Law 111–148 (42 U.S.C. 18054(a)) is amended to read as follows:

“(6) COVERAGE CONSISTENT WITH FEDERAL ABORTION POLICY.—In entering into contracts under this subsection, the Director shall ensure that no multi-State qualified health plan offered in an Exchange provides health benefits coverage for which the expenditure of Federal funds is prohibited under chapter 4 of title 1, United States Code.”.

(c) Effective date.—The amendments made by subsection (a) shall apply to taxable years ending after December 31, 2025, but only with respect to plan years beginning after such date, and the amendment made by subsection (b) shall apply to plan years beginning after such date.

SEC. 202. Revision of notice requirements regarding disclosure of extent of health plan coverage of abortion and abortion premium surcharges.

(a) In general.—Paragraph (3) of section 1303(b) of Public Law 111–148 (42 U.S.C. 18023(b)) is amended to read as follows:

“(3) RULES RELATING TO NOTICE.—

“(A) IN GENERAL.—The extent of coverage (if any) of services described in paragraph (1)(B)(i) or (1)(B)(ii) by a qualified health plan shall be disclosed to enrollees at the time of enrollment in the plan and shall be prominently displayed in any marketing or advertising materials, comparison tools, or summary of benefits and coverage explanation made available with respect to such plan by the issuer of the plan, by an Exchange, or by the Secretary, including information made available through an Internet portal or Exchange under sections 1311(c)(5) and 1311(d)(4)(C).

“(B) SEPARATE DISCLOSURE OF ABORTION SURCHARGES.—In the case of a qualified health plan that includes the services described in paragraph (1)(B)(i) and where the premium for the plan is disclosed, including in any marketing or advertising materials or any other information referred to in subparagraph (A), the surcharge described in paragraph (2)(B)(i)(II) that is attributable to such services shall also be disclosed and identified separately.”.

(b) Effective date.—The amendment made by subsection (a) shall apply to materials, tools, or other information made available more than 30 days after the date of the enactment of this Act.

H.R.49 – No Pro-Abortion Task Force Act

SEC. 2. Prohibition against use of Federal funds for HHS Reproductive Healthcare Access Task Force.

No Federal funds may be used for—

(1) the HHS Reproductive Healthcare Access Task Force, announced by the Secretary of Health and Human Services on January 21, 2022; or

(2) any successor or substantially similar task force.

1. R. 73 Abortion Is Not Health Care Act of 2025

Summary: This bill excludes amounts paid for an abortion from the itemized tax deduction for qualified medical and dental expenses.

Under current law, individuals who itemize their tax deductions may deduct qualified medical and dental expenses to the extent that such expenses exceed 7.5% of the individual’s adjusted gross income for the tax year. Further, under current law, the calculation of the itemized tax deduction for medical and dental expenses may include amounts paid for a legal abortion.

SEC. 2. Amounts paid for abortion not taken into account in determining deduction for medical expenses.

(a) In general.—Section 213 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection:

“(f) Amounts paid for abortion not taken into account.—An amount paid during the taxable year for an abortion shall not be taken into account under subsection (a).”.

(b) Effective date.—The amendment made by this section shall apply to taxable years beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act.

H.R.78 – Pregnant Women Health and Safety Act of 2025

Summary: This bill establishes requirements for physicians who perform abortions and abortion clinics. Specifically, the bill requires a physician who performs an abortion (1) to have admitting privileges at a nearby hospital; and (2) at the time of the abortion, to notify the patient of the hospital location where the patient can receive follow-up care if complications arise.

A physician who fails to comply is subject to criminal penalties—a fine, a prison term of up to two years, or both. A woman who undergoes an abortion may not be prosecuted.

The bill also requires an abortion clinic, in order to receive federal funds or assistance, to (1) be licensed by the state in which it is located, and (2) be in compliance with federal standards for ambulatory surgical centers.

SEC. 2. Requirement for physicians relating to the performance of abortions.

(a) In general.—Chapter 74 of title 18, United States Code, is amended—

(1) in the chapter heading by striking “Partial-Birth”; and

(2) by inserting after section 1531 the following:

“§ 1532. Prohibition on certain procedures

“(a) Definition.—In this section, the term ‘physician’ means a doctor of medicine or osteopathy legally authorized to practice medicine and surgery by the State in which the doctor performs such activity, or any other individual legally authorized by the State to perform abortions.

“(b) Requirements.—A physician who performs an abortion shall—

“(1) have admitting privileges at a hospital located within 15 miles from the principal medical office of the physician and the location in which the abortion is being performed; and

“(2) at the time of the abortion, notify the patient involved of the hospital location where the patient can receive follow-up care by the physician if complications resulting from the abortion arise.

“(c) Offense.—It shall be unlawful for a physician, in or affecting interstate or foreign commerce, to knowingly perform an abortion and, in doing so, fail to comply with subsection (b).

“(d) Penalty.—Any physician who violates subsection (c) shall be fined under this title, imprisoned not more than 2 years, or both.

“(e) Limitation.—A woman upon whom a procedure described in subsection (c) is performed may not be prosecuted under this section, for a conspiracy to violate this section, or for an offense under section 2, 3, or 4 of this title based on a violation of this section.”.

(b) Technical and conforming amendments.—

(1) CHAPTER 74.—The table of sections for such chapter is amended by inserting after the item relating to section 1531 the following:

“1532. Prohibition on certain procedures.”.

(2) PART I.—The table of chapters for part I of title 18, United States Code, is amended by striking the item relating to chapter 74 and inserting the following:

• “74. Abortions 1531”

SEC. 3. Requirement of abortion clinics.

(a) In general.—Subject to subsection (b), as a condition for receiving any Federal funds or assistance, an abortion clinic shall—

(1) be licensed by the State in which it is located; and

(2) be in compliance with the requirements for ambulatory surgery centers under title XVIII of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395 et seq.), except for any requirement relating to a certificate of public need for State licensing purposes.

(b) Waiver.—For purposes of complying with subsection (a)(2) with respect to an abortion clinic, a State board of health may waive the application of certain structural requirements (as the Secretary of Health and Human Services determines appropriate).

(c) Definition.—In this section, the term “abortion clinic” means a facility, other than a hospital or ambulatory surgery center, in which first, second, or third trimester abortions are performed during any 12-month period.

H.R.599 – Protect Funding for Women’s Health Care Act

SEC. 2. Findings.

Congress finds as follows:

(1) State and county health departments, community health centers, hospitals, physicians’ offices, and other entities currently provide, and will continue to provide, health services to women. Such health services include relevant diagnostic laboratory and radiology services, well-child care, prenatal and postpartum care, immunization, family planning services including contraception, sexually transmitted disease testing, cervical and breast cancer screenings, and referrals.

(2) Many such entities provide services to all persons, regardless of the person’s ability to pay, and provide services in medically underserved areas and to medically underserved populations.

(3) All funds no longer available to Planned Parenthood Federation of America will continue to be made available to other eligible entities to provide women’s health care services.

SEC. 3. Prohibition.

(a) In general.—Notwithstanding any other provision of law, no Federal funds may be made available to Planned Parenthood Federation of America, or to any of its affiliates, subsidiaries, successors, or clinics.

(b) Rules of construction.—Nothing in this Act shall be construed to—

(1) affect any limitation contained in an appropriations Act relating to abortion; or

(2) reduce overall Federal funding available in support of women’s health.

H.R.629 – Ending Chemical Abortions Act of 2025

SEC. 2. Findings.

Congress finds the following:

(1) In 2000, the Food and Drug Administration approved chemical abortion drugs for use in the United States. The agency illegally categorized pregnancy as an illness and asserted chemical abortion drugs provide a meaningful therapeutic benefit.

(2) In 2016, the Food and Drug Administration reduced the number of doctor visits required for administration of chemical abortion drugs from 3 visits to 1 visit. The agency also removed the requirement for both the in-person administration of misoprostol and a subsequent follow-up appointment. At this time, the agency also expanded the availability of inducing a chemical abortion from 7 to 10 weeks.

(3) In 2021, the Food and Drug Administration eliminated the in-person dispensing requirement for chemical abortion drugs, purporting to allow these drugs to be dispensed by mail in violation of longstanding Federal law.

(4) When compared to surgical abortions, chemical abortions are consistently more likely to result in complications that are miscoded as a spontaneous abortion or “miscarriage”.

(5) According to the Guttmacher Institute, the Abortion Industry’s think tank, since 2000, the administration of mifepristone and misoprostol has grown to comprise over 50 percent of all induced abortions in the United States.

(6) There is a four times higher risk of experiencing complications due to a chemical abortion than a surgical abortion.

SEC. 3. Renaming chapter 74 of title 18, United States Code.

The table of chapters for part I of title 18, United States Code, is amended by striking the item related to chapter 74 and inserting the following:

“74. Abortion crimes.”.

SEC. 4. Chemical abortions prohibited.

(a) In general.—Chapter 74 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by inserting after section 1531 the following:

“§ 1532. Chemical abortions

“(a) Prohibition.—Notwithstanding any other provision of law, whoever prescribes, dispenses, distributes, or sells, any drug, medication, or chemical for the purpose of procuring or performing an abortion on any woman, shall be imprisoned for not more than 25 years, fined under this title, or both.

“(b) Exceptions.—Subsection (a) shall not apply to any of the following:

“(1) The sale, use, prescription or administration of any contraceptive agent administered before conception or before pregnancy can be confirmed through conventional testing.

“(2) The treatment of a miscarriage according to medical guidelines as accepted as of the date of the miscarriage.

“(3) In the case where a woman suffers from a physical disorder, physical injury, or physical illness, including a life-endangering physical condition caused by or arising from the pregnancy itself, that would, as certified by a physician, place the woman in danger of death.

“(c) Bar to prosecution.—A woman upon whom a chemical abortion is performed or attempted may not be criminally prosecuted under this section.

“(d) Definitions.—In this section:

“(1) ABORTION.—The term ‘abortion’ means intentionally terminating the pregnancy of a woman known to be pregnant, with an intention other than—

“(A) to produce a live birth;

“(B) to remove a dead unborn child caused by miscarriage; or

“(C) to treat an ectopic or molar pregnancy.

“(2) PREGNANT; PREGNANCY.—The term ‘pregnant’ or ‘pregnancy’ refers to the human female reproductive condition of having a living unborn child within her body throughout the entire embryonic and fetal stages from fertilization to full gestation and childbirth.

“(3) UNBORN CHILD.—The term ‘unborn child’ means an individual organism of the species homo sapiens, beginning at fertilization, until the point of being born alive as defined in section 8(b) of title 1, United States Code.”.

(b) Clerical amendment.—The table of sections for chapter 74 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by inserting after the item relating to section 1531 the following:

“1532. Chemical abortions.”.

H.R.682 – Heartbeat Protection Act of 2025

SEC. 2. Abortions prohibited without a check for fetal heartbeat, or if a fetal heartbeat is detectable.

(a) Abortions prohibited without a check for fetal heartbeat, or if a fetal heartbeat is detectable.—Chapter 74 of title 18, United States Code, is amended—

(1) in the chapter heading, by striking “Partial-Birth”;

(2) by inserting after section 1531 the following:

“§ 1532. Abortions prohibited without a check for fetal heartbeat, or if a fetal heartbeat is detectable

“(a) Offense.—Any physician who knowingly performs an abortion and thereby kills a human unborn child—

“(1) without determining, according to standard medical practice, whether the unborn child has a detectable heartbeat;

“(2) without informing the mother of the results of that determination; or

“(3) after determining, according to standard medical practice, that the unborn child has a detectable heartbeat,

shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than 5 years, or both. This subsection does not apply to an abortion that is necessary to save the life of a mother whose life is endangered by a physical disorder, physical illness, or physical injury, including a life-endangering physical condition caused by or arising from the pregnancy itself, but not including psychological or emotional conditions.

“(b) Exceptions.—Subsection (a) shall not apply if—

“(1) in reasonable medical judgment, the abortion is necessary to save the life of a pregnant woman whose life is endangered by a physical disorder, physical illness, or physical injury, including a life-endangering physical condition caused by or arising from the pregnancy itself, but not including psychological or emotional conditions;

“(2) the pregnancy is the result of rape against an adult woman, and at least 48 hours prior to the abortion—

“(A) she has obtained counseling for the rape; or

“(B) she has obtained medical treatment for the rape or an injury related to the rape; or

“(3) the pregnancy is a result of rape against a minor or incest against a minor, and the rape or incest has been reported at any time prior to the abortion to either—

“(A) a government agency legally authorized to act on reports of child abuse; or

“(B) a law enforcement agency.

“(c) Documentation requirements.—

“(1) DOCUMENTATION PERTAINING TO ADULTS.—A physician who performs or attempts to perform an abortion under an exception provided by subsection (b)(2) shall, prior to performing the abortion, place in the patient medical file documentation from a hospital licensed by the State or operated under authority of a Federal agency, a medical clinic licensed by the State or operated under authority of a Federal agency, from a personal physician licensed by the State, a counselor licensed by the State, or a victim’s rights advocate provided by a law enforcement agency that the adult woman seeking the abortion obtained medical treatment or counseling for the rape or an injury related to the rape.

“(2) DOCUMENTATION PERTAINING TO MINORS.—A physician who performs or attempts to perform an abortion under an exception provided by subsection (b)(3) shall, prior to performing the abortion, place in the patient medical file documentation from a government agency legally authorized to act on reports of child abuse that the rape or incest was reported prior to the abortion; or, as an alternative, documentation from a law enforcement agency that the rape or incest was reported prior to the abortion.

“(d) Requirement for data retention.—Paragraph (j)(2) of section 164.530 of title 45, Code of Federal Regulations, shall apply to documentation required to be placed in a patient’s medical file pursuant to paragraph (6) of such section and a consent form required to be retained in a patient’s medical file pursuant to paragraph (7) of such section in the same manner and to the same extent as such paragraph applies to documentation required by paragraph (j)(1) of such section.

“(e) Additional exceptions and requirements.—

“(1) EXCLUSION OF CERTAIN FACILITIES.—Notwithstanding the definitions set forth in subsection (j), the counseling described in subsection (b)(2)(A) and subsection (c)(1) or medical treatment may not be provided by a facility that performs abortions (unless that facility is a hospital).

“(2) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION IN CASES OF REPORTS TO LAW ENFORCEMENT.—The requirements of subsection (b)(2) do not apply if the rape has been reported at any time prior to the abortion to a law enforcement agency or Department of Defense victim assistance personnel.

“(f) Defendant may seek hearing.—A defendant indicted for an offense under this section may seek a hearing before the State Medical Board on whether the physician’s conduct was necessary to save the life of the mother whose life was endangered by a physical disorder, physical illness, or physical injury, including a life-endangering physical condition caused by or arising from the pregnancy itself, but not including psychological or emotional conditions. The findings on that issue are admissible on that issue at the trial of the defendant. Upon a motion of the defendant, the court shall delay the beginning of the trial for not more than 30 days to permit such a hearing to take place.

“(g) No liability for the mother on whom abortion is performed.—A mother upon whom an abortion is performed may not be prosecuted under this section, for a conspiracy to violate this section, or for an offense under section 2, 3, or 4 of this title based on a violation of this section.

“(h) Requirement for data retention.—The physician shall include in the medical file of the mother documentation of the determination, according to standard medical practice, of whether the unborn child has a detectable heartbeat, the results of that determination, notification of the mother of those results, and any information entered into evidence in any proceedings under subsection (b). Paragraph (j)(2) of section 164.530 of title 45, Code of Federal Regulations, shall apply to such documentation.

“(i) Severability.—If any provision of this section or the application of such provision to any person or circumstance is held to be invalid, the remainder of this section and the application of the provisions of the remainder to any person or circumstance shall not be affected thereby.

“(j) Definitions.—In this section:

“(1) The term ‘counseling’ means counseling provided by a counselor licensed by the State, or a victims rights advocate provided by a law enforcement agency.

“(2) The term ‘medical treatment’ means treatment provided at a hospital licensed by the State or operated under authority of a Federal agency, at a medical clinic licensed by the State or operated under authority of a Federal agency, or from a personal physician licensed by the State.

“(3) The term ‘abortion’ means the use or prescription of any instrument, medicine, drug, or any other substance or device—

“(A) to intentionally kill the unborn child of a woman known to be pregnant; or

“(B) to intentionally terminate the pregnancy of a woman known to be pregnant, with an intention other than—

“(i) after viability to produce a live birth and preserve the life and health of the child born alive; or

“(ii) to remove a dead unborn child.

“(4) The term ‘attempt’, with respect to an abortion, means conduct that, under the circumstances as the actor believes them to be, constitutes a substantial step in a course of conduct planned to culminate in performing an abortion.

“(5) The term ‘facility’ means any medical or counseling group, center or clinic and includes the entire legal entity, including any entity that controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with such facility.

“(6) The term ‘perform’, with respect to an abortion, includes inducing an abortion through a medical or chemical intervention including writing a prescription for a drug or device intended to result in an abortion.

“(7) The term ‘physician’ means a person licensed to practice medicine and surgery or osteopathic medicine and surgery, or otherwise legally authorized to perform an abortion.

“(8) The term ‘reasonable medical judgment’ means a medical judgment that would be made by a reasonably prudent physician, knowledgeable about the case and the treatment possibilities with respect to the medical conditions involved.

“(9) The term ‘unborn child’ means an individual organism of the species homo sapiens, beginning at fertilization, until the point of being born alive as defined in section 8(b) of title 1.

“(10) The term ‘woman’ means a female human being whether or not she has reached the age of majority.

“(k) Rules of construction.—

“(1) GREATER PROTECTIONS.—Nothing in this section may be construed to pre-empt or limit any Federal, State, or local law that provides greater protections for an unborn child than those provided in this section.

“(2) CREATION OF RECOGNITION OF RIGHT.—Nothing in this section may be construed to create or recognize a right to abortion or to make lawful an abortion that is unlawful on the effective date of this section.”; and

(3) in the table of sections, by inserting after the item pertaining to section 1841 the following:

“1532. Abortions prohibited without a check for fetal heartbeat, or if a fetal heartbeat is detectable.”.

(b) Clerical amendment.—The table of chapters for part I of title 18, United States Code, is amended, in the item relating to chapter 74, to read as follows:

• “74. Abortions 1531”.

H.R.685 – SAVE Moms and Babies Act of 2025

To amend the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act to prohibit the approval of new abortion drugs, to prohibit investigational use exemptions for abortion drugs, and to impose additional regulatory requirements with respect to previously approved abortion drugs, and for other purposes.

SEC. 2. Abortion drugs prohibited.

(a) In general.—Section 505 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 355) (as amended by Public Law 117–328) is amended by adding at the end the following:

“(aa) Abortion drugs.—

“(1) PROHIBITIONS.—The Secretary shall not approve—

“(A) any application submitted under subsection (b) or (j) for marketing an abortion drug; or

“(B) grant an investigational use exemption under subsection (i) for—

“(i) an abortion drug; or

“(ii) any investigation in which the unborn child of a woman known to be pregnant is knowingly destroyed.

“(2) PREVIOUSLY APPROVED ABORTION DRUGS.—If an approval described in paragraph (1) is in effect for an abortion drug as of the date of enactment of the Support And Value Expectant Moms and Babies Act of 2025, the Secretary shall—

“(A) not approve any labeling change—

“(i) to approve the use of such abortion drug after 70 days gestation; or

“(ii) to approve the dispensing of such abortion drug by any means other than in-person administration by the prescribing health care practitioner;

“(B) treat such abortion drug as subject to section 503(b)(1); and

“(C) require such abortion drug to be subject to a risk evaluation and mitigation strategy under section 505–1 that at a minimum—

“(i) requires health care practitioners who prescribe such abortion drug—

“(I) to be certified in accordance with the strategy; and

“(II) to not be acting in their capacity as a pharmacist;

“(ii) as part of the certification process referred to in clause (i), requires such practitioners—

“(I) to have the ability to assess the duration of pregnancy accurately;

“(II) to have the ability to diagnose ectopic pregnancies;

“(III) to have the ability to provide surgical intervention in cases of incomplete abortion or severe bleeding;

“(IV) to have the ability to ensure patient access to medical facilities equipped to provide blood transfusions and resuscitation, if necessary; and

“(V) to report any deaths or other adverse events associated with the use of such abortion drug to the Food and Drug Administration and to the manufacturer of such abortion drug, identifying the patient by a non-identifiable reference and the serial number from each package of such abortion drug;

“(iii) limits the dispensing of such abortion drug to patients—

“(I) in a clinic, medical office, or hospital by means of in-person administration by the prescribing health care practitioner; and

“(II) not in pharmacies or any setting other than the health care settings described in subclause (I);

“(iv) requires the prescribing health care practitioner to give to the patient documentation on any risk of serious complications associated with use of such abortion drug and receive acknowledgment of such receipt from the patient;

“(v) requires all known adverse events associated with such abortion drug to be reported, excluding any individually identifiable patient information, to the Food and Drug Administration by the—

“(I) manufacturers of such abortion drug; and

“(II) prescribers of such abortion drug; and

“(vi) requires reporting of administration of the abortion drug as required by State law, or in the absence of a State law regarding such reporting, in the same manner as a surgical abortion.

“(3) REPORTING ON ADVERSE EVENTS BY OTHER HEALTH CARE PRACTITIONERS.—The Secretary shall require all other health care practitioners to report to the Food and Drug Administration any adverse events experienced by their patients that are connected to use of an abortion drug, excluding any individually identifiable patient information.

“(4) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—Nothing in this section shall be construed to restrict the authority of the Federal Government, or of a State, to establish, implement, and enforce requirements and restrictions with respect to abortion drugs under provisions of law other than this section that are in addition to the requirements and restrictions under this section.

“(5) DEFINITIONS.—In this section:

“(A) The term ‘abortion drug’ means any drug, substance, or combination of drugs or substances that is intended for use or that is in fact used (irrespective of how the product is labeled) to intentionally kill the unborn child of a woman known to be pregnant, or to intentionally terminate the pregnancy of a woman known to be pregnant, with an intention other than—

“(i) to produce a live birth;

“(ii) to remove a dead unborn child; or

“(iii) to treat an ectopic pregnancy.

“(B) The term ‘adverse event’ includes each of the following:

“(i) A fatality.

“(ii) An ectopic pregnancy.

“(iii) A hospitalization.

“(iv) A blood loss requiring a transfusion.

“(v) An infection, including endometritis, pelvic inflammatory disease, and pelvic infections with sepsis.

“(vi) A severe infection.

“(C) The term ‘gestation’ means the period of days beginning on the first day of the last menstrual period.

“(D) The term ‘health care practitioner’ means any individual who is licensed, registered, or otherwise permitted, by the United States or the jurisdiction in which the individual practices, to prescribe drugs subject to section 503(b)(1).

“(E) The term ‘unborn child’ means an individual organism of the species homo sapiens, beginning at fertilization, until the point of being born alive as defined in section 8(b) of title 1, United States Code.”.

(b) Ongoing investigational use.—In the case of any investigational use of a drug pursuant to an investigational use exemption under section 505(i) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 355(i)) that was granted before the date of enactment of this Act, such exemption is deemed to be rescinded as of the day that is 3 years after the date of enactment of this Act if the Secretary would be prohibited by section 505(aa)(1)(B) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, as added by subsection (a), from granting such exemption as of such day.

H.R.722 – To implement equal protection under the 14th article of amendment to the Constitution for the right to life of each born and preborn human person.

Text not available

H.R.729 – Teleabortion Prevention Act of 2025

To prohibit chemical abortions performed without the presence of a healthcare provider, and for other purposes.

SEC. 2. Chemical abortions prohibited without a healthcare provider present.

(a) Chemical abortions prohibited without a physician present.—Chapter 74 of title 18, United States Code, is amended—

(1) in the chapter heading by striking “Partial-Birth”; and

(2) by inserting after section 1531 the following:

“§ 1532. Chemical abortions prohibited without a healthcare provider physically present

“(a) Offense.—Any healthcare provider who, in or affecting interstate or foreign commerce, who knowingly provides or attempts to provide a chemical abortion—

“(1) without physically examining the patient;

“(2) without being physically present at the location of the chemical abortion; and

“(3) without scheduling a follow-up visit for the patient to occur not more than 14 days after the administration or use of the drug to assess the patient’s physical condition,

shall be fined not more than $1,000 or imprisoned not more than 2 years, or both. This subsection does not apply to a chemical abortion that is necessary to save the life of a mother whose life is endangered by a physical disorder, physical illness, or physical injury, including a life-endangering physical condition caused by or arising from the pregnancy itself.

“(b) No liability of the patient.—A patient upon whom an abortion is performed may not be prosecuted under this section or for a conspiracy to violate this section.

“(c) Definitions.—In this section:

“(1) ABORTION DRUG.—The term ‘abortion drug’ means any medicine, drug or any other substance, or any combination of drugs, medicines or substances, when it is used—

“(A) to intentionally kill the unborn child of a woman known to be pregnant; or

“(B) to intentionally terminate the pregnancy of a woman known to be pregnant, with an intention other than—

“(i) to produce a live birth; or

“(ii) to remove a dead unborn child.

“(2) ATTEMPTS TO PROVIDE.—In this section, the term ‘attempts to provide’, means conduct that, under the circumstances as the actor believes them to be, constitutes a substantial step in a course of conduct planned to culminate in a chemical abortion.

“(3) HEALTHCARE PROVIDER.—The term ‘healthcare provider’ means any person licensed to prescribe prescription drugs under applicable Federal and State laws.

“(4) PROVIDE.—In this section, the term ‘provide’, means to dispense or prescribe an abortion drug, or to otherwise make an abortion drug available to a patient.

“(5) CHEMICAL ABORTION.—The term ‘chemical abortion’ refers to the use of an abortion drug to—

“(A) intentionally kill the unborn child of a woman known to be pregnant; or

“(B) intentionally terminate the pregnancy of a woman known to be pregnant, with an intention other than—

“(i) to produce a live birth; or

“(ii) to remove a dead unborn child.

“(6) UNBORN CHILD.—The term ‘unborn child’ means an individual organism of the species homo sapiens, beginning at fertilization, until the point of being born alive as defined in section 8(b).

“(d) Rule of construction regarding ectopic pregnancy.—Nothing in this section shall be construed to have any impact on the treatment of a verified ectopic pregnancy.

“(e) Severability.—If any provision of this section or the application of such provision to any person or circumstance is held to be invalid, the remainder of this section and the application of the provisions of the remainder to any person or circumstance shall not be affected thereby.”.

(b) Clerical amendments.—

(1) CHAPTER 74.—The table of sections for such chapter is amended by inserting after the item relating to section 1531 the following:

“1532. Chemical abortions prohibited without a healthcare provider physically present.”.

(2) PART I.—The table of chapters for part I of title 18, United States Code, is amended by striking the item relating to chapter 74, and inserting the following:

• “74. Abortions 1531”.

H.R.796 – Second Chance for Moms Act

To amend the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act to require a warning label advising that the effects of mifepristone can be counteracted, to amend the Public Health Service Act to establish a hotline to provide information to women seeking to counteract the effects of mifepristone, and for other purposes.

SEC. 2. Mifepristone warning label and hotline.

(a) Warning label.—

(1) IN GENERAL.—Section 502 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 352) is amended by adding at the end the following:

“(hh) If it is the drug mifepristone, and its labeling does not bear the following statement printed in conspicuous text: ‘WARNING: Medical evidence suggests that the abortifacient effects of mifepristone can be counteracted by natural progesterone, which can increase the chance of fetal survival. The American Society for Reproductive Medicine has determined that natural progesterone is safe in the first trimester of pregnancy. For more information, call [___].’ (with the blank filled in to refer to the appropriate number for the hotline under section 1009 of the Public Health Service Act).”.

(2) EFFECTIVE DATE.—Section 502(hh) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (as added by paragraph (1)) applies beginning on the date that is 6 months after the date of enactment of this Act.

(b) Hotline.—Title X of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 300 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:

“SEC. 1009. Hotline for reversal of effects of mifepristone.

“(a) In general.—The Secretary shall establish or maintain, directly or by grant or contract, a toll-free hotline to provide support for 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, for women seeking to reverse the effects of the drug mifepristone.

“(b) Referrals to APR providers only.—A referral through the hotline described in subsection (a) may only be made to a health care provider that provides abortion pill reversal services.”.

H.R.797 – Ultrasounds Save Lives Act of 2025

To ensure that women seeking an abortion are notified, before giving informed consent to receive an abortion, of the medical risks associated with the abortion procedure and the major developmental characteristics of the unborn child.

SEC. 2. Requirement of informed consent.

(a) In general.—

(1) REQUIREMENT OF COMPLIANCE BY PROVIDERS.—Any abortion provider, acting in or affecting interstate or foreign commerce, who knowingly performs, or attempts to perform, any abortion shall comply with the requirements of this section.

(2) REVIEW OF MEDICAL RISKS AND UNBORN HEALTH STATUS.—Except in the case of a medical emergency, an abortion provider who intends to perform, or attempt to perform, an abortion may not perform any part of the abortion procedure without first—

(A) performing an ultrasound on the woman seeking the abortion, using whichever method the physician and patient agree is best under the circumstance, and sharing the results of such ultrasound with the woman; and

(B) obtaining a signed Informed Consent Authorization form in accordance with this subsection.

(3) INFORMED CONSENT AUTHORIZATION FORM.—

(A) IN GENERAL.—The Informed Consent Authorization form required under this subsection shall—

(i) be presented in person by the abortion provider 24 hours prior to performing, or attempting to perform, the abortion to the woman seeking the abortion; and

(ii) consist of—

(I) a statement by the abortion provider indicating—

(aa) the probable gestational age, in completed days, of the child;

(bb) all medical risks associated with abortion-inducing drugs or the specific abortion procedure; and

(cc) the major developmental characteristics of unborn children at such gestational age, including the presence of a heartbeat, the ability to react to painful stimuli, and the development of organs, appendages, and facial features;

(II) a statement by the abortion provider that an ultrasound has been performed, and the results of such ultrasound have been shared, as required by paragraph (2)(A);

(III) a statement that the requirements of this subsection are binding upon the abortion provider and all other medical personnel, that such abortion providers and medical personnel are subject to criminal and civil penalties for violations of these requirements, and that a woman on whom an abortion has been performed may take civil action if these requirements are not followed; and

(IV) an affirmation that each individual signing the Informed Consent Authorization form has filled out the form to the best of his or her knowledge and understands the information contained in the form.

(B) SIGNATORIES REQUIRED.—The Informed Consent Authorization form required under this subsection shall be signed in person by the woman seeking the abortion, the abortion provider performing or attempting to perform the abortion, and a witness.

(C) RETENTION OF CONSENT FORM.—The abortion provider performing or attempting to perform an abortion shall retain the signed Informed Consent Authorization form required under this subsection in the patient’s medical file.

(D) REQUIREMENT FOR DATA RETENTION.—Paragraph (j)(2) of section 164.530 of title 45, Code of Federal Regulations, shall apply to the Informed Consent Authorization form required to be placed in a patient’s medical file pursuant to subparagraph (C) in the same manner and to the same extent as such paragraph applies to documentation required by paragraph (j)(1) of such section.

(4) EXCEPTIONS.—The requirements of this subsection shall not apply if, in reasonable medical judgment, compliance with paragraph (2) would pose a greater risk of—

(A) the death of the pregnant woman; or

(B) the substantial and irreversible physical impairment of a major bodily function, not including psychological or emotional conditions, of the pregnant woman.

(b) Penalty for failure To comply.—

(1) CIVIL PENALTY.—

(A) ENFORCEMENT BY ATTORNEY GENERAL.—The Attorney General shall commence a civil action in an appropriate district court of the United States under this subsection against any abortion provider who knowingly commits a violation of subsection (a).

(B) PENALTY.—In a civil action under subparagraph (A), the court may, to vindicate the public interest, assess a civil penalty against the abortion provider in an amount—

(i) not less than $100,000 and not more than $150,000, for each such violation that is adjudicated in the first proceeding against such abortion provider under this subsection; or

(ii) not less than $150,001 and not more than $250,000, for each such violation that is adjudicated in a subsequent proceeding against such abortion provider under this subsection.

(C) NOTIFICATION.—Upon the assessment of a civil penalty under subparagraph (B), the Attorney General shall notify the appropriate State medical licensing authority.

(D) NO PENALTIES FOR PREGNANT WOMEN.—A pregnant woman shall not be subject to any penalty under this section.

(2) PRIVATE RIGHT OF ACTION.—

(A) IN GENERAL.—A woman or a parent of a minor upon whom an abortion has been performed in violation of subsection (a) may commence a civil action against the abortion provider for appropriate relief.

(B) APPROPRIATE RELIEF.—

(i) IN GENERAL.—Subject to clause (ii), appropriate relief in a civil action under this paragraph includes—

(I) objectively verifiable money damages for all injuries, psychological and physical, occasioned by the violation;

(II) statutory damages equal to 3 times the cost of the abortion; and

(III) punitive damages.

(ii) EXCEPTION.—No damages may be awarded to a plaintiff in a civil action under this paragraph if the pregnancy in relation to which an abortion was performed in violation of subsection (a) resulted from the plaintiff’s criminal conduct.

(C) ATTORNEY’S FEES FOR PLAINTIFF.—The court shall award a reasonable attorney’s fee as part of the costs to a prevailing plaintiff in a civil action under this paragraph.

(D) ATTORNEY’S FEES FOR DEFENDANT.—If a defendant in a civil action under this paragraph prevails and the court finds that the plaintiff’s suit was frivolous, the court shall award a reasonable attorney’s fee in favor of the defendant against the plaintiff.

(E) AWARDS AGAINST WOMAN.—In any civil action under this paragraph, no damages or other monetary relief, and no attorney’s fees except as provided under subparagraph (D), may be assessed against the woman upon whom the abortion was performed or attempted.

(c) Preemption.—Nothing in this section shall be construed to preempt any provision of State law to the extent that such State law establishes, implements, or continues in effect disclosure requirements regarding abortion or penalties for failure to comply with such requirements that are more extensive than those provided under this section.

(d) Rule of construction.—Nothing in this section shall be construed to prohibit an abortion provider from presenting the information required under subsection (a) to a pregnant woman at the same time as acquiring informed consent for an abortion from such woman in accordance with State law, provided that the presentation of such information occurs at least 24 hours before the abortion.

(e) Definitions.—In this section:

(1) ABORTION.—The term “abortion” means the use or prescription of any instrument, medicine, drug, or any other substance or device—

(A) to intentionally kill the unborn child of a woman known to be pregnant; or

(B) to intentionally terminate the pregnancy of a woman known to be pregnant, with an intention other than—

(i) after viability to produce a live birth and preserve the life and health of the child born alive; or

(ii) to remove a dead unborn child.

(2) ABORTION PROVIDER.—The term “abortion provider” means a person—

(A) licensed to practice medicine and surgery or osteopathic medicine and surgery; or

(B) otherwise legally authorized to perform an abortion.

(3) ATTEMPT.—The term “attempt”, with respect to an abortion, means conduct that, under the circumstances as the actor believes them to be, constitutes a substantial step in a course of conduct planned to culminate in performing an abortion.

(4) MINOR.—The term “minor” means an individual who has not attained the age of 18 years.

(5) PERFORM.—The term “perform”, with respect to an abortion, includes inducing an abortion through a medical or chemical intervention including writing a prescription for a drug or device intended to result in an abortion.

(6) REASONABLE MEDICAL JUDGMENT.—The term “reasonable medical judgment” means a medical judgment that would be made by a reasonably prudent abortion provider, knowledgeable about the case and the treatment possibilities with respect to the medical conditions involved.

(7) UNBORN CHILD.—The term “unborn child” means an individual organism of the species homo sapiens, beginning at fertilization, until the point of being born alive as defined in section 8(b) of title 1, United States Code.

(8) WOMAN.—The term “woman” means a female human being whether or not she has reached the age of majority.

H.R.798 – Dignity for Aborted Children Act

To protect the dignity of fetal remains, and for other purposes.

SEC. 2. Constitutional authority.

Congress enacts the following pursuant to Congress’ power under—

(1) the Interstate Commerce Clause of section 8 of article I of the Constitution;

(2) section 5 of the 14th Amendment to the Constitution of the United States, including the power to enforce the prohibition on government action denying equal protection of the laws; and

(3) section 8 of article I of the Constitution of the United States to make all laws necessary and proper for the carrying into execution of powers vested by the Constitution in the Government of the United States.

SEC. 3. Protection of fetal remains.

(a) In general.—Part H of title IV of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 289 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:

“SEC. 498F. Protection of fetal remains.

“(a) Consent requirement.—

“(1) IN GENERAL.—Any abortion provider, after performing an abortion, shall provide the patient with an informed consent form, offering the patient the following options for disposal of the human fetal tissue from the abortion:

“(A) The patient may take possession of the human fetal tissue and may choose to transfer the tissue to an entity providing interment or cremation services.

“(B) The patient may elect to release the human fetal tissue to the abortion provider, who shall be subject to the requirements of subsection (b).

“(2) CONSENT REQUIREMENTS.—An abortion provider described in paragraph (1) shall—

“(A) obtain a patient signature on each consent form required under paragraph (1); and

“(B) retain each such form in the patient’s file.

“(b) Provider disposal requirement.—It shall be unlawful for any abortion provider who, after performing an abortion in which the woman on whom the abortion was performed elects, pursuant to subsection (a)(1)(B), to release the human fetal tissue to the abortion provider, to fail to provide for the final disposition of the human fetal tissue through interment or cremation, consistent with State law regarding the disposal of human remains, not later than 7 days after the date on which the abortion procedure was performed. Such final disposition of human fetal tissue may be carried out through interment or cremation of tissue from more than one abortion procedure collectively.

“(c) Penalties.—

“(1) INFORMED CONSENT VIOLATIONS.—An abortion provider who fails to maintain the documentation required under subsection (a)(2)(B) shall be subject to civil monetary penalties in an amount not to exceed $50,000.

“(2) DISPOSAL VIOLATIONS.—Any abortion provider who violates subsection (b) shall be fined in accordance with title 18, United States Code, imprisoned not more than 5 years, or both.

“(3) BAR TO PROSECUTION.—A patient upon whom an abortion in violation of subsection (b) is performed or attempted may not be prosecuted under, or for a conspiracy to violate, paragraph (1), or for an offense under section 2, 3, or 4 of title 18, United States Code, based on such a violation.

“(d) Reporting.—Each abortion provider described in subsection (a)(1) shall submit annual reports to the Secretary indicating, with respect to the reporting period—

“(1) the aggregate number of abortion procedures performed by such abortion provider;

“(2) the gestational age at the time of each such procedure; and

“(3) for abortions carried out using an abortion method other than chemical abortion, the aggregate number of fetal remains transferred for interment or cremation and the number released to patients.

“(e) Annual reports by the Secretary.—The Secretary shall submit to Congress an annual report on the number of abortions by State, procedure type, and method of disposal of human fetal tissue.

“(f) Non-Preemption.—Nothing in this section shall preempt any State requirement that, at a minimum, requires interment or cremation in the same manner that other human remains are required to be treated in such State.

“(g) Definitions.—In this section—

“(1) the term ‘abortion’ means the use or prescription of any instrument, medicine, drug, or any other substance or device—

“(A) to intentionally kill the unborn child of a woman known to be pregnant; or

“(B) to intentionally terminate the pregnancy of a woman known to be pregnant, with an intention other than—

“(i) after viability to produce a live birth and preserve the life and health of the child born alive; or

“(ii) to remove a dead unborn child;

“(2) the term ‘abortion provider’ means an individual or entity that performs abortions; and

“(3) the term ‘human fetal tissue’ has the meaning given the term in section 498A(g).”.

H.R.799 – Parental Notification and Intervention Act of 2025

To provide for parental notification and intervention in the case of an unemancipated minor seeking an abortion.

SEC. 2. Parental notification.

(a) In general.—It shall be unlawful for any person or organization in or affecting interstate or foreign commerce or who solicits or accepts Federal funds to perform any abortion on an unemancipated minor under the age of 18, to permit the facilities of the person or organization to be used to perform any abortion on such a minor, or to assist in the performance of any abortion on such a minor if the person or organization has failed to comply with all of the following requirements:

(1) The provision of written notification to the parents (as defined in subsection (e)) of the minor informing the parents that an abortion has been requested for the minor, except that such notification is not required for a parent if the physician is presented with documentation showing with a reasonable degree of certainty that a court of record in the minor’s State of residence has waived any parental notification. The court of record shall not waive any parental notification requirement unless there is clear and convincing evidence of physical abuse of the minor by such parent.

(2) Compliance with a 96-hour waiting period after notice has been received by the parents.

(3) Compliance with any injunction granted under section 3 relating to the abortion.

(b) Fine for violation.—Whoever willfully violates subsection (a) shall be fined not more than $100,000 or imprisoned not more than one year, or both, for each violation.

(c) Exception.—Subsection (a) shall not apply with respect to an unemancipated minor for whom an abortion is sought if a physician (other than the physician with principal responsibility for making the decision to perform the abortion) makes a determination that—

(1) a medical emergency exists which, with reasonable medical certainty, so complicates the medical condition of the minor that the death of the minor would result from the failure to immediately treat her physical condition even though the treatment may result in the death of her unborn child;

(2) parental notification is not possible as a result of the medical emergency; and

(3) certifications regarding compliance with paragraphs (1) and (2) have been entered in the medical records of the minor, together with the reasons upon which the determinations are based, including a statement of relevant clinical findings.

(d) Parental notification requirements.—For purposes of this section, any parental notification provided to comply with the provisions of subsection (a) for a parent shall be—

(1) delivered personally to the parent; or

(2) provided through certified mail in accordance with all of the following procedures:

(A) The certified mail is addressed to the parent.

(B) The address used is the dwelling or usual place of abode of the parent.

(C) A return receipt is requested.

(D) The delivery is restricted to the parent.

(e) Parent defined To include legal guardian.—For purposes of this Act, the term “parent” includes, with respect to an unemancipated minor, any legal guardian of the minor.

SEC. 3. Parental intervention.

Any parent required to be notified pursuant to section 2 regarding an abortion of an unemancipated minor may bring an action in the Federal district court where the parent resides or where the unemancipated minor is located to enjoin the performance of the abortion. The court shall issue a temporary injunction barring the performance of the abortion until the issue has been adjudicated and the judgment is final. The court shall issue relief permanently enjoining the abortion unless the court determines that granting such relief would be unlawful.

SEC. 4. Preemption.

Nothing in this Act shall be construed to preempt any provision of State law to the extent that such State law establishes, implements, or continues in effect greater parental notification requirements or intervention rights regarding abortion than those provided under this Act.

SEC. 5. Effective date and severability.

(a) Effective date.—The provisions of this Act shall take effect upon its enactment.

(b) Severability.—The provisions of this Act shall be severable. If any provision of this Act, or any application thereof, is found unconstitutional, that finding shall not affect any provision or application of the Act not so adjudicated.

H.R.895 – To amend title 18, United States Code, to require the Attorney General to investigate alleged violations of the partial birth abortion ban.

H.R.1349 – To amend title XI of the Social Security Act to exclude providers of certain abortion services from participation in the Medicare program.

H. R. 7 No Taxpayer Funding for Abortion and Abortion Insurance Full Disclosure Act of 2025

Summary: This bill modifies provisions relating to federal funding for, and health insurance coverage of, abortions.

Specifically, the bill prohibits the use of federal funds for abortions or for health coverage that includes abortions. Additionally, abortions may not be provided in a federal health care facility or by a federal employee.

Historically, language has been included in annual appropriations bills for the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) that prohibits the use of federal funds for abortions—such language is commonly referred to as the Hyde Amendment. Similar language is also frequently included in appropriations bills for other federal agencies and the District of Columbia. The bill makes these restrictions permanent and extends the restrictions to all federal funds (rather than specific agencies).

The bill’s restrictions regarding the use of federal funds do not apply in cases of rape, incest, or where a physical disorder, injury, or illness endangers a woman’s life unless an abortion is performed. The Hyde Amendment provides the same exceptions.

The bill also prohibits qualified health plans from including coverage for abortions. Currently, qualified health plans may cover abortion, but the portion of the premium attributable to abortion coverage is not eligible for subsidies.

SECTION 1. table of contents.

(b) Table of contents.
Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.

TITLE I—PROHIBITING FEDERALLY FUNDED ABORTIONS

Sec. 101. Prohibiting taxpayer funded abortions.
Sec. 102. Amendment to table of chapters.

TITLE II—APPLICATION UNDER THE AFFORDABLE CARE ACT

Sec. 201. Clarifying application of prohibition to premium credits and cost-sharing reductions under ACA.
Sec. 202. Revision of notice requirements regarding disclosure of extent of health plan coverage of abortion and abortion premium surcharges.

TITLE I—Prohibiting Federally Funded Abortions

SEC. 101. Prohibiting taxpayer funded abortions.

Title 1, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following new chapter:

“CHAPTER 4—PROHIBITING TAXPAYER FUNDED ABORTIONS

“301. Prohibition on funding for abortions.
“302. Prohibition on funding for health benefits plans that cover abortion.
“303. Limitation on Federal facilities and employees.
“304. Construction relating to separate coverage.
“305. Construction relating to the use of non-Federal funds for health coverage.
“306. Non-preemption of other Federal laws.
“307. Construction relating to complications arising from abortion.
“308. Treatment of abortions related to rape, incest, or preserving the life of the mother.
“309. Application to District of Columbia.

“§ 301. Prohibition on funding for abortions

“No funds authorized or appropriated by Federal law, and none of the funds in any trust fund to which funds are authorized or appropriated by Federal law, shall be expended for any abortion.

“§ 302. Prohibition on funding for health benefits plans that cover abortion

“None of the funds authorized or appropriated by Federal law, and none of the funds in any trust fund to which funds are authorized or appropriated by Federal law, shall be expended for health benefits coverage that includes coverage of abortion.

“§ 303. Limitation on Federal facilities and employees

“No health care service furnished—

“(1) by or in a health care facility owned or operated by the Federal Government; or

“(2) by any physician or other individual employed by the Federal Government to provide health care services within the scope of the physician’s or individual’s employment,

may include abortion.

“§ 304. Construction relating to separate coverage

“Nothing in this chapter shall be construed as prohibiting any individual, entity, or State or locality from purchasing separate abortion coverage or health benefits coverage that includes abortion so long as such coverage is paid for entirely using only funds not authorized or appropriated by Federal law and such coverage shall not be purchased using matching funds required for a federally subsidized program, including a State’s or locality’s contribution of Medicaid matching funds.

“§ 305. Construction relating to the use of non-Federal funds for health coverage

“Nothing in this chapter shall be construed as restricting the ability of any non-Federal health benefits coverage provider from offering abortion coverage, or the ability of a State or locality to contract separately with such a provider for such coverage, so long as only funds not authorized or appropriated by Federal law are used and such coverage shall not be purchased using matching funds required for a federally subsidized program, including a State’s or locality’s contribution of Medicaid matching funds.

“§ 306. Non-preemption of other Federal laws

“Nothing in this chapter shall repeal, amend, or have any effect on any other Federal law to the extent such law imposes any limitation on the use of funds for abortion or for health benefits coverage that includes coverage of abortion, beyond the limitations set forth in this chapter.

“§ 307. Construction relating to complications arising from abortion

“Nothing in this chapter shall be construed to apply to the treatment of any infection, injury, disease, or disorder that has been caused by or exacerbated by the performance of an abortion. This rule of construction shall be applicable without regard to whether the abortion was performed in accord with Federal or State law, and without regard to whether funding for the abortion is permissible under section 308.

“§ 308. Treatment of abortions related to rape, incest, or preserving the life of the mother

“The limitations established in sections 301, 302, and 303 shall not apply to an abortion—

“(1) if the pregnancy is the result of an act of rape or incest; or

“(2) in the case where a woman suffers from a physical disorder, physical injury, or physical illness that would, as certified by a physician, place the woman in danger of death unless an abortion is performed, including a life-endangering physical condition caused by or arising from the pregnancy itself.

“§ 309. Application to District of Columbia

“(1) Any reference to funds appropriated by Federal law shall be treated as including any amounts within the budget of the District of Columbia that have been approved by an Act of Congress pursuant to section 446 of the District of Columbia Home Rule Act (or any applicable successor Federal law).

“(2) The term ‘Federal Government’ includes the Government of the District of Columbia.”.

SEC. 102. Amendment to table of chapters.

The table of chapters for title 1, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following new item:

• “4. Prohibiting taxpayer funded abortions 301”.

TITLE II—Application under the Affordable Care Act

SEC. 201. Clarifying application of prohibition to premium credits and cost-sharing reductions under ACA.

(a) In general.—

(1) DISALLOWANCE OF REFUNDABLE CREDIT AND COST-SHARING REDUCTIONS FOR COVERAGE UNDER QUALIFIED HEALTH PLAN WHICH PROVIDES COVERAGE FOR ABORTION.—

(A) IN GENERAL.—Subparagraph (A) of section 36B(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by inserting before the period at the end the following: “or any health plan that includes coverage for abortions (other than any abortion or treatment described in section 307 or 308 of title 1, United States Code)”.

(B) OPTION TO PURCHASE OR OFFER SEPARATE COVERAGE OR PLAN.—Paragraph (3) of section 36B(c) of such Code is amended by adding at the end the following new subparagraph:

“(C) SEPARATE ABORTION COVERAGE OR PLAN ALLOWED.—

“(i) OPTION TO PURCHASE SEPARATE COVERAGE OR PLAN.—Nothing in subparagraph (A) shall be construed as prohibiting any individual from purchasing separate coverage for abortions described in such subparagraph, or a health plan that includes such abortions, so long as no credit is allowed under this section with respect to the premiums for such coverage or plan.

“(ii) OPTION TO OFFER COVERAGE OR PLAN.—Nothing in subparagraph (A) shall restrict any non-Federal health insurance issuer offering a health plan from offering separate coverage for abortions described in such subparagraph, or a plan that includes such abortions, so long as premiums for such separate coverage or plan are not paid for with any amount attributable to the credit allowed under this section (or the amount of any advance payment of the credit under section 1412 of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act).”.

(2) DISALLOWANCE OF SMALL EMPLOYER HEALTH INSURANCE EXPENSE CREDIT FOR PLAN WHICH INCLUDES COVERAGE FOR ABORTION.—Subsection (h) of section 45R of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended—

(A) by striking “Any term” and inserting the following:

“(1) IN GENERAL.—Any term”; and

(B) by adding at the end the following new paragraph:

“(2) EXCLUSION OF HEALTH PLANS INCLUDING COVERAGE FOR ABORTION.—

“(A) IN GENERAL.—The term ‘qualified health plan’ does not include any health plan that includes coverage for abortions (other than any abortion or treatment described in section 307 or 308 of title 1, United States Code).

“(B) SEPARATE ABORTION COVERAGE OR PLAN ALLOWED.—

“(i) OPTION TO PURCHASE SEPARATE COVERAGE OR PLAN.—Nothing in subparagraph (A) shall be construed as prohibiting any employer from purchasing for its employees separate coverage for abortions described in such subparagraph, or a health plan that includes such abortions, so long as no credit is allowed under this section with respect to the employer contributions for such coverage or plan.

“(ii) OPTION TO OFFER COVERAGE OR PLAN.—Nothing in subparagraph (A) shall restrict any non-Federal health insurance issuer offering a health plan from offering separate coverage for abortions described in such subparagraph, or a plan that includes such abortions, so long as such separate coverage or plan is not paid for with any employer contribution eligible for the credit allowed under this section.”.

(3) CONFORMING ACA AMENDMENTS.—Section 1303(b) of Public Law 111–148 (42 U.S.C. 18023(b)) is amended—

(A) by striking paragraph (2);

(B) by striking paragraph (3), as amended by section 202(a); and

(C) by redesignating paragraph (4) as paragraph (2).

(b) Application to multi-State plans.—Paragraph (6) of section 1334(a) of Public Law 111–148 (42 U.S.C. 18054(a)) is amended to read as follows:

“(6) COVERAGE CONSISTENT WITH FEDERAL ABORTION POLICY.—In entering into contracts under this subsection, the Director shall ensure that no multi-State qualified health plan offered in an Exchange provides health benefits coverage for which the expenditure of Federal funds is prohibited under chapter 4 of title 1, United States Code.”.

(c) Effective date.—The amendments made by subsection (a) shall apply to taxable years ending after December 31, 2025, but only with respect to plan years beginning after such date, and the amendment made by subsection (b) shall apply to plan years beginning after such date.

SEC. 202. Revision of notice requirements regarding disclosure of extent of health plan coverage of abortion and abortion premium surcharges.

(a) In general.—Paragraph (3) of section 1303(b) of Public Law 111–148 (42 U.S.C. 18023(b)) is amended to read as follows:

“(3) RULES RELATING TO NOTICE.—

“(A) IN GENERAL.—The extent of coverage (if any) of services described in paragraph (1)(B)(i) or (1)(B)(ii) by a qualified health plan shall be disclosed to enrollees at the time of enrollment in the plan and shall be prominently displayed in any marketing or advertising materials, comparison tools, or summary of benefits and coverage explanation made available with respect to such plan by the issuer of the plan, by an Exchange, or by the Secretary, including information made available through an Internet portal or Exchange under sections 1311(c)(5) and 1311(d)(4)(C).

“(B) SEPARATE DISCLOSURE OF ABORTION SURCHARGES.—In the case of a qualified health plan that includes the services described in paragraph (1)(B)(i) and where the premium for the plan is disclosed, including in any marketing or advertising materials or any other information referred to in subparagraph (A), the surcharge described in paragraph (2)(B)(i)(II) that is attributable to such services shall also be disclosed and identified separately.”.

(b) Effective date.—The amendment made by subsection (a) shall apply to materials, tools, or other information made available more than 30 days after the date of the enactment of this Act.

H.R.49 – No Pro-Abortion Task Force Act

SEC. 2. Prohibition against use of Federal funds for HHS Reproductive Healthcare Access Task Force.

No Federal funds may be used for—

(1) the HHS Reproductive Healthcare Access Task Force, announced by the Secretary of Health and Human Services on January 21, 2022; or

(2) any successor or substantially similar task force.

1. R. 73 Abortion Is Not Health Care Act of 2025

Summary: This bill excludes amounts paid for an abortion from the itemized tax deduction for qualified medical and dental expenses.

Under current law, individuals who itemize their tax deductions may deduct qualified medical and dental expenses to the extent that such expenses exceed 7.5% of the individual’s adjusted gross income for the tax year. Further, under current law, the calculation of the itemized tax deduction for medical and dental expenses may include amounts paid for a legal abortion.

SEC. 2. Amounts paid for abortion not taken into account in determining deduction for medical expenses.

(a) In general.—Section 213 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection:

“(f) Amounts paid for abortion not taken into account.—An amount paid during the taxable year for an abortion shall not be taken into account under subsection (a).”.

(b) Effective date.—The amendment made by this section shall apply to taxable years beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act.

H.R.78 – Pregnant Women Health and Safety Act of 2025

Summary: This bill establishes requirements for physicians who perform abortions and abortion clinics. Specifically, the bill requires a physician who performs an abortion (1) to have admitting privileges at a nearby hospital; and (2) at the time of the abortion, to notify the patient of the hospital location where the patient can receive follow-up care if complications arise.

A physician who fails to comply is subject to criminal penalties—a fine, a prison term of up to two years, or both. A woman who undergoes an abortion may not be prosecuted.

The bill also requires an abortion clinic, in order to receive federal funds or assistance, to (1) be licensed by the state in which it is located, and (2) be in compliance with federal standards for ambulatory surgical centers.

SEC. 2. Requirement for physicians relating to the performance of abortions.

(a) In general.—Chapter 74 of title 18, United States Code, is amended—

(1) in the chapter heading by striking “Partial-Birth”; and

(2) by inserting after section 1531 the following:

“§ 1532. Prohibition on certain procedures

“(a) Definition.—In this section, the term ‘physician’ means a doctor of medicine or osteopathy legally authorized to practice medicine and surgery by the State in which the doctor performs such activity, or any other individual legally authorized by the State to perform abortions.

“(b) Requirements.—A physician who performs an abortion shall—

“(1) have admitting privileges at a hospital located within 15 miles from the principal medical office of the physician and the location in which the abortion is being performed; and

“(2) at the time of the abortion, notify the patient involved of the hospital location where the patient can receive follow-up care by the physician if complications resulting from the abortion arise.

“(c) Offense.—It shall be unlawful for a physician, in or affecting interstate or foreign commerce, to knowingly perform an abortion and, in doing so, fail to comply with subsection (b).

“(d) Penalty.—Any physician who violates subsection (c) shall be fined under this title, imprisoned not more than 2 years, or both.

“(e) Limitation.—A woman upon whom a procedure described in subsection (c) is performed may not be prosecuted under this section, for a conspiracy to violate this section, or for an offense under section 2, 3, or 4 of this title based on a violation of this section.”.

(b) Technical and conforming amendments.—

(1) CHAPTER 74.—The table of sections for such chapter is amended by inserting after the item relating to section 1531 the following:

“1532. Prohibition on certain procedures.”.

(2) PART I.—The table of chapters for part I of title 18, United States Code, is amended by striking the item relating to chapter 74 and inserting the following:

• “74. Abortions 1531”

SEC. 3. Requirement of abortion clinics.

(a) In general.—Subject to subsection (b), as a condition for receiving any Federal funds or assistance, an abortion clinic shall—

(1) be licensed by the State in which it is located; and

(2) be in compliance with the requirements for ambulatory surgery centers under title XVIII of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395 et seq.), except for any requirement relating to a certificate of public need for State licensing purposes.

(b) Waiver.—For purposes of complying with subsection (a)(2) with respect to an abortion clinic, a State board of health may waive the application of certain structural requirements (as the Secretary of Health and Human Services determines appropriate).

(c) Definition.—In this section, the term “abortion clinic” means a facility, other than a hospital or ambulatory surgery center, in which first, second, or third trimester abortions are performed during any 12-month period.

H.R.599 – Protect Funding for Women’s Health Care Act

SEC. 2. Findings.

Congress finds as follows:

(1) State and county health departments, community health centers, hospitals, physicians’ offices, and other entities currently provide, and will continue to provide, health services to women. Such health services include relevant diagnostic laboratory and radiology services, well-child care, prenatal and postpartum care, immunization, family planning services including contraception, sexually transmitted disease testing, cervical and breast cancer screenings, and referrals.

(2) Many such entities provide services to all persons, regardless of the person’s ability to pay, and provide services in medically underserved areas and to medically underserved populations.

(3) All funds no longer available to Planned Parenthood Federation of America will continue to be made available to other eligible entities to provide women’s health care services.

SEC. 3. Prohibition.

(a) In general.—Notwithstanding any other provision of law, no Federal funds may be made available to Planned Parenthood Federation of America, or to any of its affiliates, subsidiaries, successors, or clinics.

(b) Rules of construction.—Nothing in this Act shall be construed to—

(1) affect any limitation contained in an appropriations Act relating to abortion; or

(2) reduce overall Federal funding available in support of women’s health.

H.R.629 – Ending Chemical Abortions Act of 2025

SEC. 2. Findings.

Congress finds the following:

(1) In 2000, the Food and Drug Administration approved chemical abortion drugs for use in the United States. The agency illegally categorized pregnancy as an illness and asserted chemical abortion drugs provide a meaningful therapeutic benefit.

(2) In 2016, the Food and Drug Administration reduced the number of doctor visits required for administration of chemical abortion drugs from 3 visits to 1 visit. The agency also removed the requirement for both the in-person administration of misoprostol and a subsequent follow-up appointment. At this time, the agency also expanded the availability of inducing a chemical abortion from 7 to 10 weeks.

(3) In 2021, the Food and Drug Administration eliminated the in-person dispensing requirement for chemical abortion drugs, purporting to allow these drugs to be dispensed by mail in violation of longstanding Federal law.

(4) When compared to surgical abortions, chemical abortions are consistently more likely to result in complications that are miscoded as a spontaneous abortion or “miscarriage”.

(5) According to the Guttmacher Institute, the Abortion Industry’s think tank, since 2000, the administration of mifepristone and misoprostol has grown to comprise over 50 percent of all induced abortions in the United States.

(6) There is a four times higher risk of experiencing complications due to a chemical abortion than a surgical abortion.

SEC. 3. Renaming chapter 74 of title 18, United States Code.

The table of chapters for part I of title 18, United States Code, is amended by striking the item related to chapter 74 and inserting the following:

“74. Abortion crimes.”.

SEC. 4. Chemical abortions prohibited.

(a) In general.—Chapter 74 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by inserting after section 1531 the following:

“§ 1532. Chemical abortions

“(a) Prohibition.—Notwithstanding any other provision of law, whoever prescribes, dispenses, distributes, or sells, any drug, medication, or chemical for the purpose of procuring or performing an abortion on any woman, shall be imprisoned for not more than 25 years, fined under this title, or both.

“(b) Exceptions.—Subsection (a) shall not apply to any of the following:

“(1) The sale, use, prescription or administration of any contraceptive agent administered before conception or before pregnancy can be confirmed through conventional testing.

“(2) The treatment of a miscarriage according to medical guidelines as accepted as of the date of the miscarriage.

“(3) In the case where a woman suffers from a physical disorder, physical injury, or physical illness, including a life-endangering physical condition caused by or arising from the pregnancy itself, that would, as certified by a physician, place the woman in danger of death.

“(c) Bar to prosecution.—A woman upon whom a chemical abortion is performed or attempted may not be criminally prosecuted under this section.

“(d) Definitions.—In this section:

“(1) ABORTION.—The term ‘abortion’ means intentionally terminating the pregnancy of a woman known to be pregnant, with an intention other than—

“(A) to produce a live birth;

“(B) to remove a dead unborn child caused by miscarriage; or

“(C) to treat an ectopic or molar pregnancy.

“(2) PREGNANT; PREGNANCY.—The term ‘pregnant’ or ‘pregnancy’ refers to the human female reproductive condition of having a living unborn child within her body throughout the entire embryonic and fetal stages from fertilization to full gestation and childbirth.

“(3) UNBORN CHILD.—The term ‘unborn child’ means an individual organism of the species homo sapiens, beginning at fertilization, until the point of being born alive as defined in section 8(b) of title 1, United States Code.”.

(b) Clerical amendment.—The table of sections for chapter 74 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by inserting after the item relating to section 1531 the following:

“1532. Chemical abortions.”.

H.R.682 – Heartbeat Protection Act of 2025

SEC. 2. Abortions prohibited without a check for fetal heartbeat, or if a fetal heartbeat is detectable.

(a) Abortions prohibited without a check for fetal heartbeat, or if a fetal heartbeat is detectable.—Chapter 74 of title 18, United States Code, is amended—

(1) in the chapter heading, by striking “Partial-Birth”;

(2) by inserting after section 1531 the following:

“§ 1532. Abortions prohibited without a check for fetal heartbeat, or if a fetal heartbeat is detectable

“(a) Offense.—Any physician who knowingly performs an abortion and thereby kills a human unborn child—

“(1) without determining, according to standard medical practice, whether the unborn child has a detectable heartbeat;

“(2) without informing the mother of the results of that determination; or

“(3) after determining, according to standard medical practice, that the unborn child has a detectable heartbeat,

shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than 5 years, or both. This subsection does not apply to an abortion that is necessary to save the life of a mother whose life is endangered by a physical disorder, physical illness, or physical injury, including a life-endangering physical condition caused by or arising from the pregnancy itself, but not including psychological or emotional conditions.

“(b) Exceptions.—Subsection (a) shall not apply if—

“(1) in reasonable medical judgment, the abortion is necessary to save the life of a pregnant woman whose life is endangered by a physical disorder, physical illness, or physical injury, including a life-endangering physical condition caused by or arising from the pregnancy itself, but not including psychological or emotional conditions;

“(2) the pregnancy is the result of rape against an adult woman, and at least 48 hours prior to the abortion—

“(A) she has obtained counseling for the rape; or

“(B) she has obtained medical treatment for the rape or an injury related to the rape; or

“(3) the pregnancy is a result of rape against a minor or incest against a minor, and the rape or incest has been reported at any time prior to the abortion to either—

“(A) a government agency legally authorized to act on reports of child abuse; or

“(B) a law enforcement agency.

“(c) Documentation requirements.—

“(1) DOCUMENTATION PERTAINING TO ADULTS.—A physician who performs or attempts to perform an abortion under an exception provided by subsection (b)(2) shall, prior to performing the abortion, place in the patient medical file documentation from a hospital licensed by the State or operated under authority of a Federal agency, a medical clinic licensed by the State or operated under authority of a Federal agency, from a personal physician licensed by the State, a counselor licensed by the State, or a victim’s rights advocate provided by a law enforcement agency that the adult woman seeking the abortion obtained medical treatment or counseling for the rape or an injury related to the rape.

“(2) DOCUMENTATION PERTAINING TO MINORS.—A physician who performs or attempts to perform an abortion under an exception provided by subsection (b)(3) shall, prior to performing the abortion, place in the patient medical file documentation from a government agency legally authorized to act on reports of child abuse that the rape or incest was reported prior to the abortion; or, as an alternative, documentation from a law enforcement agency that the rape or incest was reported prior to the abortion.

“(d) Requirement for data retention.—Paragraph (j)(2) of section 164.530 of title 45, Code of Federal Regulations, shall apply to documentation required to be placed in a patient’s medical file pursuant to paragraph (6) of such section and a consent form required to be retained in a patient’s medical file pursuant to paragraph (7) of such section in the same manner and to the same extent as such paragraph applies to documentation required by paragraph (j)(1) of such section.

“(e) Additional exceptions and requirements.—

“(1) EXCLUSION OF CERTAIN FACILITIES.—Notwithstanding the definitions set forth in subsection (j), the counseling described in subsection (b)(2)(A) and subsection (c)(1) or medical treatment may not be provided by a facility that performs abortions (unless that facility is a hospital).

“(2) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION IN CASES OF REPORTS TO LAW ENFORCEMENT.—The requirements of subsection (b)(2) do not apply if the rape has been reported at any time prior to the abortion to a law enforcement agency or Department of Defense victim assistance personnel.

“(f) Defendant may seek hearing.—A defendant indicted for an offense under this section may seek a hearing before the State Medical Board on whether the physician’s conduct was necessary to save the life of the mother whose life was endangered by a physical disorder, physical illness, or physical injury, including a life-endangering physical condition caused by or arising from the pregnancy itself, but not including psychological or emotional conditions. The findings on that issue are admissible on that issue at the trial of the defendant. Upon a motion of the defendant, the court shall delay the beginning of the trial for not more than 30 days to permit such a hearing to take place.

“(g) No liability for the mother on whom abortion is performed.—A mother upon whom an abortion is performed may not be prosecuted under this section, for a conspiracy to violate this section, or for an offense under section 2, 3, or 4 of this title based on a violation of this section.

“(h) Requirement for data retention.—The physician shall include in the medical file of the mother documentation of the determination, according to standard medical practice, of whether the unborn child has a detectable heartbeat, the results of that determination, notification of the mother of those results, and any information entered into evidence in any proceedings under subsection (b). Paragraph (j)(2) of section 164.530 of title 45, Code of Federal Regulations, shall apply to such documentation.

“(i) Severability.—If any provision of this section or the application of such provision to any person or circumstance is held to be invalid, the remainder of this section and the application of the provisions of the remainder to any person or circumstance shall not be affected thereby.

“(j) Definitions.—In this section:

“(1) The term ‘counseling’ means counseling provided by a counselor licensed by the State, or a victims rights advocate provided by a law enforcement agency.

“(2) The term ‘medical treatment’ means treatment provided at a hospital licensed by the State or operated under authority of a Federal agency, at a medical clinic licensed by the State or operated under authority of a Federal agency, or from a personal physician licensed by the State.

“(3) The term ‘abortion’ means the use or prescription of any instrument, medicine, drug, or any other substance or device—

“(A) to intentionally kill the unborn child of a woman known to be pregnant; or

“(B) to intentionally terminate the pregnancy of a woman known to be pregnant, with an intention other than—

“(i) after viability to produce a live birth and preserve the life and health of the child born alive; or

“(ii) to remove a dead unborn child.

“(4) The term ‘attempt’, with respect to an abortion, means conduct that, under the circumstances as the actor believes them to be, constitutes a substantial step in a course of conduct planned to culminate in performing an abortion.

“(5) The term ‘facility’ means any medical or counseling group, center or clinic and includes the entire legal entity, including any entity that controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with such facility.

“(6) The term ‘perform’, with respect to an abortion, includes inducing an abortion through a medical or chemical intervention including writing a prescription for a drug or device intended to result in an abortion.

“(7) The term ‘physician’ means a person licensed to practice medicine and surgery or osteopathic medicine and surgery, or otherwise legally authorized to perform an abortion.

“(8) The term ‘reasonable medical judgment’ means a medical judgment that would be made by a reasonably prudent physician, knowledgeable about the case and the treatment possibilities with respect to the medical conditions involved.

“(9) The term ‘unborn child’ means an individual organism of the species homo sapiens, beginning at fertilization, until the point of being born alive as defined in section 8(b) of title 1.

“(10) The term ‘woman’ means a female human being whether or not she has reached the age of majority.

“(k) Rules of construction.—

“(1) GREATER PROTECTIONS.—Nothing in this section may be construed to pre-empt or limit any Federal, State, or local law that provides greater protections for an unborn child than those provided in this section.

“(2) CREATION OF RECOGNITION OF RIGHT.—Nothing in this section may be construed to create or recognize a right to abortion or to make lawful an abortion that is unlawful on the effective date of this section.”; and

(3) in the table of sections, by inserting after the item pertaining to section 1841 the following:

“1532. Abortions prohibited without a check for fetal heartbeat, or if a fetal heartbeat is detectable.”.

(b) Clerical amendment.—The table of chapters for part I of title 18, United States Code, is amended, in the item relating to chapter 74, to read as follows:

• “74. Abortions 1531”.

H.R.685 – SAVE Moms and Babies Act of 2025

To amend the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act to prohibit the approval of new abortion drugs, to prohibit investigational use exemptions for abortion drugs, and to impose additional regulatory requirements with respect to previously approved abortion drugs, and for other purposes.

SEC. 2. Abortion drugs prohibited.

(a) In general.—Section 505 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 355) (as amended by Public Law 117–328) is amended by adding at the end the following:

“(aa) Abortion drugs.—

“(1) PROHIBITIONS.—The Secretary shall not approve—

“(A) any application submitted under subsection (b) or (j) for marketing an abortion drug; or

“(B) grant an investigational use exemption under subsection (i) for—

“(i) an abortion drug; or

“(ii) any investigation in which the unborn child of a woman known to be pregnant is knowingly destroyed.

“(2) PREVIOUSLY APPROVED ABORTION DRUGS.—If an approval described in paragraph (1) is in effect for an abortion drug as of the date of enactment of the Support And Value Expectant Moms and Babies Act of 2025, the Secretary shall—

“(A) not approve any labeling change—

“(i) to approve the use of such abortion drug after 70 days gestation; or

“(ii) to approve the dispensing of such abortion drug by any means other than in-person administration by the prescribing health care practitioner;

“(B) treat such abortion drug as subject to section 503(b)(1); and

“(C) require such abortion drug to be subject to a risk evaluation and mitigation strategy under section 505–1 that at a minimum—

“(i) requires health care practitioners who prescribe such abortion drug—

“(I) to be certified in accordance with the strategy; and

“(II) to not be acting in their capacity as a pharmacist;

“(ii) as part of the certification process referred to in clause (i), requires such practitioners—

“(I) to have the ability to assess the duration of pregnancy accurately;

“(II) to have the ability to diagnose ectopic pregnancies;

“(III) to have the ability to provide surgical intervention in cases of incomplete abortion or severe bleeding;

“(IV) to have the ability to ensure patient access to medical facilities equipped to provide blood transfusions and resuscitation, if necessary; and

“(V) to report any deaths or other adverse events associated with the use of such abortion drug to the Food and Drug Administration and to the manufacturer of such abortion drug, identifying the patient by a non-identifiable reference and the serial number from each package of such abortion drug;

“(iii) limits the dispensing of such abortion drug to patients—

“(I) in a clinic, medical office, or hospital by means of in-person administration by the prescribing health care practitioner; and

“(II) not in pharmacies or any setting other than the health care settings described in subclause (I);

“(iv) requires the prescribing health care practitioner to give to the patient documentation on any risk of serious complications associated with use of such abortion drug and receive acknowledgment of such receipt from the patient;

“(v) requires all known adverse events associated with such abortion drug to be reported, excluding any individually identifiable patient information, to the Food and Drug Administration by the—

“(I) manufacturers of such abortion drug; and

“(II) prescribers of such abortion drug; and

“(vi) requires reporting of administration of the abortion drug as required by State law, or in the absence of a State law regarding such reporting, in the same manner as a surgical abortion.

“(3) REPORTING ON ADVERSE EVENTS BY OTHER HEALTH CARE PRACTITIONERS.—The Secretary shall require all other health care practitioners to report to the Food and Drug Administration any adverse events experienced by their patients that are connected to use of an abortion drug, excluding any individually identifiable patient information.

“(4) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—Nothing in this section shall be construed to restrict the authority of the Federal Government, or of a State, to establish, implement, and enforce requirements and restrictions with respect to abortion drugs under provisions of law other than this section that are in addition to the requirements and restrictions under this section.

“(5) DEFINITIONS.—In this section:

“(A) The term ‘abortion drug’ means any drug, substance, or combination of drugs or substances that is intended for use or that is in fact used (irrespective of how the product is labeled) to intentionally kill the unborn child of a woman known to be pregnant, or to intentionally terminate the pregnancy of a woman known to be pregnant, with an intention other than—

“(i) to produce a live birth;

“(ii) to remove a dead unborn child; or

“(iii) to treat an ectopic pregnancy.

“(B) The term ‘adverse event’ includes each of the following:

“(i) A fatality.

“(ii) An ectopic pregnancy.

“(iii) A hospitalization.

“(iv) A blood loss requiring a transfusion.

“(v) An infection, including endometritis, pelvic inflammatory disease, and pelvic infections with sepsis.

“(vi) A severe infection.

“(C) The term ‘gestation’ means the period of days beginning on the first day of the last menstrual period.

“(D) The term ‘health care practitioner’ means any individual who is licensed, registered, or otherwise permitted, by the United States or the jurisdiction in which the individual practices, to prescribe drugs subject to section 503(b)(1).

“(E) The term ‘unborn child’ means an individual organism of the species homo sapiens, beginning at fertilization, until the point of being born alive as defined in section 8(b) of title 1, United States Code.”.

(b) Ongoing investigational use.—In the case of any investigational use of a drug pursuant to an investigational use exemption under section 505(i) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 355(i)) that was granted before the date of enactment of this Act, such exemption is deemed to be rescinded as of the day that is 3 years after the date of enactment of this Act if the Secretary would be prohibited by section 505(aa)(1)(B) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, as added by subsection (a), from granting such exemption as of such day.

H.R.722 – To implement equal protection under the 14th article of amendment to the Constitution for the right to life of each born and preborn human person.

Text not available

H.R.729 – Teleabortion Prevention Act of 2025

To prohibit chemical abortions performed without the presence of a healthcare provider, and for other purposes.

SEC. 2. Chemical abortions prohibited without a healthcare provider present.

(a) Chemical abortions prohibited without a physician present.—Chapter 74 of title 18, United States Code, is amended—

(1) in the chapter heading by striking “Partial-Birth”; and

(2) by inserting after section 1531 the following:

“§ 1532. Chemical abortions prohibited without a healthcare provider physically present

“(a) Offense.—Any healthcare provider who, in or affecting interstate or foreign commerce, who knowingly provides or attempts to provide a chemical abortion—

“(1) without physically examining the patient;

“(2) without being physically present at the location of the chemical abortion; and

“(3) without scheduling a follow-up visit for the patient to occur not more than 14 days after the administration or use of the drug to assess the patient’s physical condition,

shall be fined not more than $1,000 or imprisoned not more than 2 years, or both. This subsection does not apply to a chemical abortion that is necessary to save the life of a mother whose life is endangered by a physical disorder, physical illness, or physical injury, including a life-endangering physical condition caused by or arising from the pregnancy itself.

“(b) No liability of the patient.—A patient upon whom an abortion is performed may not be prosecuted under this section or for a conspiracy to violate this section.

“(c) Definitions.—In this section:

“(1) ABORTION DRUG.—The term ‘abortion drug’ means any medicine, drug or any other substance, or any combination of drugs, medicines or substances, when it is used—

“(A) to intentionally kill the unborn child of a woman known to be pregnant; or

“(B) to intentionally terminate the pregnancy of a woman known to be pregnant, with an intention other than—

“(i) to produce a live birth; or

“(ii) to remove a dead unborn child.

“(2) ATTEMPTS TO PROVIDE.—In this section, the term ‘attempts to provide’, means conduct that, under the circumstances as the actor believes them to be, constitutes a substantial step in a course of conduct planned to culminate in a chemical abortion.

“(3) HEALTHCARE PROVIDER.—The term ‘healthcare provider’ means any person licensed to prescribe prescription drugs under applicable Federal and State laws.

“(4) PROVIDE.—In this section, the term ‘provide’, means to dispense or prescribe an abortion drug, or to otherwise make an abortion drug available to a patient.

“(5) CHEMICAL ABORTION.—The term ‘chemical abortion’ refers to the use of an abortion drug to—

“(A) intentionally kill the unborn child of a woman known to be pregnant; or

“(B) intentionally terminate the pregnancy of a woman known to be pregnant, with an intention other than—

“(i) to produce a live birth; or

“(ii) to remove a dead unborn child.

“(6) UNBORN CHILD.—The term ‘unborn child’ means an individual organism of the species homo sapiens, beginning at fertilization, until the point of being born alive as defined in section 8(b).

“(d) Rule of construction regarding ectopic pregnancy.—Nothing in this section shall be construed to have any impact on the treatment of a verified ectopic pregnancy.

“(e) Severability.—If any provision of this section or the application of such provision to any person or circumstance is held to be invalid, the remainder of this section and the application of the provisions of the remainder to any person or circumstance shall not be affected thereby.”.

(b) Clerical amendments.—

(1) CHAPTER 74.—The table of sections for such chapter is amended by inserting after the item relating to section 1531 the following:

“1532. Chemical abortions prohibited without a healthcare provider physically present.”.

(2) PART I.—The table of chapters for part I of title 18, United States Code, is amended by striking the item relating to chapter 74, and inserting the following:

• “74. Abortions 1531”.

H.R.796 – Second Chance for Moms Act

To amend the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act to require a warning label advising that the effects of mifepristone can be counteracted, to amend the Public Health Service Act to establish a hotline to provide information to women seeking to counteract the effects of mifepristone, and for other purposes.

SEC. 2. Mifepristone warning label and hotline.

(a) Warning label.—

(1) IN GENERAL.—Section 502 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 352) is amended by adding at the end the following:

“(hh) If it is the drug mifepristone, and its labeling does not bear the following statement printed in conspicuous text: ‘WARNING: Medical evidence suggests that the abortifacient effects of mifepristone can be counteracted by natural progesterone, which can increase the chance of fetal survival. The American Society for Reproductive Medicine has determined that natural progesterone is safe in the first trimester of pregnancy. For more information, call [___].’ (with the blank filled in to refer to the appropriate number for the hotline under section 1009 of the Public Health Service Act).”.

(2) EFFECTIVE DATE.—Section 502(hh) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (as added by paragraph (1)) applies beginning on the date that is 6 months after the date of enactment of this Act.

(b) Hotline.—Title X of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 300 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:

“SEC. 1009. Hotline for reversal of effects of mifepristone.

“(a) In general.—The Secretary shall establish or maintain, directly or by grant or contract, a toll-free hotline to provide support for 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, for women seeking to reverse the effects of the drug mifepristone.

“(b) Referrals to APR providers only.—A referral through the hotline described in subsection (a) may only be made to a health care provider that provides abortion pill reversal services.”.

H.R.797 – Ultrasounds Save Lives Act of 2025

To ensure that women seeking an abortion are notified, before giving informed consent to receive an abortion, of the medical risks associated with the abortion procedure and the major developmental characteristics of the unborn child.

SEC. 2. Requirement of informed consent.

(a) In general.—

(1) REQUIREMENT OF COMPLIANCE BY PROVIDERS.—Any abortion provider, acting in or affecting interstate or foreign commerce, who knowingly performs, or attempts to perform, any abortion shall comply with the requirements of this section.

(2) REVIEW OF MEDICAL RISKS AND UNBORN HEALTH STATUS.—Except in the case of a medical emergency, an abortion provider who intends to perform, or attempt to perform, an abortion may not perform any part of the abortion procedure without first—

(A) performing an ultrasound on the woman seeking the abortion, using whichever method the physician and patient agree is best under the circumstance, and sharing the results of such ultrasound with the woman; and

(B) obtaining a signed Informed Consent Authorization form in accordance with this subsection.

(3) INFORMED CONSENT AUTHORIZATION FORM.—

(A) IN GENERAL.—The Informed Consent Authorization form required under this subsection shall—

(i) be presented in person by the abortion provider 24 hours prior to performing, or attempting to perform, the abortion to the woman seeking the abortion; and

(ii) consist of—

(I) a statement by the abortion provider indicating—

(aa) the probable gestational age, in completed days, of the child;

(bb) all medical risks associated with abortion-inducing drugs or the specific abortion procedure; and

(cc) the major developmental characteristics of unborn children at such gestational age, including the presence of a heartbeat, the ability to react to painful stimuli, and the development of organs, appendages, and facial features;

(II) a statement by the abortion provider that an ultrasound has been performed, and the results of such ultrasound have been shared, as required by paragraph (2)(A);

(III) a statement that the requirements of this subsection are binding upon the abortion provider and all other medical personnel, that such abortion providers and medical personnel are subject to criminal and civil penalties for violations of these requirements, and that a woman on whom an abortion has been performed may take civil action if these requirements are not followed; and

(IV) an affirmation that each individual signing the Informed Consent Authorization form has filled out the form to the best of his or her knowledge and understands the information contained in the form.

(B) SIGNATORIES REQUIRED.—The Informed Consent Authorization form required under this subsection shall be signed in person by the woman seeking the abortion, the abortion provider performing or attempting to perform the abortion, and a witness.

(C) RETENTION OF CONSENT FORM.—The abortion provider performing or attempting to perform an abortion shall retain the signed Informed Consent Authorization form required under this subsection in the patient’s medical file.

(D) REQUIREMENT FOR DATA RETENTION.—Paragraph (j)(2) of section 164.530 of title 45, Code of Federal Regulations, shall apply to the Informed Consent Authorization form required to be placed in a patient’s medical file pursuant to subparagraph (C) in the same manner and to the same extent as such paragraph applies to documentation required by paragraph (j)(1) of such section.

(4) EXCEPTIONS.—The requirements of this subsection shall not apply if, in reasonable medical judgment, compliance with paragraph (2) would pose a greater risk of—

(A) the death of the pregnant woman; or

(B) the substantial and irreversible physical impairment of a major bodily function, not including psychological or emotional conditions, of the pregnant woman.

(b) Penalty for failure To comply.—

(1) CIVIL PENALTY.—

(A) ENFORCEMENT BY ATTORNEY GENERAL.—The Attorney General shall commence a civil action in an appropriate district court of the United States under this subsection against any abortion provider who knowingly commits a violation of subsection (a).

(B) PENALTY.—In a civil action under subparagraph (A), the court may, to vindicate the public interest, assess a civil penalty against the abortion provider in an amount—

(i) not less than $100,000 and not more than $150,000, for each such violation that is adjudicated in the first proceeding against such abortion provider under this subsection; or

(ii) not less than $150,001 and not more than $250,000, for each such violation that is adjudicated in a subsequent proceeding against such abortion provider under this subsection.

(C) NOTIFICATION.—Upon the assessment of a civil penalty under subparagraph (B), the Attorney General shall notify the appropriate State medical licensing authority.

(D) NO PENALTIES FOR PREGNANT WOMEN.—A pregnant woman shall not be subject to any penalty under this section.

(2) PRIVATE RIGHT OF ACTION.—

(A) IN GENERAL.—A woman or a parent of a minor upon whom an abortion has been performed in violation of subsection (a) may commence a civil action against the abortion provider for appropriate relief.

(B) APPROPRIATE RELIEF.—

(i) IN GENERAL.—Subject to clause (ii), appropriate relief in a civil action under this paragraph includes—

(I) objectively verifiable money damages for all injuries, psychological and physical, occasioned by the violation;

(II) statutory damages equal to 3 times the cost of the abortion; and

(III) punitive damages.

(ii) EXCEPTION.—No damages may be awarded to a plaintiff in a civil action under this paragraph if the pregnancy in relation to which an abortion was performed in violation of subsection (a) resulted from the plaintiff’s criminal conduct.

(C) ATTORNEY’S FEES FOR PLAINTIFF.—The court shall award a reasonable attorney’s fee as part of the costs to a prevailing plaintiff in a civil action under this paragraph.

(D) ATTORNEY’S FEES FOR DEFENDANT.—If a defendant in a civil action under this paragraph prevails and the court finds that the plaintiff’s suit was frivolous, the court shall award a reasonable attorney’s fee in favor of the defendant against the plaintiff.

(E) AWARDS AGAINST WOMAN.—In any civil action under this paragraph, no damages or other monetary relief, and no attorney’s fees except as provided under subparagraph (D), may be assessed against the woman upon whom the abortion was performed or attempted.

(c) Preemption.—Nothing in this section shall be construed to preempt any provision of State law to the extent that such State law establishes, implements, or continues in effect disclosure requirements regarding abortion or penalties for failure to comply with such requirements that are more extensive than those provided under this section.

(d) Rule of construction.—Nothing in this section shall be construed to prohibit an abortion provider from presenting the information required under subsection (a) to a pregnant woman at the same time as acquiring informed consent for an abortion from such woman in accordance with State law, provided that the presentation of such information occurs at least 24 hours before the abortion.

(e) Definitions.—In this section:

(1) ABORTION.—The term “abortion” means the use or prescription of any instrument, medicine, drug, or any other substance or device—

(A) to intentionally kill the unborn child of a woman known to be pregnant; or

(B) to intentionally terminate the pregnancy of a woman known to be pregnant, with an intention other than—

(i) after viability to produce a live birth and preserve the life and health of the child born alive; or

(ii) to remove a dead unborn child.

(2) ABORTION PROVIDER.—The term “abortion provider” means a person—

(A) licensed to practice medicine and surgery or osteopathic medicine and surgery; or

(B) otherwise legally authorized to perform an abortion.

(3) ATTEMPT.—The term “attempt”, with respect to an abortion, means conduct that, under the circumstances as the actor believes them to be, constitutes a substantial step in a course of conduct planned to culminate in performing an abortion.

(4) MINOR.—The term “minor” means an individual who has not attained the age of 18 years.

(5) PERFORM.—The term “perform”, with respect to an abortion, includes inducing an abortion through a medical or chemical intervention including writing a prescription for a drug or device intended to result in an abortion.

(6) REASONABLE MEDICAL JUDGMENT.—The term “reasonable medical judgment” means a medical judgment that would be made by a reasonably prudent abortion provider, knowledgeable about the case and the treatment possibilities with respect to the medical conditions involved.

(7) UNBORN CHILD.—The term “unborn child” means an individual organism of the species homo sapiens, beginning at fertilization, until the point of being born alive as defined in section 8(b) of title 1, United States Code.

(8) WOMAN.—The term “woman” means a female human being whether or not she has reached the age of majority.

H.R.798 – Dignity for Aborted Children Act

To protect the dignity of fetal remains, and for other purposes.

SEC. 2. Constitutional authority.

Congress enacts the following pursuant to Congress’ power under—

(1) the Interstate Commerce Clause of section 8 of article I of the Constitution;

(2) section 5 of the 14th Amendment to the Constitution of the United States, including the power to enforce the prohibition on government action denying equal protection of the laws; and

(3) section 8 of article I of the Constitution of the United States to make all laws necessary and proper for the carrying into execution of powers vested by the Constitution in the Government of the United States.

SEC. 3. Protection of fetal remains.

(a) In general.—Part H of title IV of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 289 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:

“SEC. 498F. Protection of fetal remains.

“(a) Consent requirement.—

“(1) IN GENERAL.—Any abortion provider, after performing an abortion, shall provide the patient with an informed consent form, offering the patient the following options for disposal of the human fetal tissue from the abortion:

“(A) The patient may take possession of the human fetal tissue and may choose to transfer the tissue to an entity providing interment or cremation services.

“(B) The patient may elect to release the human fetal tissue to the abortion provider, who shall be subject to the requirements of subsection (b).

“(2) CONSENT REQUIREMENTS.—An abortion provider described in paragraph (1) shall—

“(A) obtain a patient signature on each consent form required under paragraph (1); and

“(B) retain each such form in the patient’s file.

“(b) Provider disposal requirement.—It shall be unlawful for any abortion provider who, after performing an abortion in which the woman on whom the abortion was performed elects, pursuant to subsection (a)(1)(B), to release the human fetal tissue to the abortion provider, to fail to provide for the final disposition of the human fetal tissue through interment or cremation, consistent with State law regarding the disposal of human remains, not later than 7 days after the date on which the abortion procedure was performed. Such final disposition of human fetal tissue may be carried out through interment or cremation of tissue from more than one abortion procedure collectively.

“(c) Penalties.—

“(1) INFORMED CONSENT VIOLATIONS.—An abortion provider who fails to maintain the documentation required under subsection (a)(2)(B) shall be subject to civil monetary penalties in an amount not to exceed $50,000.

“(2) DISPOSAL VIOLATIONS.—Any abortion provider who violates subsection (b) shall be fined in accordance with title 18, United States Code, imprisoned not more than 5 years, or both.

“(3) BAR TO PROSECUTION.—A patient upon whom an abortion in violation of subsection (b) is performed or attempted may not be prosecuted under, or for a conspiracy to violate, paragraph (1), or for an offense under section 2, 3, or 4 of title 18, United States Code, based on such a violation.

“(d) Reporting.—Each abortion provider described in subsection (a)(1) shall submit annual reports to the Secretary indicating, with respect to the reporting period—

“(1) the aggregate number of abortion procedures performed by such abortion provider;

“(2) the gestational age at the time of each such procedure; and

“(3) for abortions carried out using an abortion method other than chemical abortion, the aggregate number of fetal remains transferred for interment or cremation and the number released to patients.

“(e) Annual reports by the Secretary.—The Secretary shall submit to Congress an annual report on the number of abortions by State, procedure type, and method of disposal of human fetal tissue.

“(f) Non-Preemption.—Nothing in this section shall preempt any State requirement that, at a minimum, requires interment or cremation in the same manner that other human remains are required to be treated in such State.

“(g) Definitions.—In this section—

“(1) the term ‘abortion’ means the use or prescription of any instrument, medicine, drug, or any other substance or device—

“(A) to intentionally kill the unborn child of a woman known to be pregnant; or

“(B) to intentionally terminate the pregnancy of a woman known to be pregnant, with an intention other than—

“(i) after viability to produce a live birth and preserve the life and health of the child born alive; or

“(ii) to remove a dead unborn child;

“(2) the term ‘abortion provider’ means an individual or entity that performs abortions; and

“(3) the term ‘human fetal tissue’ has the meaning given the term in section 498A(g).”.

H.R.799 – Parental Notification and Intervention Act of 2025

To provide for parental notification and intervention in the case of an unemancipated minor seeking an abortion.

SEC. 2. Parental notification.

(a) In general.—It shall be unlawful for any person or organization in or affecting interstate or foreign commerce or who solicits or accepts Federal funds to perform any abortion on an unemancipated minor under the age of 18, to permit the facilities of the person or organization to be used to perform any abortion on such a minor, or to assist in the performance of any abortion on such a minor if the person or organization has failed to comply with all of the following requirements:

(1) The provision of written notification to the parents (as defined in subsection (e)) of the minor informing the parents that an abortion has been requested for the minor, except that such notification is not required for a parent if the physician is presented with documentation showing with a reasonable degree of certainty that a court of record in the minor’s State of residence has waived any parental notification. The court of record shall not waive any parental notification requirement unless there is clear and convincing evidence of physical abuse of the minor by such parent.

(2) Compliance with a 96-hour waiting period after notice has been received by the parents.

(3) Compliance with any injunction granted under section 3 relating to the abortion.

(b) Fine for violation.—Whoever willfully violates subsection (a) shall be fined not more than $100,000 or imprisoned not more than one year, or both, for each violation.

(c) Exception.—Subsection (a) shall not apply with respect to an unemancipated minor for whom an abortion is sought if a physician (other than the physician with principal responsibility for making the decision to perform the abortion) makes a determination that—

(1) a medical emergency exists which, with reasonable medical certainty, so complicates the medical condition of the minor that the death of the minor would result from the failure to immediately treat her physical condition even though the treatment may result in the death of her unborn child;

(2) parental notification is not possible as a result of the medical emergency; and

(3) certifications regarding compliance with paragraphs (1) and (2) have been entered in the medical records of the minor, together with the reasons upon which the determinations are based, including a statement of relevant clinical findings.

(d) Parental notification requirements.—For purposes of this section, any parental notification provided to comply with the provisions of subsection (a) for a parent shall be—

(1) delivered personally to the parent; or

(2) provided through certified mail in accordance with all of the following procedures:

(A) The certified mail is addressed to the parent.

(B) The address used is the dwelling or usual place of abode of the parent.

(C) A return receipt is requested.

(D) The delivery is restricted to the parent.

(e) Parent defined To include legal guardian.—For purposes of this Act, the term “parent” includes, with respect to an unemancipated minor, any legal guardian of the minor.

SEC. 3. Parental intervention.

Any parent required to be notified pursuant to section 2 regarding an abortion of an unemancipated minor may bring an action in the Federal district court where the parent resides or where the unemancipated minor is located to enjoin the performance of the abortion. The court shall issue a temporary injunction barring the performance of the abortion until the issue has been adjudicated and the judgment is final. The court shall issue relief permanently enjoining the abortion unless the court determines that granting such relief would be unlawful.

SEC. 4. Preemption.

Nothing in this Act shall be construed to preempt any provision of State law to the extent that such State law establishes, implements, or continues in effect greater parental notification requirements or intervention rights regarding abortion than those provided under this Act.

SEC. 5. Effective date and severability.

(a) Effective date.—The provisions of this Act shall take effect upon its enactment.

(b) Severability.—The provisions of this Act shall be severable. If any provision of this Act, or any application thereof, is found unconstitutional, that finding shall not affect any provision or application of the Act not so adjudicated.

H.R.895 – To amend title 18, United States Code, to require the Attorney General to investigate alleged violations of the partial birth abortion ban.

H.R.1349 – To amend title XI of the Social Security Act to exclude providers of certain abortion services from participation in the Medicare program.

H. R. 38 Constitutional Concealed Carry Reciprocity Act

To amend title 18, United States Code, to provide a means by which nonresidents of a State whose residents may carry concealed firearms may also do so in the State.

SEC. 2. Reciprocity for the carrying of certain concealed firearms.

(a) In general.—Chapter 44 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by inserting after section 926C the following:

“§ 926D. Reciprocity for the carrying of certain concealed firearms

“(a) Notwithstanding any provision of the law of any State or political subdivision thereof (except as provided in subsection (b)) and subject only to the requirements of this section, a person who is not prohibited by Federal law from possessing, transporting, shipping, or receiving a firearm, who is carrying a valid identification document containing a photograph of the person, and who is carrying a valid license or permit which is issued pursuant to the law of a State and which permits the person to carry a concealed firearm or is entitled to carry a concealed firearm in the State in which the person resides, may possess or carry a concealed handgun (other than a machine gun or destructive device) that has been shipped or transported in interstate or foreign commerce, in any State that—

“(1) has a statute under which residents of the State may apply for a license or permit to carry a concealed firearm; or

“(2) does not prohibit the carrying of concealed firearms by residents of the State for lawful purposes.

“(b) This section shall not be construed to supersede or limit the laws of any State that—

“(1) permit private persons or entities to prohibit or restrict the possession of concealed firearms on their property; or

“(2) prohibit or restrict the possession of firearms on any State or local government property, installation, building, or base.

“(c) (1) A person who carries or possesses a concealed handgun in accordance with subsections (a) and (b) may not be arrested or otherwise detained for violation of any law or any rule or regulation of a State or any political subdivision thereof related to the possession, transportation, or carrying of firearms unless there is probable cause to believe that the person is doing so in a manner not provided for by this section. Presentation of facially valid documents as specified in subsection (a) is prima facie evidence that the individual has a license or permit as required by this section.

“(2) When a person asserts this section as a defense in a criminal proceeding, the prosecution shall bear the burden of proving, beyond a reasonable doubt, that the conduct of the person did not satisfy the conditions set forth in subsections (a) and (b).

“(3) When a person successfully asserts this section as a defense in a criminal proceeding, the court shall award the prevailing defendant a reasonable attorney’s fee.

“(d) (1) A person who is deprived of any right, privilege, or immunity secured by this section, under color of any statute, ordinance, regulation, custom, or usage of any State or any political subdivision thereof, may bring an action in any appropriate court against any other person, including a State or political subdivision thereof, who causes the person to be subject to the deprivation, for damages or other appropriate relief.

“(2) The court shall award a plaintiff prevailing in an action brought under paragraph (1) damages and such other relief as the court deems appropriate, including a reasonable attorney’s fee.

“(e) In subsection (a):

“(1) The term ‘identification document’ means a document made or issued by or under the authority of the United States Government, a State, or a political subdivision of a State which, when completed with information concerning a particular individual, is of a type intended or commonly accepted for the purpose of identification of individuals.

“(2) The term ‘handgun’ includes any magazine for use in a handgun and any ammunition loaded into the handgun or its magazine.

“(f) (1) A person who possesses or carries a concealed handgun under subsection (a) shall not be subject to the prohibitions of section 922(q).

“(2) A person possessing or carrying a concealed handgun in a State under subsection (a) may do so in any of the following areas in the State that are open to the public:

“(A) A unit of the National Park System.

“(B) A unit of the National Wildlife Refuge System.

“(C) Public land under the jurisdiction of the Bureau of Land Management.

“(D) Land administered and managed by the Army Corps of Engineers.

“(E) Land administered and managed by the Bureau of Reclamation.

“(F) Land administered and managed by the Forest Service.”.

(b) Clerical amendment.—The table of sections for such chapter is amended by inserting after the item relating to section 926C the following:

“926D. Reciprocity for the carrying of certain concealed firearms.”.

(c) Severability.—Notwithstanding any other provision of this Act, if any provision of this section, or any amendment made by this section, or the application of such provision or amendment to any person or cir­cum­stance is held to be unconstitutional, this section and amendments made by this section and the application of such provision or amendment to other persons or circumstances shall not be affected thereby.

(d) Effective date.—The amendments made by this section shall take effect 90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act.

1. R. 45 “Firearm Industry Non-Discrimination Act” or the “FIND Act”.

To amend title 41, United States Code, to prohibit the Federal Government from entering into contracts with an entity that discriminates against the firearm and ammunition industry, and for other purposes.

SEC. 2. Prohibition on entering into contracts with entities discriminating against the firearm and ammunition industry.

(a) Prohibition.—Chapter 47 of title 41, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:

“§ 4715. Prohibition on entering into contracts with entities discriminating against the firearm and ammunition industry.

“(a) Prohibition.—

“(1) IN GENERAL.—The head of an executive agency shall include in each contract for the procurement of goods or services awarded by the executive agency, a clause requiring the prime contractor to certify that the contractor—

“(A) has no policy, practice, guidance, or directive that discriminates against a firearm entity or firearm trade association; and

“(B) will not adopt a policy, practice, guidance, or directive that discriminates against a firearm entity or firearm trade association during the term of the contract.

“(2) SUBCONTRACTS.—The head of an executive agency shall include in each contract for the procurement of goods or services awarded by the executive agency, a clause that prohibits the prime contractor on such contract from—

“(A) awarding a first-tier subcontract with a value greater than 10 percent of the total value of the prime contract to an entity that fails to certify in writing to the prime contractor that the entity—

“(i) has no policy, practice, guidance, or directive that discriminates against a firearm entity or firearm trade association; and

“(ii) will not adopt a policy, practice, guidance, or directive that discriminates against a firearm entity or firearm trade association during the term of the contract; and

“(B) structuring subcontract tiers in a manner designed to avoid violating subparagraph (A) by enabling a subcontractor to perform more than 10 percent of the total value of the prime contract as a lower-tier subcontractor.

“(3) PENALTIES.—The clause included in contracts pursuant to paragraph (1) or paragraph (2) shall provide that, in the event that the prime contractor violates the clause—

“(A) the prime contract shall be terminated for default; and

“(B) a suspension or debarment proceeding will be initiated for the contractor on the basis of the violation.

“(b) Exception.—Subsection (a) shall not apply to a contract for the procurement of goods or services that is a sole-source contract.

“(c) Definitions.—In this section:

“(1) DISCRIMINATE.—The term ‘discriminate’ means to—

“(A) make a judgement about a policy, practice, guidance, or directive on the basis of—

“(i) partial criteria or a category-based assessment analysis, rather than—

“(I) on a case-by-case basis; or

“(II) using empirical data evaluated under quantifiable standards; or

“(ii) criteria other than criteria free from—

“(I) favoritism or prejudice against or dislike for the firearm entity or trade association or the products or services sold by the firearm entity or trade association; or

“(II) favoritism for market alternatives to the business of the firearm entity or the trade association;

“(B) refuse to provide services, or deny, cancel, or limit services, to the firearm entity or trade association on the basis of criteria other than—

“(i) criteria free from—

“(I) favoritism or prejudice against or dislike for the firearm entity or trade association or the products or services sold by the firearm entity or trade association; or

“(II) favoritism for market alternatives to the business of the firearm entity or the trade association;

“(ii) criteria related to credit history and financial risk specific to a customer or potential customer; or

“(iii) criteria related to noncompliance with Federal, State, or local law; or

“(C) limit the operations of the firearm entity or trade association in manner not required by—

“(i) Federal, State, or local law; or

“(ii) Federal, State, or local regulation.

“(2) FIREARM ENTITY.—The term ‘firearm entity’ means any—

“(A) person who is licensed under section 923 of title 18 to import, manufacture, or deal in firearms;

“(B) seller of ammunition, as defined in section 7903 of title 15;

“(C) manufacturer or importer of, or dealer in, a secure gun storage or safety device, as defined in section 921(a) of title 18; and

“(D) manufacturer or importer of, or dealer in, a component part or accessory of a firearm or ammunition.

“(3) FIREARM TRADE ASSOCIATION.—The term ‘firearm trade association’ has the meaning in section 7903 of title 15.

“(4) FIRST-TIER SUBCONTRACT.—The term ‘first-tier subcontract’ means a subcontract entered into by a subcontractor with the prime contractor for the purposes of carrying out the prime contract.

“(5) LOWER-TIER SUBCONTRACTOR.—The term ‘lower-tier subcontractor’ means any person entering into a contract with a subcontractor of a prime contractor for the purposes of carrying out the prime contract.

“(6) PRIME CONTRACT; PRIME CONTRACTOR.—The terms ‘prime contract’ and ‘prime contractor’ have the meaning given those terms in section 8701 of title 41.”.

(b) Application.—Section 4715 of title 41, United States Code, as added by subsection (a), shall apply with respect to contracts awarded on or after the date of the enactment of this Act.

(c) Clerical amendment.—The table of sections for chapter 47 of title 41, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:

“4715. Prohibition on entering into contracts with entities discriminating against the firearm and ammunition industry.”.

H. R. 221 Abolish the ATF Act

To abolish the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives.

SEC. 2. Abolishment of the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives.

The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives is hereby abolished.

1. R. 223 Preventing Unjust Red Flag Laws Act of 2025

SEC. 2. Prohibition on funding for implementation and enforcement of red flag laws or rules.

(a) Prohibition on funding.—None of the funds made available for any Federal department or agency may be used to—

(1) implement or enforce Federal red flag laws; or

(2) provide assistance to States, local, tribal, or territorial government departments or agencies for the implementation or enforcement of red flag laws.

(b) Red flag law defined.—In this section, the term “red flag law” means a risk-based, temporary, and preemptive protective order that authorizes the removal of a firearm without due process.

H.R.335 – Repeal the NFA Act

SEC. 2. Repeal of National Firearms Act.

Chapter 53 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, and the item relating to such chapter in the table of chapters for subtitle E, are hereby repealed.

H.R.404 – Hearing Protection Act

SEC. 2. Equal treatment of silencers and firearms.

(a) In general.—Section 5845(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by striking “(7) any silencer” and all that follows through “; and (8)” and inserting “and (7)”.

(b) Effective date.—The amendment made by this section shall apply to calendar quarters beginning more than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act.

SEC. 3. Treatment of certain silencers.

Section 5841 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by adding at the end the following:

“(f) Firearm silencers.—A person acquiring or possessing a firearm silencer in accordance with chapter 44 of title 18, United States Code, shall be treated as meeting any registration and licensing requirements of the National Firearms Act with respect to such silencer.”.

SEC. 4. Preemption of certain State laws in relation to firearm silencers.

H.R.624 – RIFLE Act of 2025 or “Reining In Federal Licensing Enforcement Act of 2025” 

To reform the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives.

SEC. 2. Graduated penalties for civil violations by Federal firearms licensees.

Section 923 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by striking subsections (e) and (f) and inserting the following:

“(e) (1) (A) If the Attorney General determines that a licensee under this section has violated this chapter—

“(i) in the case of a violation that is not willful, the Attorney General shall notify the licensee of the violation and work with the licensee to rectify the violation within a commercially reasonable time frame; or

“(ii) in the case of a willful violation, if the Attorney General, after working with the licensee to rectify the violation within a commercially reasonable time frame, finds that a lesser action (such as a warning, warning letter, or warning conference) is not likely to lead to future compliance, and the Attorney General seeks revocation of the license in an administrative action, the Attorney General may—

“(I) if the licensee has no history of noncompliance with this chapter, suspend the license for not more than 30 days or such lesser period as would apply on compliance with such conditions as are specified by the Attorney General; or

“(II) in any other case, revoke the license.

“(B) In applying subparagraph (A), the Attorney General shall presume that the violation is not willful, absent clear and convincing evidence to the contrary.

“(C) For purposes of subparagraph (A):

“(i) A violation of this chapter with respect to 2 or more firearms during a single transaction shall be considered a single violation.

“(ii) A violation of this chapter with respect to any category of record keeping requirements, even if involving multiple instances, shall be considered a single violation.

“(D) The Attorney General may not commence an enforcement action under subparagraph (A) with respect to a violation, after the 3-year period that begins with—

“(i) the date the violation occurred; or

“(ii) if the licensee intentionally obstructed discovery of the violation, the date the violation is discovered.

“(E) The Attorney General may not commence an enforcement action under subparagraph (A) with respect to a violation without first notifying the licensee of the reasons for the contemplated action and affording the licensee an opportunity to demonstrate or achieve compliance with this chapter and to submit facts, arguments, or proposals of adjustment.

“(2) (A) (i) Not less than 60 days before the effective date of any penalty imposed on a licensee by reason of a determination made under paragraph (1), the Attorney General shall send the licensee a written notice by certified return receipt mail—

“(I) of the determination, and the grounds on which the determination was made;

“(II) that sets forth the facts on which the Attorney General relied as a basis for the determination, including the facts pertaining to any determination of willfulness;

“(III) of the nature of the penalty; and

“(IV) that the licensee may, within 60 days after receipt of the notice, request in writing a hearing to review the determination.

“(ii) Within 5 calendar days after serving the written notice on the licensee, the Attorney General, shall give written notice to the licensee of the date the written notice was so served and provide the licensee with proof of the service.

“(B) A hearing to review a determination made under paragraph (1) with respect to a licensee shall not be held unless the licensee or an agent of the licensee requests such a hearing within 60 days after receiving the written notice required by subparagraph (A), and if held, shall be open to the public

“(C) On timely receipt from the licensee of a request for such a review, the Attorney General shall stay the imposition of any penalty under paragraph (1), pending resolution of the hearing, unless, in the case of a license revocation, the Attorney General establishes, at a hearing before an administrative law judge, by clear and convincing evidence, that the licensee committed the violation willfully and that the continued operation by the licensee of the business involved poses an immediate and grave threat to public safety.

“(3) (A) Within not fewer than 60 days after timely receipt from a licensee or an agent of the licensee of a written request for a hearing to review a determination made under paragraph (1) (or at such later time as is agreed to by the Attorney General and the licensee), an administrative law judge shall hold an evidentiary hearing, at a location convenient to the licensee, to review the determination, except that, if the licensee moves for leave to take the deposition of any witness identified by the Attorney General or any officer or employee of the Department of Justice who was involved in the inspection or examination, or any prior inspection or examination on which the Attorney General relies, the administrative law judge shall grant the motion and adjust the hearing date accordingly.

“(B) Not less than 30 days before the hearing, the Attorney General shall deliver to the licensee—

“(i) a document identifying each person whom the Attorney General intends to call as a witness during the hearing and a summary of the proposed sworn testimony of the witness;

“(ii) a copy of each document, in unredacted form, that will be introduced by the Attorney General as evidence at the hearing;

“(iii) copies of all documents on which the determination is based;

“(iv) a complete copy of the file of the licensee maintained by the Attorney General; and

“(v) a sworn statement from the Attorney General as to whether or not there is a pending criminal investigation by the Attorney General of the licensee, which statement shall be supplemented or amended by the Attorney General if a criminal investigation is initiated before the conclusion of the hearing.

“(C) (i) Within 120 days after the hearing, the administrative law judge shall issue a written decision setting forth findings of fact and conclusions of law, and a decision as to whether to affirm, modify, or reverse the determination.

“(ii) The findings of fact and conclusions of law and decision of the administrative law judge shall be—

“(I) de novo and not predicated on a presumption that the determination of the Attorney General was correct; and

“(II) based on a clear and convincing standard of proof, which shall be borne by the Attorney General.

“(iii) The administrative law judge shall not make a determination to revoke a license unless the administrative law judge finds, by clear and convincing evidence, that—

“(I) the Attorney General notified the licensee in writing of all reasons for the contemplated action of the Attorney General;

“(II) the Attorney General afforded the licensee a commercially reasonable opportunity to demonstrate or achieve compliance with this chapter; and

“(III) the licensee has not complied, and is unlikely to be able to achieve compliance, with this chapter.

“(iv) The Attorney General shall provide to the licensee a complete copy of the hearing transcript, including exhibits, within 60 days after the date of the hearing.

“(D) On request of the licensee, the Attorney General shall stay the effective date of any penalty, suspension, or revocation until there is a final, unreviewable judgment with respect to the determination of the administrative law judge, unless, in the case of a license revocation, the Attorney General establishes, at a hearing before an administrative law judge, by clear and convincing evidence, that the licensee committed the violation willfully and that the continued operation by the licensee of the business involved poses an immediate and grave threat to public safety.

“(E) An action of an administrative law judge under this subsection shall be considered final agency action for all purposes, and may be reviewed only as provided in subsection (f).

“(4) This subsection shall not be interpreted to affect the authority of the Attorney General under section 922(t)(5), except that the provisions of section 922(t)(5) regarding notice and opportunity for a hearing shall be subject to the procedural and evidentiary requirements provided in this subsection.

“(f) (1) Within 60 days after a party receives a notice issued under subsection (d) of a decision to deny a license, or a notice issued under subsection (e)(3)(C) of a determination to suspend or revoke a license, the party may file a petition with the United States district court for the district in which the party resides or has a principal place of business for a de novo trial of the determination.

“(2) In a proceeding conducted under this subsection, the court shall, on application of a party, consider any evidence submitted by the parties to the proceeding whether or not the evidence was considered at the hearing held under subsection (d) or (e)(3).

“(3) (A) If the court decides that the determination was not authorized by law, the court shall order the Attorney General to take such action as may be necessary to comply with the judgment of the court.

“(B) The court shall not make a determination to revoke a license unless the court finds, by clear and convincing evidence, that—

“(i) the Attorney General notified the licensee in writing of all reasons for the contemplated action of the Attorney General;

“(ii) the Attorney General afforded the licensee a commercially reasonable opportunity to demonstrate or achieve compliance with this chapter; and

“(iii) the licensee has not complied, and is unlikely to be able to comply, with this chapter.

“(4) If criminal proceedings are instituted against an applicant for a license under this chapter or a licensee alleging a violation of this chapter, and the applicant or licensee, as the case may be, is acquitted of the charges, or the proceedings are terminated, other than on motion of the Government before trial on the charges, the Attorney General shall be absolutely barred from denying a license under this chapter, or suspending or revoking a license granted under this chapter, if the action would be based in whole or in part on the facts which form the basis of the criminal charges.

“(5) The Attorney General may not institute a proceeding to suspend or revoke a license granted under this chapter, more than 1 year after the filing of the indictment or information.

“(6) The Attorney General may not institute a proceeding to suspend or revoke a license granted under this chapter, based on a violation that is finally determined to have occurred with respect to a different license.”.

SEC. 3. Consideration of Federal firearms license applications.

Section 923(d) of title 18, United States Code, is amended by striking paragraph (2) and inserting the following:

“(2) The Attorney General shall make a preliminary determination as to whether to approve or deny an application submitted under subsection (a) or (b). If the preliminary determination is to deny the application, the Attorney General shall notify the applicant in writing of the preliminary determination and the reasons for the preliminary determination, and shall afford the applicant an opportunity to supplement the application with additional information and to request a hearing on the application. If the applicant, in a timely manner, requests such a hearing, the Attorney General shall hold the hearing at a location convenient to the applicant, and shall notify the applicant in writing of the time and place of the hearing.

“(3) The Attorney General may not deny an application for a license based on—

“(A) any prior violation of this chapter by the applicant, if more than 5 years have elapsed since the date a license previously issued to the applicant under this chapter was terminated, unless the Attorney General finds that the applicant is a person described in section 922(g);

“(B) the applicant having been employed by, or a responsible party for, a licensee whose license under this chapter was revoked, unless there is clear and convincing evidence that the applicant willfully violated this chapter in that capacity; or

“(C) the applicant being a spouse, former spouse, or child of a licensee whose license under this chapter was revoked, unless there is clear and convincing evidence that the applicant willfully violated this chapter as a responsible party under the license.

“(4) The procedures provided for in subsection (e) shall apply with respect to any applicant for a license under this chapter and any application for such a license.”.

SEC. 4. Definition of “willfully”; certain evidence inadmissible to prove willfulness.

Section 923(e) of title 18, United States Code, as amended by section 2(a) of this Act, is amended by adding at the end the following:

“(5) For purposes of this subsection, the term ‘willfully’ means, with respect to conduct of an individual who holds a license or is designated in the records of the Attorney General as a responsible party under a specific license, that the person—

“(A) had actual knowledge of a clearly established legal duty;

“(B) understood the obligation imposed by the legal duty; and

“(C) engaged in the conduct knowingly and in deliberate disregard of the legal duty.

“(6) Evidence that a person has received a document or other communication containing information about a requirement imposed by or under this chapter and evidence that the person has signed an acknowledgment that the person understands the legal obligations of the person under this chapter shall not be admissible as part of the determination of the Attorney General, in an administrative law hearing or in a court of law, to prove actual knowledge and shall not be admissible as evidence to establish a willful violation of this chapter.

“(7) Evidence that a person has substantial experience as a licensee, or has in other instances successfully complied with this chapter, shall not be admissible as part of the determination of the Attorney General, in an administrative law hearing or in a court of law, to prove actual knowledge and shall not be admissible as evidence to established a willful violation of this chapter.

“(8) In determining under this subsection whether conduct of a licensee was willful, the entire historical administrative record of the licensee shall be considered.”.

SEC. 5. Reconsideration of denied applications from former firearm licensees, in light of new rules pertaining to willfullness; reversal of license revocations, suspensions and denials made while certain ATF orders are in effect.

(a) Reconsideration of applications.—The Attorney General shall reconsider each application for a license under chapter 44 of title 18, United States Code, that is submitted by a person formerly licensed under such chapter whose application for a license under such chapter was denied before the date of the enactment of this Act, and that was disposed of on or before such date of enactment, and, in doing so, the Attorney General shall apply the amendments made by section 4 of this Act.

(b) Reversal of revocations, suspension, and denials.—In the case of any person whose license under chapter 44 of title 18, United States Code, is revoked or suspended, or whose application for such a license is denied, while ATF Order 5370.1E, ATF Order 5370.1F, or ATF Order 5370.1G is in effect, the Attorney General shall, absent clear and convincing evidence that the continued operation by the licensee of the business subject to the license poses an immediate and grave threat to public safety—

(1) (A) in the case of such a revocation, reinstate the license;

(B) in the case of such a suspension, end the suspension; or

(C) in the case of such a denial, reconsider the application; and

(2) in each case, reimburse the person for all legal fees incurred by the person, while the Order is in effect, with respect to any proceeding involving the revocation, suspension, or application.

(c) Establishment of website for administration of relief.—

(1) IN GENERAL.—Within 120 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Attorney General shall—

(A) establish a website, entitled “gunrightsrestored.gov”, through which a person described in subsection (a) or (b) may submit a claim for the reimbursement described in subsection (b)(2); and

(B) publish in the Federal Register all information about how such a person may so submit such a claim.

(2) NONDELEGATION.—The Attorney General may not delegate the implementation of paragraph (1) to any entity that is not in the Office of the Attorney General or the Office of the Deputy Attorney General.

(d) Reports.—Within 6 months after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Attorney General and the Inspector General of the Department of Justice shall prepare and submit to the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives and the Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate separate reports on the implementation of this section.

SEC. 6. Establishment of formal inspection, examination, and investigative standards.

(a) In general.—The Attorney General shall establish written standards for how the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives is to—

(1) conduct inspections, examinations, or investigations of a possible violation of chapter 40 or 44 of title 18, United States Code; and

(2) make license application denial, license suspension, license revocation or other adverse determinations regarding an applicant or licensee.

(b) Inclusion of mitigating factors.—The standards shall include mitigation factors that must be considered before the Attorney General initiates any adverse action against an applicant or licensee.

(c) Availability.—The written standards shall be made available to the public, and shall be provided by the Attorney General to applicants and licensees at the time of any license application and on demand.

SEC. 7. Limitations on use of firearms purchaser information.

Section 923(g)(1)(D) of title 18, United States Code, is amended in the last sentence by inserting “, except that information identifying a person who has purchased or received firearms or ammunition and who is not prohibited from doing so may not be so made available or so provided unless the agency involved has certified that the agency will not disclose the information to any entity other than a court, federal, State or local law enforcement agency, or prosecutor” before the period.

SEC. 8. Liquidation of inventory in Federal firearms license expiration, surrender, or revocation cases.

Section 923 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:

“(m) (1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), an entity whose license issued under this chapter is expired, surrendered, or revoked shall be afforded 90 days from the effective date of the expiration, surrender, or revocation (not counting any period in which an appeal of such a revocation is pending) to liquidate the firearms business inventory of the entity, which time may be extended on a showing of reasonable cause. During the 90-day period (including any extension of the period), the license involved shall continue to be considered valid, notwithstanding the expiration, surrender, or revocation, and the Attorney General shall issue letters of authorization to the entity on which licensees under this chapter and commercial third parties may rely. At any time before the expiration of the disposition period, the entity may transfer any remaining firearms from the firearms business inventory of the entity to the entity or, if more than 1 person holds an interest in the entity, to the interest holders, at which point the firearms are deemed to be a personal collection of the entity or interest holders, as the case may be.

“(2) Paragraph (1) shall not apply with respect to a person if a United States district court for the judicial district in which the person resides or in which the principal place of business of the person subject to the license is located finds, by clear and convincing evidence, that the continued operation by the person of the firearms business involved poses an immediate and grave threat to public safety, in which case the person may transfer all firearms from the firearms business inventory of the person to the personal collection of the person or to another licensee for consignment or other liquidation at the direction of the person.”.

SEC. 9. Opportunity to cure violations after acquisition of firearms business.

Section 923 of title 18, United States Code, is further amended by adding at the end the following:

“(n) If the Attorney General is made aware that a business licensed under this chapter has been transferred to a surviving spouse or child of the licensee, to an executor, administrator, or other legal representative of a deceased or incompetent licensee, to a receiver or trustee in bankruptcy, to an assignee for benefit of creditors, or to an entity holding a security interest in an item as collateral pursuant to Article 9 of the Uniform Commercial Code (U.C.C. § 9–102(a)(73)), and, before the transfer, or on the first inspection or examination by the Attorney General of the records of the licensee after the transfer, the licensee is found to be operating the business in violation of this chapter, the Attorney General—

“(1) shall notify the transferee of the violation by the transferor; and

“(2) shall not presume that the transferee is committing the violation.”.

SEC. 10. Standards for criminal violations of recordkeeping requirements.

Section 922(m) of title 18, United States Code, is amended—

(1) by striking “any false entry” and inserting “a materially false entry”;

(2) by striking “appropriate entry” and inserting “a materially significant entry”; and

(3) by striking “properly maintain” and inserting “retain custody of”.

H.R.645 – National Constitutional Carry Act

To enforce the rights protected by the Second and Fourteenth Amendments against the States.

SEC. 2. Findings.

Congress finds the following:

(1) Recognizing the preexisting right to self-defense, the Second Amendment to the Constitution of the United States guarantees individually to American citizens the right “to keep and bear arms”, including the right to bear arms in public.

(2) The Second Amendment decrees that these rights to keep and bear arms “shall not be infringed”, and was enumerated in order to preserve “the security of a free State”.

(3) In District of Columbia v. Heller (554 U.S. 570, 595 (2008)), the Supreme Court confirmed that “[t]here seems to us no doubt, on the basis of both text and history, that the Second Amendment conferred an individual right to keep and bear arms”.

(4) In McDonald v. City of Chicago (561 U.S. 742, 791 (2010)), the Supreme Court ruled that the Fourteenth Amendment makes the Second Amendment fully applicable to the States. Four Justices concluded that the rights protected by the Second Amendment are fundamental to the Nation’s scheme of ordered liberty and deeply rooted in this Nation’s “history and tradition”, and therefore incorporated to the States through the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. Justice Thomas agreed that the rights protected by the Second Amendment are both “fundamental” and “deeply rooted” and, as such, are enforceable against the States under the Fourteenth Amendment’s Privileges and Immunities Clause.

(5) Recently, the Supreme Court acknowledged in New York State Rifle & Pistol Ass’n v. Bruen (142 S. Ct. 2111, 2156 (2022)), that the Second and Fourteenth Amendments protect the individual right to carry arms outside the home for self-defense. Further, the Court reiterated that the Second Amendment’s otherwise “unqualified command” only accommodates laws that are “consistent with this Nation’s historical tradition of firearm regulation” (Id. at 2126).

(6) Certain States and localities have enacted gun control laws that are not consistent with the text of the Second Amendment or this Nation’s historical tradition of firearm regulation. The criminalization of peaceable, public firearms carry is repugnant to the original meaning of the Second Amendment.

(7) Any State or local restriction on the right of American citizens to keep and bear arms impairs the ability of the Second Amendment to achieve its textually specified purpose, “the security of a free State”.

SEC. 3. The right to keep and bear arms.

(a) In general.—Section 927 of title 18, United States Code, is amended to read as follows:

“§ 927. The right to keep and bear arms

“(a) No State or political subdivision of a State may impose a criminal or civil penalty on, or otherwise indirectly limit the carrying of firearms (including by imposing a financial or other barrier to entry) in public by residents or nonresidents of that State who are citizens of the United States and otherwise eligible to possess firearms under State and Federal law.

“(b) Any statute, ordinance, regulation, custom, or usage of a State or a political subdivision of a State that criminalizes, penalizes, or otherwise indirectly dissuades the carrying of firearms (including by imposing a financial or other barrier to entry) in public by any resident or nonresident who is a United States citizen and otherwise eligible to possess firearms under State and Federal law, shall have no force or effect.

“(c) The term ‘State’ as used in this section includes the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and the possessions of the United States (not including the Canal Zone).

“(d) The term ‘public’ as used in this section—

“(1) includes any place held open to the public, regardless of ownership, but in the case of a privately-owned location held open to the public, does not include a place where the owner communicates clearly and conspicuously a prohibition of firearms on the premises; and

“(2) does not include a place where screening for firearms is conducted under State law.”.

(b) Clerical amendment.—The table of sections for such chapter is amended by striking the item relating to section 927 and inserting the following:

“927. The right to keep and bear arms.”.

H.R.1307 – To establish the Office of Gun Violence Prevention, and for other purposes.

H. R. 38 Constitutional Concealed Carry Reciprocity Act

To amend title 18, United States Code, to provide a means by which nonresidents of a State whose residents may carry concealed firearms may also do so in the State.

SEC. 2. Reciprocity for the carrying of certain concealed firearms.

(a) In general.—Chapter 44 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by inserting after section 926C the following:

“§ 926D. Reciprocity for the carrying of certain concealed firearms

“(a) Notwithstanding any provision of the law of any State or political subdivision thereof (except as provided in subsection (b)) and subject only to the requirements of this section, a person who is not prohibited by Federal law from possessing, transporting, shipping, or receiving a firearm, who is carrying a valid identification document containing a photograph of the person, and who is carrying a valid license or permit which is issued pursuant to the law of a State and which permits the person to carry a concealed firearm or is entitled to carry a concealed firearm in the State in which the person resides, may possess or carry a concealed handgun (other than a machine gun or destructive device) that has been shipped or transported in interstate or foreign commerce, in any State that—

“(1) has a statute under which residents of the State may apply for a license or permit to carry a concealed firearm; or

“(2) does not prohibit the carrying of concealed firearms by residents of the State for lawful purposes.

“(b) This section shall not be construed to supersede or limit the laws of any State that—

“(1) permit private persons or entities to prohibit or restrict the possession of concealed firearms on their property; or

“(2) prohibit or restrict the possession of firearms on any State or local government property, installation, building, or base.

“(c) (1) A person who carries or possesses a concealed handgun in accordance with subsections (a) and (b) may not be arrested or otherwise detained for violation of any law or any rule or regulation of a State or any political subdivision thereof related to the possession, transportation, or carrying of firearms unless there is probable cause to believe that the person is doing so in a manner not provided for by this section. Presentation of facially valid documents as specified in subsection (a) is prima facie evidence that the individual has a license or permit as required by this section.

“(2) When a person asserts this section as a defense in a criminal proceeding, the prosecution shall bear the burden of proving, beyond a reasonable doubt, that the conduct of the person did not satisfy the conditions set forth in subsections (a) and (b).

“(3) When a person successfully asserts this section as a defense in a criminal proceeding, the court shall award the prevailing defendant a reasonable attorney’s fee.

“(d) (1) A person who is deprived of any right, privilege, or immunity secured by this section, under color of any statute, ordinance, regulation, custom, or usage of any State or any political subdivision thereof, may bring an action in any appropriate court against any other person, including a State or political subdivision thereof, who causes the person to be subject to the deprivation, for damages or other appropriate relief.

“(2) The court shall award a plaintiff prevailing in an action brought under paragraph (1) damages and such other relief as the court deems appropriate, including a reasonable attorney’s fee.

“(e) In subsection (a):

“(1) The term ‘identification document’ means a document made or issued by or under the authority of the United States Government, a State, or a political subdivision of a State which, when completed with information concerning a particular individual, is of a type intended or commonly accepted for the purpose of identification of individuals.

“(2) The term ‘handgun’ includes any magazine for use in a handgun and any ammunition loaded into the handgun or its magazine.

“(f) (1) A person who possesses or carries a concealed handgun under subsection (a) shall not be subject to the prohibitions of section 922(q).

“(2) A person possessing or carrying a concealed handgun in a State under subsection (a) may do so in any of the following areas in the State that are open to the public:

“(A) A unit of the National Park System.

“(B) A unit of the National Wildlife Refuge System.

“(C) Public land under the jurisdiction of the Bureau of Land Management.

“(D) Land administered and managed by the Army Corps of Engineers.

“(E) Land administered and managed by the Bureau of Reclamation.

“(F) Land administered and managed by the Forest Service.”.

(b) Clerical amendment.—The table of sections for such chapter is amended by inserting after the item relating to section 926C the following:

“926D. Reciprocity for the carrying of certain concealed firearms.”.

(c) Severability.—Notwithstanding any other provision of this Act, if any provision of this section, or any amendment made by this section, or the application of such provision or amendment to any person or cir­cum­stance is held to be unconstitutional, this section and amendments made by this section and the application of such provision or amendment to other persons or circumstances shall not be affected thereby.

(d) Effective date.—The amendments made by this section shall take effect 90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act.

1. R. 45 “Firearm Industry Non-Discrimination Act” or the “FIND Act”.

To amend title 41, United States Code, to prohibit the Federal Government from entering into contracts with an entity that discriminates against the firearm and ammunition industry, and for other purposes.

SEC. 2. Prohibition on entering into contracts with entities discriminating against the firearm and ammunition industry.

(a) Prohibition.—Chapter 47 of title 41, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:

“§ 4715. Prohibition on entering into contracts with entities discriminating against the firearm and ammunition industry.

“(a) Prohibition.—

“(1) IN GENERAL.—The head of an executive agency shall include in each contract for the procurement of goods or services awarded by the executive agency, a clause requiring the prime contractor to certify that the contractor—

“(A) has no policy, practice, guidance, or directive that discriminates against a firearm entity or firearm trade association; and

“(B) will not adopt a policy, practice, guidance, or directive that discriminates against a firearm entity or firearm trade association during the term of the contract.

“(2) SUBCONTRACTS.—The head of an executive agency shall include in each contract for the procurement of goods or services awarded by the executive agency, a clause that prohibits the prime contractor on such contract from—

“(A) awarding a first-tier subcontract with a value greater than 10 percent of the total value of the prime contract to an entity that fails to certify in writing to the prime contractor that the entity—

“(i) has no policy, practice, guidance, or directive that discriminates against a firearm entity or firearm trade association; and

“(ii) will not adopt a policy, practice, guidance, or directive that discriminates against a firearm entity or firearm trade association during the term of the contract; and

“(B) structuring subcontract tiers in a manner designed to avoid violating subparagraph (A) by enabling a subcontractor to perform more than 10 percent of the total value of the prime contract as a lower-tier subcontractor.

“(3) PENALTIES.—The clause included in contracts pursuant to paragraph (1) or paragraph (2) shall provide that, in the event that the prime contractor violates the clause—

“(A) the prime contract shall be terminated for default; and

“(B) a suspension or debarment proceeding will be initiated for the contractor on the basis of the violation.

“(b) Exception.—Subsection (a) shall not apply to a contract for the procurement of goods or services that is a sole-source contract.

“(c) Definitions.—In this section:

“(1) DISCRIMINATE.—The term ‘discriminate’ means to—

“(A) make a judgement about a policy, practice, guidance, or directive on the basis of—

“(i) partial criteria or a category-based assessment analysis, rather than—

“(I) on a case-by-case basis; or

“(II) using empirical data evaluated under quantifiable standards; or

“(ii) criteria other than criteria free from—

“(I) favoritism or prejudice against or dislike for the firearm entity or trade association or the products or services sold by the firearm entity or trade association; or

“(II) favoritism for market alternatives to the business of the firearm entity or the trade association;

“(B) refuse to provide services, or deny, cancel, or limit services, to the firearm entity or trade association on the basis of criteria other than—

“(i) criteria free from—

“(I) favoritism or prejudice against or dislike for the firearm entity or trade association or the products or services sold by the firearm entity or trade association; or

“(II) favoritism for market alternatives to the business of the firearm entity or the trade association;

“(ii) criteria related to credit history and financial risk specific to a customer or potential customer; or

“(iii) criteria related to noncompliance with Federal, State, or local law; or

“(C) limit the operations of the firearm entity or trade association in manner not required by—

“(i) Federal, State, or local law; or

“(ii) Federal, State, or local regulation.

“(2) FIREARM ENTITY.—The term ‘firearm entity’ means any—

“(A) person who is licensed under section 923 of title 18 to import, manufacture, or deal in firearms;

“(B) seller of ammunition, as defined in section 7903 of title 15;

“(C) manufacturer or importer of, or dealer in, a secure gun storage or safety device, as defined in section 921(a) of title 18; and

“(D) manufacturer or importer of, or dealer in, a component part or accessory of a firearm or ammunition.

“(3) FIREARM TRADE ASSOCIATION.—The term ‘firearm trade association’ has the meaning in section 7903 of title 15.

“(4) FIRST-TIER SUBCONTRACT.—The term ‘first-tier subcontract’ means a subcontract entered into by a subcontractor with the prime contractor for the purposes of carrying out the prime contract.

“(5) LOWER-TIER SUBCONTRACTOR.—The term ‘lower-tier subcontractor’ means any person entering into a contract with a subcontractor of a prime contractor for the purposes of carrying out the prime contract.

“(6) PRIME CONTRACT; PRIME CONTRACTOR.—The terms ‘prime contract’ and ‘prime contractor’ have the meaning given those terms in section 8701 of title 41.”.

(b) Application.—Section 4715 of title 41, United States Code, as added by subsection (a), shall apply with respect to contracts awarded on or after the date of the enactment of this Act.

(c) Clerical amendment.—The table of sections for chapter 47 of title 41, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:

“4715. Prohibition on entering into contracts with entities discriminating against the firearm and ammunition industry.”.

H. R. 221 Abolish the ATF Act

To abolish the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives.

SEC. 2. Abolishment of the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives.

The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives is hereby abolished.

1. R. 223 Preventing Unjust Red Flag Laws Act of 2025

SEC. 2. Prohibition on funding for implementation and enforcement of red flag laws or rules.

(a) Prohibition on funding.—None of the funds made available for any Federal department or agency may be used to—

(1) implement or enforce Federal red flag laws; or

(2) provide assistance to States, local, tribal, or territorial government departments or agencies for the implementation or enforcement of red flag laws.

(b) Red flag law defined.—In this section, the term “red flag law” means a risk-based, temporary, and preemptive protective order that authorizes the removal of a firearm without due process.

H.R.335 – Repeal the NFA Act

SEC. 2. Repeal of National Firearms Act.

Chapter 53 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, and the item relating to such chapter in the table of chapters for subtitle E, are hereby repealed.

H.R.404 – Hearing Protection Act

SEC. 2. Equal treatment of silencers and firearms.

(a) In general.—Section 5845(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by striking “(7) any silencer” and all that follows through “; and (8)” and inserting “and (7)”.

(b) Effective date.—The amendment made by this section shall apply to calendar quarters beginning more than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act.

SEC. 3. Treatment of certain silencers.

Section 5841 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by adding at the end the following:

“(f) Firearm silencers.—A person acquiring or possessing a firearm silencer in accordance with chapter 44 of title 18, United States Code, shall be treated as meeting any registration and licensing requirements of the National Firearms Act with respect to such silencer.”.

SEC. 4. Preemption of certain State laws in relation to firearm silencers.

H.R.624 – RIFLE Act of 2025 or “Reining In Federal Licensing Enforcement Act of 2025” 

To reform the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives.

SEC. 2. Graduated penalties for civil violations by Federal firearms licensees.

Section 923 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by striking subsections (e) and (f) and inserting the following:

“(e) (1) (A) If the Attorney General determines that a licensee under this section has violated this chapter—

“(i) in the case of a violation that is not willful, the Attorney General shall notify the licensee of the violation and work with the licensee to rectify the violation within a commercially reasonable time frame; or

“(ii) in the case of a willful violation, if the Attorney General, after working with the licensee to rectify the violation within a commercially reasonable time frame, finds that a lesser action (such as a warning, warning letter, or warning conference) is not likely to lead to future compliance, and the Attorney General seeks revocation of the license in an administrative action, the Attorney General may—

“(I) if the licensee has no history of noncompliance with this chapter, suspend the license for not more than 30 days or such lesser period as would apply on compliance with such conditions as are specified by the Attorney General; or

“(II) in any other case, revoke the license.

“(B) In applying subparagraph (A), the Attorney General shall presume that the violation is not willful, absent clear and convincing evidence to the contrary.

“(C) For purposes of subparagraph (A):

“(i) A violation of this chapter with respect to 2 or more firearms during a single transaction shall be considered a single violation.

“(ii) A violation of this chapter with respect to any category of record keeping requirements, even if involving multiple instances, shall be considered a single violation.

“(D) The Attorney General may not commence an enforcement action under subparagraph (A) with respect to a violation, after the 3-year period that begins with—

“(i) the date the violation occurred; or

“(ii) if the licensee intentionally obstructed discovery of the violation, the date the violation is discovered.

“(E) The Attorney General may not commence an enforcement action under subparagraph (A) with respect to a violation without first notifying the licensee of the reasons for the contemplated action and affording the licensee an opportunity to demonstrate or achieve compliance with this chapter and to submit facts, arguments, or proposals of adjustment.

“(2) (A) (i) Not less than 60 days before the effective date of any penalty imposed on a licensee by reason of a determination made under paragraph (1), the Attorney General shall send the licensee a written notice by certified return receipt mail—

“(I) of the determination, and the grounds on which the determination was made;

“(II) that sets forth the facts on which the Attorney General relied as a basis for the determination, including the facts pertaining to any determination of willfulness;

“(III) of the nature of the penalty; and

“(IV) that the licensee may, within 60 days after receipt of the notice, request in writing a hearing to review the determination.

“(ii) Within 5 calendar days after serving the written notice on the licensee, the Attorney General, shall give written notice to the licensee of the date the written notice was so served and provide the licensee with proof of the service.

“(B) A hearing to review a determination made under paragraph (1) with respect to a licensee shall not be held unless the licensee or an agent of the licensee requests such a hearing within 60 days after receiving the written notice required by subparagraph (A), and if held, shall be open to the public

“(C) On timely receipt from the licensee of a request for such a review, the Attorney General shall stay the imposition of any penalty under paragraph (1), pending resolution of the hearing, unless, in the case of a license revocation, the Attorney General establishes, at a hearing before an administrative law judge, by clear and convincing evidence, that the licensee committed the violation willfully and that the continued operation by the licensee of the business involved poses an immediate and grave threat to public safety.

“(3) (A) Within not fewer than 60 days after timely receipt from a licensee or an agent of the licensee of a written request for a hearing to review a determination made under paragraph (1) (or at such later time as is agreed to by the Attorney General and the licensee), an administrative law judge shall hold an evidentiary hearing, at a location convenient to the licensee, to review the determination, except that, if the licensee moves for leave to take the deposition of any witness identified by the Attorney General or any officer or employee of the Department of Justice who was involved in the inspection or examination, or any prior inspection or examination on which the Attorney General relies, the administrative law judge shall grant the motion and adjust the hearing date accordingly.

“(B) Not less than 30 days before the hearing, the Attorney General shall deliver to the licensee—

“(i) a document identifying each person whom the Attorney General intends to call as a witness during the hearing and a summary of the proposed sworn testimony of the witness;

“(ii) a copy of each document, in unredacted form, that will be introduced by the Attorney General as evidence at the hearing;

“(iii) copies of all documents on which the determination is based;

“(iv) a complete copy of the file of the licensee maintained by the Attorney General; and

“(v) a sworn statement from the Attorney General as to whether or not there is a pending criminal investigation by the Attorney General of the licensee, which statement shall be supplemented or amended by the Attorney General if a criminal investigation is initiated before the conclusion of the hearing.

“(C) (i) Within 120 days after the hearing, the administrative law judge shall issue a written decision setting forth findings of fact and conclusions of law, and a decision as to whether to affirm, modify, or reverse the determination.

“(ii) The findings of fact and conclusions of law and decision of the administrative law judge shall be—

“(I) de novo and not predicated on a presumption that the determination of the Attorney General was correct; and

“(II) based on a clear and convincing standard of proof, which shall be borne by the Attorney General.

“(iii) The administrative law judge shall not make a determination to revoke a license unless the administrative law judge finds, by clear and convincing evidence, that—

“(I) the Attorney General notified the licensee in writing of all reasons for the contemplated action of the Attorney General;

“(II) the Attorney General afforded the licensee a commercially reasonable opportunity to demonstrate or achieve compliance with this chapter; and

“(III) the licensee has not complied, and is unlikely to be able to achieve compliance, with this chapter.

“(iv) The Attorney General shall provide to the licensee a complete copy of the hearing transcript, including exhibits, within 60 days after the date of the hearing.

“(D) On request of the licensee, the Attorney General shall stay the effective date of any penalty, suspension, or revocation until there is a final, unreviewable judgment with respect to the determination of the administrative law judge, unless, in the case of a license revocation, the Attorney General establishes, at a hearing before an administrative law judge, by clear and convincing evidence, that the licensee committed the violation willfully and that the continued operation by the licensee of the business involved poses an immediate and grave threat to public safety.

“(E) An action of an administrative law judge under this subsection shall be considered final agency action for all purposes, and may be reviewed only as provided in subsection (f).

“(4) This subsection shall not be interpreted to affect the authority of the Attorney General under section 922(t)(5), except that the provisions of section 922(t)(5) regarding notice and opportunity for a hearing shall be subject to the procedural and evidentiary requirements provided in this subsection.

“(f) (1) Within 60 days after a party receives a notice issued under subsection (d) of a decision to deny a license, or a notice issued under subsection (e)(3)(C) of a determination to suspend or revoke a license, the party may file a petition with the United States district court for the district in which the party resides or has a principal place of business for a de novo trial of the determination.

“(2) In a proceeding conducted under this subsection, the court shall, on application of a party, consider any evidence submitted by the parties to the proceeding whether or not the evidence was considered at the hearing held under subsection (d) or (e)(3).

“(3) (A) If the court decides that the determination was not authorized by law, the court shall order the Attorney General to take such action as may be necessary to comply with the judgment of the court.

“(B) The court shall not make a determination to revoke a license unless the court finds, by clear and convincing evidence, that—

“(i) the Attorney General notified the licensee in writing of all reasons for the contemplated action of the Attorney General;

“(ii) the Attorney General afforded the licensee a commercially reasonable opportunity to demonstrate or achieve compliance with this chapter; and

“(iii) the licensee has not complied, and is unlikely to be able to comply, with this chapter.

“(4) If criminal proceedings are instituted against an applicant for a license under this chapter or a licensee alleging a violation of this chapter, and the applicant or licensee, as the case may be, is acquitted of the charges, or the proceedings are terminated, other than on motion of the Government before trial on the charges, the Attorney General shall be absolutely barred from denying a license under this chapter, or suspending or revoking a license granted under this chapter, if the action would be based in whole or in part on the facts which form the basis of the criminal charges.

“(5) The Attorney General may not institute a proceeding to suspend or revoke a license granted under this chapter, more than 1 year after the filing of the indictment or information.

“(6) The Attorney General may not institute a proceeding to suspend or revoke a license granted under this chapter, based on a violation that is finally determined to have occurred with respect to a different license.”.

SEC. 3. Consideration of Federal firearms license applications.

Section 923(d) of title 18, United States Code, is amended by striking paragraph (2) and inserting the following:

“(2) The Attorney General shall make a preliminary determination as to whether to approve or deny an application submitted under subsection (a) or (b). If the preliminary determination is to deny the application, the Attorney General shall notify the applicant in writing of the preliminary determination and the reasons for the preliminary determination, and shall afford the applicant an opportunity to supplement the application with additional information and to request a hearing on the application. If the applicant, in a timely manner, requests such a hearing, the Attorney General shall hold the hearing at a location convenient to the applicant, and shall notify the applicant in writing of the time and place of the hearing.

“(3) The Attorney General may not deny an application for a license based on—

“(A) any prior violation of this chapter by the applicant, if more than 5 years have elapsed since the date a license previously issued to the applicant under this chapter was terminated, unless the Attorney General finds that the applicant is a person described in section 922(g);

“(B) the applicant having been employed by, or a responsible party for, a licensee whose license under this chapter was revoked, unless there is clear and convincing evidence that the applicant willfully violated this chapter in that capacity; or

“(C) the applicant being a spouse, former spouse, or child of a licensee whose license under this chapter was revoked, unless there is clear and convincing evidence that the applicant willfully violated this chapter as a responsible party under the license.

“(4) The procedures provided for in subsection (e) shall apply with respect to any applicant for a license under this chapter and any application for such a license.”.

SEC. 4. Definition of “willfully”; certain evidence inadmissible to prove willfulness.

Section 923(e) of title 18, United States Code, as amended by section 2(a) of this Act, is amended by adding at the end the following:

“(5) For purposes of this subsection, the term ‘willfully’ means, with respect to conduct of an individual who holds a license or is designated in the records of the Attorney General as a responsible party under a specific license, that the person—

“(A) had actual knowledge of a clearly established legal duty;

“(B) understood the obligation imposed by the legal duty; and

“(C) engaged in the conduct knowingly and in deliberate disregard of the legal duty.

“(6) Evidence that a person has received a document or other communication containing information about a requirement imposed by or under this chapter and evidence that the person has signed an acknowledgment that the person understands the legal obligations of the person under this chapter shall not be admissible as part of the determination of the Attorney General, in an administrative law hearing or in a court of law, to prove actual knowledge and shall not be admissible as evidence to establish a willful violation of this chapter.

“(7) Evidence that a person has substantial experience as a licensee, or has in other instances successfully complied with this chapter, shall not be admissible as part of the determination of the Attorney General, in an administrative law hearing or in a court of law, to prove actual knowledge and shall not be admissible as evidence to established a willful violation of this chapter.

“(8) In determining under this subsection whether conduct of a licensee was willful, the entire historical administrative record of the licensee shall be considered.”.

SEC. 5. Reconsideration of denied applications from former firearm licensees, in light of new rules pertaining to willfullness; reversal of license revocations, suspensions and denials made while certain ATF orders are in effect.

(a) Reconsideration of applications.—The Attorney General shall reconsider each application for a license under chapter 44 of title 18, United States Code, that is submitted by a person formerly licensed under such chapter whose application for a license under such chapter was denied before the date of the enactment of this Act, and that was disposed of on or before such date of enactment, and, in doing so, the Attorney General shall apply the amendments made by section 4 of this Act.

(b) Reversal of revocations, suspension, and denials.—In the case of any person whose license under chapter 44 of title 18, United States Code, is revoked or suspended, or whose application for such a license is denied, while ATF Order 5370.1E, ATF Order 5370.1F, or ATF Order 5370.1G is in effect, the Attorney General shall, absent clear and convincing evidence that the continued operation by the licensee of the business subject to the license poses an immediate and grave threat to public safety—

(1) (A) in the case of such a revocation, reinstate the license;

(B) in the case of such a suspension, end the suspension; or

(C) in the case of such a denial, reconsider the application; and

(2) in each case, reimburse the person for all legal fees incurred by the person, while the Order is in effect, with respect to any proceeding involving the revocation, suspension, or application.

(c) Establishment of website for administration of relief.—

(1) IN GENERAL.—Within 120 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Attorney General shall—

(A) establish a website, entitled “gunrightsrestored.gov”, through which a person described in subsection (a) or (b) may submit a claim for the reimbursement described in subsection (b)(2); and

(B) publish in the Federal Register all information about how such a person may so submit such a claim.

(2) NONDELEGATION.—The Attorney General may not delegate the implementation of paragraph (1) to any entity that is not in the Office of the Attorney General or the Office of the Deputy Attorney General.

(d) Reports.—Within 6 months after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Attorney General and the Inspector General of the Department of Justice shall prepare and submit to the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives and the Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate separate reports on the implementation of this section.

SEC. 6. Establishment of formal inspection, examination, and investigative standards.

(a) In general.—The Attorney General shall establish written standards for how the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives is to—

(1) conduct inspections, examinations, or investigations of a possible violation of chapter 40 or 44 of title 18, United States Code; and

(2) make license application denial, license suspension, license revocation or other adverse determinations regarding an applicant or licensee.

(b) Inclusion of mitigating factors.—The standards shall include mitigation factors that must be considered before the Attorney General initiates any adverse action against an applicant or licensee.

(c) Availability.—The written standards shall be made available to the public, and shall be provided by the Attorney General to applicants and licensees at the time of any license application and on demand.

SEC. 7. Limitations on use of firearms purchaser information.

Section 923(g)(1)(D) of title 18, United States Code, is amended in the last sentence by inserting “, except that information identifying a person who has purchased or received firearms or ammunition and who is not prohibited from doing so may not be so made available or so provided unless the agency involved has certified that the agency will not disclose the information to any entity other than a court, federal, State or local law enforcement agency, or prosecutor” before the period.

SEC. 8. Liquidation of inventory in Federal firearms license expiration, surrender, or revocation cases.

Section 923 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:

“(m) (1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), an entity whose license issued under this chapter is expired, surrendered, or revoked shall be afforded 90 days from the effective date of the expiration, surrender, or revocation (not counting any period in which an appeal of such a revocation is pending) to liquidate the firearms business inventory of the entity, which time may be extended on a showing of reasonable cause. During the 90-day period (including any extension of the period), the license involved shall continue to be considered valid, notwithstanding the expiration, surrender, or revocation, and the Attorney General shall issue letters of authorization to the entity on which licensees under this chapter and commercial third parties may rely. At any time before the expiration of the disposition period, the entity may transfer any remaining firearms from the firearms business inventory of the entity to the entity or, if more than 1 person holds an interest in the entity, to the interest holders, at which point the firearms are deemed to be a personal collection of the entity or interest holders, as the case may be.

“(2) Paragraph (1) shall not apply with respect to a person if a United States district court for the judicial district in which the person resides or in which the principal place of business of the person subject to the license is located finds, by clear and convincing evidence, that the continued operation by the person of the firearms business involved poses an immediate and grave threat to public safety, in which case the person may transfer all firearms from the firearms business inventory of the person to the personal collection of the person or to another licensee for consignment or other liquidation at the direction of the person.”.

SEC. 9. Opportunity to cure violations after acquisition of firearms business.

Section 923 of title 18, United States Code, is further amended by adding at the end the following:

“(n) If the Attorney General is made aware that a business licensed under this chapter has been transferred to a surviving spouse or child of the licensee, to an executor, administrator, or other legal representative of a deceased or incompetent licensee, to a receiver or trustee in bankruptcy, to an assignee for benefit of creditors, or to an entity holding a security interest in an item as collateral pursuant to Article 9 of the Uniform Commercial Code (U.C.C. § 9–102(a)(73)), and, before the transfer, or on the first inspection or examination by the Attorney General of the records of the licensee after the transfer, the licensee is found to be operating the business in violation of this chapter, the Attorney General—

“(1) shall notify the transferee of the violation by the transferor; and

“(2) shall not presume that the transferee is committing the violation.”.

SEC. 10. Standards for criminal violations of recordkeeping requirements.

Section 922(m) of title 18, United States Code, is amended—

(1) by striking “any false entry” and inserting “a materially false entry”;

(2) by striking “appropriate entry” and inserting “a materially significant entry”; and

(3) by striking “properly maintain” and inserting “retain custody of”.

H.R.645 – National Constitutional Carry Act

To enforce the rights protected by the Second and Fourteenth Amendments against the States.

SEC. 2. Findings.

Congress finds the following:

(1) Recognizing the preexisting right to self-defense, the Second Amendment to the Constitution of the United States guarantees individually to American citizens the right “to keep and bear arms”, including the right to bear arms in public.

(2) The Second Amendment decrees that these rights to keep and bear arms “shall not be infringed”, and was enumerated in order to preserve “the security of a free State”.

(3) In District of Columbia v. Heller (554 U.S. 570, 595 (2008)), the Supreme Court confirmed that “[t]here seems to us no doubt, on the basis of both text and history, that the Second Amendment conferred an individual right to keep and bear arms”.

(4) In McDonald v. City of Chicago (561 U.S. 742, 791 (2010)), the Supreme Court ruled that the Fourteenth Amendment makes the Second Amendment fully applicable to the States. Four Justices concluded that the rights protected by the Second Amendment are fundamental to the Nation’s scheme of ordered liberty and deeply rooted in this Nation’s “history and tradition”, and therefore incorporated to the States through the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. Justice Thomas agreed that the rights protected by the Second Amendment are both “fundamental” and “deeply rooted” and, as such, are enforceable against the States under the Fourteenth Amendment’s Privileges and Immunities Clause.

(5) Recently, the Supreme Court acknowledged in New York State Rifle & Pistol Ass’n v. Bruen (142 S. Ct. 2111, 2156 (2022)), that the Second and Fourteenth Amendments protect the individual right to carry arms outside the home for self-defense. Further, the Court reiterated that the Second Amendment’s otherwise “unqualified command” only accommodates laws that are “consistent with this Nation’s historical tradition of firearm regulation” (Id. at 2126).

(6) Certain States and localities have enacted gun control laws that are not consistent with the text of the Second Amendment or this Nation’s historical tradition of firearm regulation. The criminalization of peaceable, public firearms carry is repugnant to the original meaning of the Second Amendment.

(7) Any State or local restriction on the right of American citizens to keep and bear arms impairs the ability of the Second Amendment to achieve its textually specified purpose, “the security of a free State”.

SEC. 3. The right to keep and bear arms.

(a) In general.—Section 927 of title 18, United States Code, is amended to read as follows:

“§ 927. The right to keep and bear arms

“(a) No State or political subdivision of a State may impose a criminal or civil penalty on, or otherwise indirectly limit the carrying of firearms (including by imposing a financial or other barrier to entry) in public by residents or nonresidents of that State who are citizens of the United States and otherwise eligible to possess firearms under State and Federal law.

“(b) Any statute, ordinance, regulation, custom, or usage of a State or a political subdivision of a State that criminalizes, penalizes, or otherwise indirectly dissuades the carrying of firearms (including by imposing a financial or other barrier to entry) in public by any resident or nonresident who is a United States citizen and otherwise eligible to possess firearms under State and Federal law, shall have no force or effect.

“(c) The term ‘State’ as used in this section includes the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and the possessions of the United States (not including the Canal Zone).

“(d) The term ‘public’ as used in this section—

“(1) includes any place held open to the public, regardless of ownership, but in the case of a privately-owned location held open to the public, does not include a place where the owner communicates clearly and conspicuously a prohibition of firearms on the premises; and

“(2) does not include a place where screening for firearms is conducted under State law.”.

(b) Clerical amendment.—The table of sections for such chapter is amended by striking the item relating to section 927 and inserting the following:

“927. The right to keep and bear arms.”.

H.R.1307 – To establish the Office of Gun Violence Prevention, and for other purposes.

H.R.50 – KAMALA Act or Keeping Aid for Municipalities And Localities Accountable Act

Summary: This bill prohibits the use of Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) funding to assist non-U.S. nationals (aliens under federal law) who are not lawfully admitted permanent residents. The CDBG program is administered by the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) and provides states, local governments, and Indian tribes with funds for economic and community development.

The bill also specifically prohibits HUD from making a CDBG grant to any state, local government, or Indian tribe that carries out a housing or community development program that assists such individuals.

To prohibit grants provided under section 106 of the Housing and Community Development Act of 1974 from being used to assist persons who are neither a national of the United States nor lawfully admitted for permanent residence, and for other purposes.

SEC. 2. Prohibition on assistance for persons not lawfully present.

(a) In general.—Section 105 of the Housing and Community Development Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5305) is amended by adding at the end the following:

“(i) Prohibition on use of assistance for persons not lawfully present.—Notwithstanding any other provision of law, no amount from a grant under section 106 made in fiscal year 2024 or any succeeding fiscal year may be used to assist persons who are neither a national of the United States nor lawfully admitted for permanent residence under section 101(a)(20) of the Immigration and Nationality Act.”.

SEC. 3. Prohibition on grants to entities that provide assistance to persons not lawfully present.

Section 103 of the Housing and Community Development Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5303) is amended—

(1) by striking “The Secretary is authorized to” and inserting:

“(a) In general.—The Secretary is authorized to”; and

(2) by adding at the end the following:

“(b) Limitation.—The Secretary may not make a grant to any State, unit of general local government, or Indian tribe to carry out activities in accordance with the provisions of this title if such State, unit of general local government, or Indian tribe carries out any housing or community development related program that provides assistance to persons who are neither a national of the United States nor lawfully admitted for permanent residence under section 101(a)(20) of the Immigration and Nationality Act.”.

H.R.151 – Equal Representation Act

To require a citizenship question on the decennial census, to require reporting on certain census statistics, and to modify apportionment of Representatives to be based on United States citizens instead of all persons.

SEC. 2. Citizenship status on decennial census.

(a) In general.—Section 141 of title 13, United States Code, is amended—

(1) by redesignating subsection (g) as subsection (h); and

(2) by inserting after subsection (f) the following:

“(g) (1) In conducting the 2030 decennial census and each decennial census thereafter, the Secretary shall include in any questionnaire distributed or otherwise used for the purpose of determining the total population by States a checkbox or other similar option for the respondent to indicate, for the respondent and for each of the members of the household of the respondent, whether that individual is—

“(A) a citizen of the United States;

“(B) a national of the United States but not a citizen of the United States;

“(C) an alien lawfully residing in the United States; or

“(D) an alien unlawfully residing in the United States.

“(2) Not later than 120 days after completion of a decennial census of the population under subsection (a), the Secretary shall make publicly available the number of persons per State, disaggregated by each of the 4 categories described in subparagraphs (A) through (D) of paragraph (1), as tabulated in accordance with this section.”.

SEC. 3. Exclusion of noncitizens from number of persons used to determine apportionment of representatives and number of electoral votes.

(a) Exclusion.—Section 22(a) of the Act entitled “An Act to provide for the fifteenth and subsequent decennial censuses and to provide for an apportionment of Representatives in Congress”, approved June 18, 1929 (2 U.S.C. 2a(a)), is amended by inserting after “not taxed” the following: “and individuals who are not citizens of the United States”.

(b) Effective date.—The amendment made by subsection (a) shall apply with respect to the apportionment of Representatives carried out pursuant to the decennial census conducted during 2030 and any succeeding decennial census.

SEC. 4. Severability clause.

If any provision of this Act or amendment made by this Act, or the application thereof to any person or circumstance, is held to be unconstitutional, the remainder of the provisions of this Act and amendments made by this Act, and the application of the provision or amendment to any other person or circumstance, shall not be affected.

H.R.551 – Make the Migrant Protection Protocols Mandatory Act of 2025

SEC. 2. Mandatory implementation of the Migrant Protection Protocols.

Section 235(b)(2)(C) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1225(b)(2)(C)) is amended by striking “may” and inserting “shall”.

H.R.569 – Birthright Citizenship Act of 2025

To amend section 301 of the Immigration and Nationality Act to clarify those classes of individuals born in the United States who are nationals and citizens of the United States at birth.

SEC. 2. Citizenship at birth for certain persons born in the United States.

(a) In general.—Section 301 of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1401) is amended—

(1) by inserting “(a) In general.—” before “The following”;

(2) by redesignating subsections (a) through (h) as paragraphs (1) through (8), respectively; and

(3) by adding at the end the following:

“(b) Definition.—Acknowledging the right of birthright citizenship established by section 1 of the 14th amendment to the Constitution, a person born in the United States shall be considered ‘subject to the jurisdiction’ of the United States for purposes of subsection (a)(1) if the person is born in the United States of parents, one of whom is—

“(1) a citizen or national of the United States;

“(2) an alien lawfully admitted for permanent residence in the United States whose residence is in the United States; or

“(3) an alien with lawful status under the immigration laws performing active service in the armed forces (as defined in section 101 of title 10, United States Code).”.

• Applicability.—The amendment made by subsection (a)(3) shall not be construed to affect the citizenship or nationality status of any person born before the date of the enactment of this Act.

H.R.711 – FAIR Act of 2025 “Fairness, Anti-discrimination and Individual Rights Act of 2025” 

SEC. 2. Prohibition against discrimination and preferential treatment.

Notwithstanding any other provision of law, neither the Federal Government nor any officer, employee, or agent of the Federal Government shall—

(1) intentionally discriminate against, or grant a preference to, any person or group based in whole or in part on race, color, or national origin, in connection with—

(A) a Federal contract or subcontract;

(B) Federal employment; or

(C) any other federally conducted program or activity; or

(2) require or encourage a Federal contractor or subcontractor, or the recipient of a license or financial assistance, to discriminate intentionally against, or grant a preference to, any person or group based in whole or in part on race, color, or national origin, in connection with any Federal contract or subcontract or Federal license or financial assistance.

SEC. 3. Prohibition relating to recipients of Federal aid.

A State or private entity that receives Federal financial assistance may not discriminate against, or grant a preference to, any person or group based in whole or in part on race, color, or national origin, in connection with—

(1) any contract or subcontract;

(2) employment; or

(3) admission to any educational institution.

SEC. 4. Construction.

This Act does not affect any law governing immigration or nationality, or the administration of any such law.

SEC. 5. Compliance review of policies and regulations.

Not later than 6 months after the date of enactment of this Act, the head of each department or agency of the Federal Government, in consultation with the Attorney General, shall review all existing policies and regulations that such department or agency head is charged with administering, modify such policies and regulations to conform to the requirements of this Act, and report to the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives and the Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate the results of the review and any modifications to the policies and regulations.

SEC. 6. Remedies.

(a) In general.—Any person aggrieved by a violation of section 2 or 3 may, in a civil action against the violator (including a violator that is a governmental entity), obtain appropriate relief (which may include back pay). A prevailing plaintiff in a civil action under this section shall be awarded a reasonable attorney’s fee as part of the costs.

(b) Construction.—This section does not affect any remedy available under any other law.

SEC. 7. Effect on pending matters.

(a) Pending cases.—This Act does not affect any case pending on the date of enactment of this Act.

(b) Pending contracts and subcontracts.—This Act does not affect any contract or subcontract in effect on the date of enactment of this Act, including any option exercised under such contract or subcontract before or after such date of enactment.

SEC. 8. Definitions.

In this Act, the following definitions apply:

(1) FEDERAL GOVERNMENT.—The term “Federal Government” means executive and legislative branches of the Government of the United States.

(2) PREFERENCE.—The term “preference” means an advantage of any kind, and includes a quota, set-aside, numerical goal, timetable, or other numerical objective.

H.R.925 – To ensure equal protection of the law, to prevent racism in the Federal Government, and for other purposes.

H.R.1007 – To provide for the consideration of a definition of antisemitism set forth by the International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance for the enforcement of Federal antidiscrimination laws concerning education programs or activities, and for other purposes.

 H.R.1015 – To amend title 18, United States Code, to provide for certain rules for housing or transportation based on gender and to provide for a limitation on gender-related medical treatment.

H.R.1016 – To prohibit individuals from accessing or using single-sex facilities on Federal property other than those corresponding to their biological sex, and for other purposes.

H.R.71 – Veterans Health Care Freedom Act

To direct the Secretary of Veterans Affairs to carry out a pilot program to improve the ability of veterans to access medical care in medical facilities of the Department of Veterans Affairs and in the community by providing the veterans the ability to choose health care providers.

SEC. 2. Pilot program on ability of veterans to choose health care providers.

(a) Pilot program.—

(1) REQUIREMENT.—The Secretary of Veterans Affairs, acting through the Center for Innovation for Care and Payment, shall carry out a pilot program to improve the ability of eligible veterans to access hospital care, medical services, and extended care services through the covered care system by providing the eligible veterans the ability to choose health care providers.

(2) LOCATIONS.—The Secretary shall select a minimum of four Veterans Integrated Service Networks in which to carry out the pilot program under paragraph (1). In making such selection, the Secretary shall ensure that the pilot program is carried out in varied geographic areas that include both rural and urban locations.

(b) Removal of certain requirements To access care.—In carrying out the pilot program under subsection (a), the Secretary shall furnish hospital care, medical services, and extended care services to eligible veterans through the covered care system as follows:

(1) At medical facilities of the Department of Veterans Affairs, regardless of whether the facility is in the same Veterans Integrated Service Network as the Network in which the veteran resides.

(2) At non-Department facilities pursuant to, as appropriate—

(A) section 1703 of title 38, United States Code, without regard to the requirements specified in subsection (d) of such section; or

(B) section 1703A of such title, without regard to the requirements specified in subsection (a)(1)(C) of such section.

(c) Election of veteran.—In accordance with subsections (d) and (e), an eligible veteran participating in the pilot program may elect to receive hospital care, medical services, and extended care services at any provider in the covered care system.

(d) Coordination of care.—

(1) SELECTION.—Each eligible veteran participating in the pilot program shall select a primary care provider in the covered care system. The primary care provider shall—

(A) coordinate with the Secretary and other health care providers the hospital care, medical services, and extended care services furnished to the veteran under the pilot program; and

(B) refer the veteran to specialty care providers in the covered care system, as clinically necessary.

(2) SYSTEMS.—The Secretary shall establish systems as the Secretary determines appropriate to ensure that a primary care provider can effectively coordinate the hospital care, medical services, and extended care services furnished to a veteran under the pilot program.

(e) Specialty care.—

(1) ACCESS.—Subject to subsection (d)(1)(B), an eligible veteran participating in the pilot program may select any specialty care provider in the covered care system from which to receive specialty care.

(2) DESIGNATION.—The Secretary may designate a specialty care provider as a primary care provider of an eligible veteran participating in the pilot program if the Secretary determines that such designation is in the health interests of the veteran (such as an endocrinologist with respect to a veteran diagnosed with diabetes, a neurologist with respect to a veteran diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease, or an obstetrician-gynecologist with respect to a female veteran).

(f) Mental health care.—An eligible veteran participating in the pilot program may select a mental health care provider in the covered care system from which to receive mental health care.

(g) Information.—In carrying out the pilot program, the Secretary shall furnish to eligible veterans the information on eligibility, cost sharing, treatments, and providers required for veterans to make informed decisions with respect to—

(1) selecting primary care providers and specialty care providers; and

(2) treatments available to the veteran.

(h) Duration.—

(1) PHASE IN.—The Secretary shall carry out the pilot program during the three-year period beginning on the date that is one year after the date of the enactment of this Act.

(2) PERMANENT REQUIREMENT.—

(A) VETERANS COMMUNITY CARE PROGRAM.—Section 1703(d) of title 38, United States Code, is amended—

(i) in paragraph (1), by striking “The Secretary shall” and inserting “Except as provided by paragraph (5), the Secretary shall”; and

(ii) by adding at the end the following new paragraph:

“(5) Beginning on the date that is four years after the date of the enactment of the Veterans Health Care Freedom Act—

“(A) the requirements under paragraphs (1), (2), and (3) shall not apply with respect to furnishing hospital care, medical services, and extended care services to a covered veteran under this section; and

“(B) the Secretary shall furnish hospital care, medical services, and extended care services to a covered veteran under this section with the same conditions on the ability of the veteran to choose health care providers as specified in the pilot program described in section 2 of such Act.”.

(B) VETERANS CARE AGREEMENTS.—Section 1703A(a)(1) of such title is amended—

(i) in subparagraph (C), by striking “For purposes” and inserting “Except as provided by subparagraph (E), for purposes”; and

(ii) by adding at the end the following new subparagraph:

“(E) Beginning on the date that is four years after the date of the enactment of the Veterans Health Care Freedom Act—

“(i) the requirements under subparagraph (C) shall not apply with respect to furnishing hospital care, medical services, and extended care services to a covered veteran under this section; and

“(ii) the Secretary shall furnish hospital care, medical services, and extended care services to a covered veteran under this section with the same conditions on the ability of the veteran to choose health care providers as specified in the pilot program described in section 2 of such Act.”.

(C) VISNS.—Beginning on the date that is four years after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall furnish hospital care, medical services, and extended care services to veterans under chapter 17 of title 38, United States Code, at medical facilities of the Department of Veterans Affairs, regardless of whether the facility is in the same Veterans Integrated Service Network as the Network in which the veteran resides.

(i) Reports.—

(1) IMPLEMENTATION.—On a quarterly basis during the two-year period beginning on the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to the Committees on Veterans’ Affairs of the House of Representatives and the Senate a report on the implementation of the pilot program. One such report shall contain a description of the final design of the pilot program.

(2) ANNUAL.—On an annual basis during the period beginning on the date that is one year after the date of the submission of the final report under paragraph (1) and ending on the date of the conclusion of the pilot program, the Secretary shall submit to the Committees on Veterans’ Affairs of the House of Representatives and the Senate a report on the results of the pilot program.

(j) Regulations.—The Secretary, in consultation with the Committees on Veterans’ Affairs of the House of Representatives and the Senate, may prescribe regulations to carry out this section.

(k) No additional appropriations.—No additional funds are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section, and this section shall be carried out using amounts otherwise made available to the Veterans Health Administration.

(l) Definitions.—In this section:

(1) The term “covered care system” means each—

(A) medical facility of the Department;

(B) health care provider specified in subsection 1703(c) of title 38, United States Code; and

(C) eligible entity or provider that has entered into a Veterans Care Agreement under section 1703A of such title.

(2) The term “eligible veteran” means a veteran who is enrolled in the patient enrollment system of the Department of Veterans Affairs under section 1705 of title 38, United States Code.

(3) The term “non-Department facility” has the meaning given that term in section 1701 of title 38, United States Code.

H.R.72 – TBI and PTSD Treatment Act

To amend title 38, United States Code, to direct the Secretary of Veterans Affairs to furnish hyperbaric oxygen therapy to veterans with traumatic brain injury or post-traumatic stress disorder.

SEC. 2. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for veterans with traumatic brain injury or post-traumatic stress disorder.

(a) In general.—Chapter 17 of title 38, United States Code, is amended by inserting after section 1710E the following new section:

“§ 1710F. Traumatic brain injury and post-traumatic stress disorder: hyperbaric oxygen therapy

“(a) Authority.—The Secretary shall furnish hyperbaric oxygen therapy to a veteran who has a condition specified in subsection (b) through a health care provider described in section 1703(c)(5) of this title.

“(b) Covered conditions.—The conditions specified in this subsection are the following:

“(1) Traumatic brain injury.

“(2) Post-traumatic stress disorder.”.

(b) Clerical amendment.—The table of sections at the beginning of such chapter is amended by inserting after the item relating to section 1710E the following new item:

“1710F. Traumatic brain injury and post-traumatic stress disorder: hyperbaric oxygen therapy.”.

H.R.109 – TEAM Veteran Caregivers Act

Summary: Transparency and Effective Accountability Measures for Veteran Caregivers Act or the TEAM Veteran Caregivers Act

The bill revises the administration of Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) caregiver programs. Specifically, the bill requires the VA to formally recognize caregivers of veterans by identifying any caregiver in the health record of the veteran. Such caregivers covered by the bill include those participating in the Program of Comprehensive Assistance for Family Caregivers and those participating in the Program of General Caregiver Support Services.

The bill requires the VA to notify veterans and their caregivers regarding any clinical determinations made relating to claims, tier reduction, or termination of assistance under, or eligibility for, the specified caregiver programs. The notifications must be standardized and contain specified details regarding the decisions.

The bill also requires the VA to temporarily extend benefits under the Program of Comprehensive Assistance for Family Caregivers for at least 90 days after the receipt of notice that a veteran is no longer clinically eligible for the program. Such an extension shall not apply to the termination of caregiver benefits (1) if the VA determines the caregiver committed fraud or abused or neglected the veteran, (2) if another primary provider or individual caregiver is designated within 90 days after the termination, (3) if the terminated individual moves out or abandons their relationship with the veteran, or (4) upon request of the caregiver or veteran.

H.R.211 – Equal Access to Contraception for Veterans Act

To amend title 38, United States Code, to provide for limitations on copayments for contraception furnished by the Department of Veterans Affairs, and for other purposes.

SEC. 2. Limitation on copayments for contraception.

Section 1722A(a)(2) of title 38, United States Code, is amended—

(1) by striking “to pay” and all that follows through the period and inserting “to pay—”; and

(2) by adding at the end the following new subparagraphs:

“(A) an amount in excess of the cost to the Secretary for medication described in paragraph (1); or

“(B) an amount for any contraceptive item for which coverage under health insurance coverage is required without the imposition of any cost-sharing requirement pursuant to section 2713(a)(4) of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 300gg–13(a)(4)).”.

H.R.224 – Disabled Veterans Housing Support Act

To amend section 102(a)(20) of the Housing and Community Development Act of 1974 to require the exclusion of service-connected disability compensation when determining whether a person is a person of low and moderate income, a person of low income, or a person of moderate income, and for other purposes.

Summary: This bill excludes compensation received for a military service-connected disability from a veteran’s income when determining eligibility for assistance under the Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) program.

The CDBG program provides grants to urban communities for development activities focused on revitalizing neighborhoods, economic development, and providing improved community facilities and services.

Additionally, the Government Accountability Office must report on how service-connected disability compensation is treated when determining eligibility for all programs administered by the Department of Housing and Urban Development. This includes identifying instances where the treatment of such compensation is inconsistent with the requirement under this bill.

SEC. 2. Service connected disability compensation.

Section 102(a)(20) of the Housing and Community Development Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5302(a)(20)) is amended by adding at the end the following:

“(C) SERVICE-CONNECTED DISABILITY COMPENSATION.—When determining whether a person is a person of low and moderate income, a person of low income, or a person of moderate income under this paragraph, a State, unit of general local government, or Indian tribe shall exclude any service-connected disability compensation received by such person from the Department of Veterans Affairs.”.

SEC. 3. Report.

The Comptroller General of the United States shall, not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment of this Act, submit to the Congress a report that—

(1) examines how service-connected disability compensation is treated for the purposes of determining eligibility for all programs administered by the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development;

(2) identifies any instances where service-connected disability compensation is treated in a manner inconsistent with the amendment made by section 2; and

(3) with respect to each program administered by the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development in which service-connected disability compensation is treated inconsistently, provides legislative recommendations relating to how such program could better serve veteran populations, and under-served communities.

Passed the House of Representatives February 10, 2025.

H.R.965 – Housing Unhoused Disabled Veterans Act

To amend section 3(b)(4) of the United States Housing Act of 1937 to exclude certain disability benefits from income for the purposes of determining eligibility for the supported housing program under section 8(o)(19), and for other purposes.

SEC. 2. Exclusion of certain disability benefits.

Section 3(b)(4)(B) of the United States Housing Act of 1937 (42 U.S.C. 1437a(b)(4)(B)) is amended—

(1) by redesignating clauses (iv) and (v) as clauses (vi) and (vii), respectively; and

(2) by inserting after clause (iii) the following:

“(iv) with respect to the supported housing program under section 8(o)(19), any disability benefits received under chapter 11 or chapter 15 of title 38, United States Code, received by a veteran, except that this exclusion may not apply to the definition of adjusted income;

“(v) with respect to any household receiving rental assistance under the supported housing program under section 8(o)(19) as it relates to eligibility for other types of housing assistance, any disability benefits received under chapter 11 or chapter 15 of title 38, United States Code, received by a veteran, except that this exclusion may not apply to the definition of adjusted income;”.

SEC. 3. Treatment of certain disability benefits.

(a) In general.—When determining the eligibility of a veteran to rent a residential dwelling unit constructed on Department property on or after the date of the enactment of this Act, for which assistance is provided as part of a housing assistance program administered by the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development and not yet in existence at the time of the enactment of this section, the Secretary shall exclude from income any disability benefits received under chapter 11 or chapter 15 of title 38, United States Code by such person.

(b) Definitions.—In this section:

(1) SECRETARY.—The term “Secretary” means the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development.

(2) DEPARTMENT PROPERTY.—The term “Department property” has the meaning given the term in section 901 of title 38, United States Code.

Passed the House of Representatives February 10, 2025.

H.R.1248 – To amend title 38, United States Code, to require the consideration of continuity of health care in determining best medical interest under the Veterans Community Care Program, and for other purposes.

H.R.76 – Fund and Complete the Border Wall Act

Summary: This bill establishes funding for a U.S.-Mexico border barrier and revises how border patrol agents are compensated for overtime.

The Department of the Treasury shall set up an account for funding the design, construction, and maintenance of the barrier. The funds in the account are appropriated only for that purpose and for vehicles and equipment for border patrol agents.

For each fiscal year, financial assistance to a country shall be reduced by $2,000 for each citizen or national of that country apprehended for illegally entering the United States through its southern border. The reduced amount shall be transferred to the border barrier account. The Department of State may opt not to reduce amounts appropriated to Mexico for various military and law enforcement-related activities.

This bill establishes a 5% fee on foreign remittance transfers and increases the fee for the arrival/departure I-94 form for various aliens entering the United States, with part of the fees going to the border barrier account.

By December 31, 2025, the Department of Homeland Security shall (1) take all actions necessary, including constructing barriers, to prevent illegal crossings along the U.S.-Mexico barrier; and (2) achieve operational control over all U.S. international borders.

The bill changes how border patrol agents receive overtime pay when working up to 100 hours in a two-week period. For hours worked above 80, an agent shall receive at least 150% of the agent’s regular hourly rate.

SEC. 2. Border wall trust fund.

(a) Establishment of fund.—At the end of subchapter III of chapter 33 of title 31, United States Code, insert the following:

“§ 3344. Secure the Southern Border Fund

“(a) In general.—Not later than 60 days after the date of enactment of this section, the Secretary of the Treasury shall establish an account in the Treasury of the United States, to be known as the ‘Secure the Southern Border Fund’, into which funds shall be deposited in accordance with the Fund and Complete the Border Wall Act and the amendments made by that Act.

“(b) Appropriation.—Funds deposited in the Secure the Southern Border Fund shall be available until expended. Such funds are authorized to be appropriated, and are appropriated, to the Secretary of Homeland Security only—

“(1) to plan, design, construct, or maintain a barrier along the international border between the United States and Mexico; and

“(2) to purchase and maintain necessary vehicles and equipment for U.S. Border Patrol agents.

“(c) Limitation.—Not more than 5 percent of the funds deposited in the Secure the Southern Border Fund may be used for the purpose described in subsection (b)(2).”.

(b) Clerical amendment.—The table of contents for chapter 33 of title 31, United States Code, is amended by inserting at the end the following:

“3344. Secure the Southern Border Fund.”.

SEC. 3. Border crossing accountability and security.

(a) Estimation of annual illegal border crossings.—Beginning with the first fiscal year that begins after the date of the enactment of this Act, not later than 30 days after the end of each fiscal year, the Secretary of Homeland Security shall determine and report to the Secretary of State and the Committees on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives and of the Senate—

(1) the number of apprehensions that occurred during such fiscal year of aliens who entered the United States by illegally crossing the international land border between the United States and Mexico; and

(2) the nationality of aliens described in paragraph (1).

(b) Reduction of foreign assistance.—

(1) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided under paragraph (2), the Secretary of State shall proportionately reduce the amount of Federal financial assistance provided to a foreign state for the fiscal year in which a report under subsection (a) is made by a total of $2,000 for each alien described in such report who is a citizen or national of that country.

(2) EXCEPTION.—Notwithstanding paragraph (1), the Secretary of State may opt not to reduce the amounts appropriated for the Government of Mexico from the International Military Education and Training Fund, the International Narcotics Control and Law Enforcement Fund, and the fund to carry out nonproliferation, anti-terrorism, de­mining, and related programs and activities.

(c) Transfer of funds To Secure the Southern Border Fund.—The Secretary of State, in consultation with the Secretary of Homeland Security and the Secretary of the Treasury, shall transfer funds described in subsection (b) into the Secure the Southern Border Fund established by the amendment made by section 2 of this Act.

SEC. 4. Fees for certain remittance transfers.

Section 920 of the Electronic Fund Transfer Act (relating to remittance transfers) (15 U.S.C. 1693o–1) is amended—

(1) by redesignating subsection (g) as subsection (h); and

(2) by inserting after subsection (f) the following:

“(g) Secure the Southern Border Fund fee.—

“(1) IN GENERAL.—If the designated recipient of a remittance transfer is located outside of the United States, a remittance transfer provider shall collect from the sender of such remittance transfer a remittance fee equal to 5 percent of the United States dollar amount to be transferred.

“(2) TRANSFER OF FUNDS.—Not later than 90 days after the date of enactment of this subsection, the Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with the Bureau and remittance transfer providers, shall develop and make available a system for remittance transfer providers to submit the remittance fees collected in accordance with paragraph (1) to the Secure the Southern Border Fund established under section 3344 of title 31, United States Code.

“(3) PENALTIES.—

“(A) Whoever, with the intent to evade a remittance fee to be collected in accordance with this subsection, and who has knowledge that, at the time of a remittance transfer, the value of the funds involved in the transfer will be further transferred to a recipient located outside of the United States, requests or facilitates such remittance transfer to a recipient located outside of the United States shall be subject to a penalty of not more than $500,000 or twice the value of the funds involved in the remittance transfer, whichever is greater, or imprisonment for not more than 20 years, or both.

“(B) Any foreign country that, in the joint determination of the Secretary of Homeland Security, the Secretary of the Treasury, and the Secretary of State, aids or harbors an individual conspiring to avoid the fee collected in accordance with this subsection shall be ineligible to receive foreign assistance and to participate in the visa waiver program or any other programs, at the discretion of the Secretaries described in this subparagraph.”.

SEC. 5. Fees for Form I–94.

(a) Fee Increase.—The Secretary of Homeland Security shall increase the fee collected for services performed in processing U.S. Customs and Border Protection Form I–94, Arrival/Departure Record, from $6 to $25.

(b) Disposition of fees collected.—Notwithstanding any other provision of law, including section 286(q) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1356(q)), all fees collected for services performed in processing U.S. Customs and Border Protection Form I–94 shall be allocated as follows:

(1) $6 shall be deposited in the Land Border Inspection Fee Account and used in accordance with such section 286(q).

(2) To the extent provided in advance in appropriations Acts, $10 shall be used for salaries for U.S. Border Patrol agents.

(3) $9 shall be deposited in the Secure the Southern Border Fund established by the amendment made by section 2 of this Act.

SEC. 6. Construction of border wall.

(a) Improvement of barriers at border.—Section 102 of the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act of 1996 (division C of Public Law 104–208; 8 U.S.C. 1103 note) is amended—

(1) by amending subsection (a) to read as follows:

“(a) In general.—Not later than December 31, 2025, the Secretary of Homeland Security shall take such actions as may be necessary (including the removal of obstacles to detection of illegal entrants) to design, test, construct, and install physical barriers, roads, and technology along the international land border between the United States and Mexico to prevent illegal crossings in all areas.”;

(2) in subsection (b)—

(A) in paragraph (1)—

(i) in the paragraph heading, by striking “Additional fencing” and inserting “Fencing”;

(ii) by striking subparagraph (A) and inserting the following:

“(A) PHYSICAL BARRIERS.—In carrying out subsection (a), the Secretary of Homeland Security shall construct physical barriers, including secondary barriers in locations where there is already a fence, along the international land border between the United States and Mexico that will prevent illegal entry and will assist in gaining operational control of the border (as defined in section 2(b) of the Secure Fence Act of 2006 (8 U.S.C. 1701 note; Public Law 109–367)).”;

(iii) by striking subparagraph (B) and redesignating subparagraphs (C) and (D) as subparagraphs (B) and (C), respectively;

(iv) in subparagraph (B), as so redesignated—

(I) by striking clause (i) and inserting the following:

“(i) IN GENERAL.—In carrying out this section, the Secretary of Homeland Security shall, before constructing physical barriers in a specific area or region, consult with the Secretary of the Interior, the Secretary of Agriculture, appropriate Federal, State, local, and Tribal governments, and appropriate private property owners in the United States to minimize the impact on the environment, culture, commerce, and quality of life for the communities and residents located near the sites at which such physical barriers are to be constructed. Nothing in this paragraph should be construed to limit the Secretary of Homeland Security’s authority to move forward with construction after consultation.”;

(II) by redesignating clause (ii) as clause (iii); and

(III) by inserting after clause (i), as amended, the following new clause:

“(ii) NOTIFICATION.—Not later than 60 days after the consultation required under clause (i), the Secretary of Homeland Security shall notify the Committees on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives and of the Senate, the Committee on Homeland Security of the House of Representatives, and the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs of the Senate of the type of physical barriers, tactical infrastructure, or technology the Secretary has determined is most practical and effective to achieve situational awareness and operational control in a specific area or region and the other alternatives the Secretary considered before making such a determination.”; and

(v) by striking subparagraph (C), as so redesignated, and inserting the following:

“(C) LIMITATION ON REQUIREMENTS.—Notwithstanding subparagraph (A), nothing in this paragraph shall require the Secretary of Homeland Security to install fencing, physical barriers, or roads in a particular location along the international border between the United States and Mexico, if the Secretary determines there is a pre-existing geographical barrier or pre-constructed, impenetrable wall. The Secretary shall notify the Committees on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives and the Senate, the Committee on Homeland Security of the House of Representatives, and the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs of the Senate of any decision not to install fencing in accordance with this provision within 30 days of such a determination being made.”;

(B) in paragraph (2)—

(i) by striking “Attorney General” and inserting “Secretary of Homeland Security”; and

(ii) by striking “fences” and inserting “physical barriers and roads”; and

(C) in paragraph (3)—

(i) by striking “Attorney General” and inserting “Secretary of Homeland Security”; and

(ii) by striking “additional fencing” and inserting “physical barriers and roads”; and

(3) in subsection (c), by amending paragraph (1) to read as follows:

“(1) IN GENERAL.—Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the Secretary of Homeland Security shall have the authority to waive all legal requirements the Secretary, in the Secretary’s sole discretion, determines necessary to ensure the expeditious design, testing, construction, installation, deployment, operation, and maintenance of physical barriers, roads, and technology under this section. Any such decision by the Secretary shall be effective upon publication in the Federal Register.”.

(b) Achieving operational control on the border.—Subsection (a) of section 2 of the Secure Fence Act of 2006 (8 U.S.C. 1701 note) is amended, in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by striking “18 months after the date of the enactment of this Act” and inserting “December 31, 2025”.

SEC. 7. Fair Labor Standards Act for U.S. Border Patrol.

(a) In general.—Section 7 of the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 (29 U.S.C. 207) is amended by adding at the end the following:

“(r) Employment as a Border Patrol agent.—No public agency shall be deemed to have violated subsection (a) with respect to the employment of any Border Patrol agent (as defined in section 5550 of title 5, United States Code) if, during a work period of 14 consecutive days, the Border Patrol agent receives compensation at a rate that is not less than 150 percent of the regular rate at which the agent is employed for all hours of work from 80 hours to 100 hours. Payments required under this section shall be in addition to any payments made under such section, and shall be made notwithstanding any pay limitations set forth in such title.”.

(b) Technical and conforming amendments.—Section 13(a) of the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 (29 U.S.C. 213(a)) is amended by striking paragraph (18) and redesignating paragraph (19) as paragraph (18).

SEC. 8. Severability.

If any provision of this Act, or an amendment made by this Act, or the application of such provision or amendment to any person or circumstance, is held to be invalid, the remainder of this Act, or an amendment made by this Act, or the application of such provision to other persons or circumstances, shall not be affected.

H.R.116 – Stopping Border Surges Act

To close loopholes in the immigration laws that serve as incentives to aliens to attempt to enter the United States unlawfully, and for other purposes.

(b) Table of contents.—The table of contents for this Act is as follows:

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.

TITLE I—UNACCOMPANIED ALIEN CHILDREN

Sec. 101. Repatriation of unaccompanied alien children.
Sec. 102. Clarification of standards for family detention.
Sec. 103. Special immigrant juvenile status for immigrants unable to reunite with either parent.

TITLE II—ASYLUM REFORM

Sec. 201. Credible fear interviews.
Sec. 202. Jurisdiction of asylum applications.
Sec. 203. Recording expedited removal and credible fear interviews.
Sec. 204. Safe third country.
Sec. 205. Renunciation of asylum status pursuant to return to home country.
Sec. 206. Notice concerning frivolous asylum applications.
Sec. 207. Anti-fraud investigative work product.
Sec. 208. Clarification of asylum eligibility.
Sec. 209. Application timing.
Sec. 210. Clarification of burden of proof.
Sec. 211. Additional exception.
Sec. 212. Clarification regarding employment eligibility.
Sec. 213. Penalties for asylum fraud.
Sec. 214. Statute of limitations for asylum fraud.
Sec. 215. Technical amendments.

H.R.285 – Advanced Border Coordination Act of 2025

To establish Joint Operations Centers along the southern border of the United States, and for other purposes.

SEC. 2. Establishment of Joint Operations Centers.

(a) In general.—Not later than 6 months after the date of enactment of this Act, the Department shall establish not fewer than 2 Joint Operations Centers along the southern border of the United States to provide unified coordination centers, where law enforcement from multiple Federal, State, local, and Tribal agencies can collaborate in accordance with the purposes described in subsection (b).

(b) Matters covered.—The Centers shall provide centralized operations hubs for matters related to the following:

(1) Implementing coordination and communication for field operations between participating Federal, State, local, and Tribal agencies, as needed.

(2) Coordinating operations across participating Federal, State, local, and Tribal agencies, as needed, including ground, air, and sea or amphibious operations.

(3) Coordinating and supporting border operations, including deterring and detecting criminal activity related to—

(A) transnational criminal organizations;

(B) illegal border crossings;

(C) the seizure of weapons;

(D) the seizure of drugs;

(E) the seizure of high valued property;

(F) terrorism;

(G) human trafficking;

(H) drug trafficking; and

(I) such additional matters as the Secretary considers appropriate.

(c) Information sharing.—To ensure effective transmission of information between participating Federal, State, local, and Tribal agencies, for purposes of subsection (b), coordination and communication shall include—

(1) Federal agencies sharing pertinent information with participating State, local, and Tribal agencies through the Centers; and

(2) Federal agencies notifying participating State, local, and Tribal agencies of operations occurring within the jurisdictions of those agencies.

(d) Workforce capabilities.—The Centers shall—

(1) track and coordinate deployment of participating personnel; and

(2) coordinate training, as needed.

(e) Report.—Not later than one year after the date of the enactment of this Act and annually thereafter, the Secretary shall consult with participating Federal agencies, and shall seek feedback from participating State, local, and Tribal agencies, to report to Congress—

(1) a description of the efforts undertaken to establish the Centers;

(2) an identification of the resources used for the operations of the Centers;

(3) a description of the key operations coordinated and supported by each Center;

(4) a description of any significant interoperability and communication gaps identified between participating Federal, State, local, and Tribal agencies within each Center;

(5) recommendations for improved coordination and communication between participating Federal agencies in developing and operating current and future Centers; and

(6) other data as the Secretary determines appropriate.

(f) Definitions.—In this section:

(1) CENTERS.—The term “Centers” means the Joint Operations Centers established under section 3(a).

(2) DEPARTMENT.—The term “Department” means the Department of Homeland Security.

(3) PARTICIPATING FEDERAL AGENCY.—The term “participating Federal agency” means—

(A) the Department;

(B) the Department of Defense;

(C) the Department of Justice; and

(D) any other Federal agency as the Secretary determines appropriate.

(4) SECRETARY.—The term “Secretary” means the Secretary of Homeland Security.

(5) STATE.—The term “State” means each State of the United States, the District of Columbia, and any territory or possession of the United States.

H.R.318 – Border Safety and Security Act of 2025

To authorize the Secretary of Homeland Security to suspend the entry of aliens, and for other purposes.

SEC. 2. Suspension of entry of aliens.

(a) Authority To suspend entry of aliens at borders of the United States.—Notwithstanding any other provision of law, if the Secretary of Homeland Security determines, in his discretion, that the suspension of the entry of covered aliens at an international land or maritime border of the United States is necessary in order to achieve operational control over such border, the Secretary may prohibit, in whole or in part, the entry of covered aliens at such border for such period of time as the Secretary determines is necessary for such purpose.

(b) Required suspension of entry of aliens.—Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the Secretary of Homeland Security shall prohibit the entry of covered aliens for any period during which the Secretary cannot—

(1) detain such covered aliens as required under section 235(b)(1)(B) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1225(b)(1)(B)); or

(2) place such covered aliens in a program consistent with section 235(b)(2)(C) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1225(b)(2)(C)).

(c) Enforcement by State Attorneys General.—The attorney general of a State, or other authorized State officer, alleging a violation of a subsection (b) that affects such State or its residents, may bring an action against the Secretary of Homeland Security on behalf of the residents of the State in an appropriate United States district court to obtain appropriate injunctive relief.

(d) Definitions.—In this section:

(1) Except as otherwise provided, the terms have the meanings given such terms in section 101 of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101).

(2) The term “covered alien” means an alien seeking entry to the United States who is inadmissible under section 212(a)(7) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1182(a)(7)).

(3) The term “operational control” has the meaning given such term in section 2 of the Secure Fence Act of 2006 (8 U.S.C. 1701 note).

H.R.326 – Border Wall Waste Accountability Act

To require the GAO to conduct a study detailing the total cost of unused construction materials that were obtained for the construction of a border wall along the United States-Mexico border.

SEC. 2. GAO study on cost of unused construction materials for border wall.

Not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this section, the Comptroller General of the United States shall submit to Congress a study detailing the total cost of unused construction materials that were obtained for the construction of a border wall along the United States-Mexico border from January 20, 2021, to January 20, 2025.

H.R.495 – Subterranean Border Defense Act

To require annual reports on counter illicit cross-border tunnel operations, and for other purposes.

SEC. 2. Annual reports on counter illicit cross-border tunnel operations.

Paragraph (2) of section 7134(a) of the James M. Inhofe National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023 (Public Law 117–263; 6 U.S.C. 257 note) is amended by inserting “and annually thereafter” after “development of the strategic plan”.

H.R.520 – Empowering Law Enforcement To Fight Sex Trafficking Demand Act of 2025

To amend the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 to include an additional permissible use of amounts provided as grants under the Byrne JAG program, and for other purposes.

SEC. 2. Additional authorized use of Byrne JAG funds.

Section 501(a)(1) of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (34 U.S.C. 10152(a)(1)) is amended by adding at the end the following:

“(I) Programs to combat human trafficking (including programs to reduce the demand for trafficked persons).”.

H.R.59 – Mens Rea Reform Act of 2025

Summary: This bill establishes a default mens rea standard (i.e., state of mind requirement) for federal criminal offenses—statutory and regulatory—that lack an explicit standard.

The government must generally prove that a defendant acted knowingly with respect to each element of an offense for which the text does not specify a state of mind.

SEC. 2. State of mind element for criminal offenses.

(a) In general.—Chapter 1 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:

“§ 28. State of mind when not otherwise specifically provided

“(a) Definitions.—In this section—

“(1) the term ‘covered offense’—

“(A) means an offense—

“(i) specified in—

“(I) this title or any other Act of Congress;

“(II) any regulation; or

“(III) any law (including regulations) of any State or foreign government incorporated by reference into this title or any other Act of Congress; and

“(ii) that is punishable by imprisonment, a maximum criminal fine of at least $2,500, or both; and

“(B) does not include—

“(i) any offense set forth in chapter 47 or chapter 47A of title 10; or

“(ii) any offense incorporated by section 13(a) of this title;

“(2) the term ‘knowingly’, as related to an element of an offense, means—

“(A) if the element involves the nature of the conduct of a person or the attendant circumstances, that the person is aware that the conduct of the person is of that nature or that such circumstances exist; and

“(B) if the element involves a result of the conduct of a person, that the person is aware that it is practically certain that the conduct of the person will cause such a result;

“(3) the term ‘state of mind’ means willfully, intentionally, maliciously, knowingly, recklessly, wantonly, negligently, with reason to believe, or any other word or phrase that is synonymous with or substantially similar to any such term; and

“(4) the term ‘willfully’, as related to an element of an offense, means—

“(A) that the person acted with knowledge that the person’s conduct was unlawful; and

“(B) if the element involves the nature, attendant circumstances, object, or result of the conduct of a person, that—

“(i) the person had knowledge of the nature, attendant circumstances, object, or result of the conduct of the person; and

“(ii) it was the conscious object of the person to engage in conduct—

“(I) of that nature;

“(II) with that attendant circumstance;

“(III) with that object; or

“(IV) to cause such a result.

“(b) Default requirement.—Except as provided in subsections (c) and (d), a covered offense shall be construed to require the Government to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that the defendant acted—

“(1) with the state of mind specified in the text of the covered offense for each element of the offense for which the text specifies a state of mind; and

“(2) knowingly, with respect to any element of the offense for which the text of the covered offense does not specify a state of mind.

“(c) Failure To distinguish among elements.—Except as provided in subsection (d), if the text of a covered offense specifies the state of mind required for commission of the covered offense without specifying the elements of the covered offense to which the state of mind applies, the state of mind specified shall apply to all elements of the covered offense, unless a contrary purpose plainly appears.

“(d) Exceptions.—

“(1) IN GENERAL.—Subsections (b)(2) and (c) shall not apply with respect to—

“(A) any element for which the text of the covered offense makes clear that Congress affirmatively intended not to require the Government to prove any state of mind with respect to such element;

“(B) any element of a covered offense, to the extent that the element establishes—

“(i) subject matter jurisdiction over the covered offense; or

“(ii) venue with respect to trial of the covered offense; or

“(C) any element of a covered offense, to the extent that applying subsections (b)(2) and (c) to such element would lessen the degree of mental culpability that the Government is required to prove with respect to that element under—

“(i) precedent of the Supreme Court of the United States; or

“(ii) any other provision of this title, any other Act of Congress, or any regulation.

“(2) MERE ABSENCE INSUFFICIENT.—For purposes of paragraph (1)(A), the mere absence of a specified state of mind for an element of a covered offense in the text of the covered offense shall not be construed to mean that Congress affirmatively intended not to require the Government to prove any state of mind with respect to that element.

“(e) Applicability.—This section shall apply with respect to a covered offense—

“(1) without regard to whether the provision or provisions specifying the covered offense are enacted, promulgated, or finalized before, on, or after the date of enactment of this section; and

“(2) that was committed—

“(A) on or after the date of enactment of this section; or

“(B) before the date of enactment of this section, unless—

“(i) applying this section to such covered offense would—

“(I) punish as a crime conduct that was innocent when done;

“(II) increase the punishment for the covered offense; or

“(III) deprive a person charged with the covered offense of any defense available according to law at the time the covered offense occurred;

“(ii) a jury has been empaneled and sworn in a prosecution for the covered offense before the date of enactment of this section;

“(iii) the first witness has been sworn in a prosecution for the covered offense tried without a jury before the date of enactment of this section; or

“(iv) a sentence has been imposed following a plea of guilty or nolo contendere in a prosecution for the covered offense before the date of enactment of this section.

“(f) Subsequently enacted laws.—No provision of law enacted after the date of enactment of this section shall be construed to repeal, modify the text or effect of, or supersede in whole or in part this section, unless such law specifically refers to this section and explicitly repeals, modifies the text or effect of, or supersedes in whole or in part this section.”.

(b) Technical and conforming amendment.—The table of sections for chapter 1 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:

“28. State of mind when not otherwise specifically provided.”.

H.R.74 – Freedom for Families Act

SEC. 2. Distributions from health savings accounts during periods of qualified caregiving.

(a) In general.—Paragraphs (1) and (2) of section 223(f) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 are amended to read as follows:

“(1) EXCLUSION OF AMOUNTS USED FOR QUALIFIED MEDICAL EXPENSES OR DISTRIBUTED DURING PERIODS OF QUALIFIED CAREGIVING.—Any amount paid or distributed out of a health savings account shall not be includible in gross income if it is—

“(A) used exclusively to pay qualified medical expenses of any account beneficiary, or

“(B) paid or distributed during a period of qualified caregiving.

“(2) INCLUSION OF AMOUNTS NEITHER USED FOR QUALIFIED MEDICAL EXPENSES NOR DISTRIBUTED DURING PERIODS OF QUALIFIED CAREGIVING.—Any amount paid or distributed out of a health savings account shall be included in the gross income of the account beneficiary if it is not described in paragraph (1).”.

(b) Definition of period of qualified caregiving.—Section 223(f) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by adding at the end the following new paragraph:

“(9) Period of qualified caregiving.—For purposes of this section, the term ‘period of qualified caregiving’ means any period during which an individual is on leave or not employed by reason of a situation described in subparagraphs (A) through (E) of section 102(a)(1) of the Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993.”.

(c) Conforming amendments.—

(1) Section 223(d)(1) of such Code is amended by inserting “or the expenses incurred during a period of qualified caregiving of the account beneficiary” after “paying the qualified medical expenses of the account beneficiary”.

(2) Section 223(f)(4) of such Code is amended in the heading by striking “distributions not used for qualified medical expenses” and inserting “certain distributions”.

(d) Effective date.—The amendments made by this section shall apply with respect to taxable years beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act.

SEC. 3. No high deductible health plan required for health savings accounts.

(a) In general.—Section 223(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by striking “who is an eligible individual for any month during the taxable year”.

(b) Conforming amendments.—

(1) Section 223(b) of such Code is amended by striking paragraphs (7) and (8).

(2) Section 223 of such Code is amended by striking subsection (c).

(c) Increase in contribution limit for health savings accounts.—

(1) IN GENERAL.—Section 223(b)(1) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by striking “the sum of the monthly” and all that follows through “eligible individual” and inserting “$9,000 (twice such amount in the case of a joint return)”.

(2) CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.—

(A) Section 223(b) of such Code is amended by striking paragraphs (2), (3), and (5) and by redesignating paragraphs (4) and (6) as paragraphs (2) and (3), respectively.

(B) Section 223(b)(2) of such Code (as redesignated by subparagraph (A)) is amended by striking the last sentence.

(C) Section 223(d)(1)(A)(ii) is amended by striking “the sum of” and all that follows through the period at the end and inserting “the dollar amount in effect under subsection (b)(1).”.

(D) Section 223(g)(1) of such Code is amended—

(i) by striking “Each dollar amount in subsections (b)(2) and (c)(2)(A)” and inserting “The dollar amount in subsection (b)(1)”;

(ii) by striking “thereof” and all that follows through “ ‘calendar year 2003’.” and inserting “ ‘calendar year 1997’.”; and

(iii) by striking “under subsections (b)(2) and (c)(2)(A)” and inserting “under subsection (b)(1)”.

(d) Effective date.—The amendments made by this section shall apply with respect to months in taxable years beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act.

H.R.79 – Freedom from Mandates Act

Summary: This bill nullifies certain executive orders regarding COVID-19 safety and prohibits the Departments of Labor and Health and Human Services (HHS) from taking specified actions with respect to vaccination against COVID-19.

Specifically, the bill nullifies Executive Order 14042 (relating to ensuring adequate COVID-19 safety protocols for federal contractors) and Executive Order 14043 (requiring COVID-19 vaccination for federal employees).

Labor may not issue any rule requiring employers to mandate vaccination of employees against COVID-19 or requiring testing of employees who are unvaccinated.

HHS may not (1) require a health care provider, as a condition of participation in the Medicare or Medicaid program, to mandate vaccination of employees against COVID-19 or require testing of employees who are unvaccinated; or (2) otherwise penalize such a provider for failure to mandate such vaccination or require such testing.

SEC. 2. Nullification of certain Executive orders.

(a) Safety protocols for Federal Contractors.—Executive Order 14042 (86 Fed. Reg. 50985, relating to ensuring adequate COVID–19 safety protocols for Federal contractors) shall have no force or effect.

(b) COVID–19 vaccine requirement.—Executive Order 14043 (86 Fed. Reg. 50989, relating to requiring COVID–19 vaccination for Federal employees) shall have no force or effect.

SEC. 3. Prohibition of rules mandating vaccination.

The Secretary of Labor may not issue any rule requiring employers to mandate vaccination of employees against COVID–19 or requiring testing of employees who are unvaccinated against COVID–19.

SEC. 4. Prohibition on Medicare and Medicaid COVID–19 vaccination mandates.

Notwithstanding any provision of title XI, XVIII, or XIX of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1301 et seq., 1395 et seq., 1396 et seq.), the Secretary of Health and Human Services may not require a health care provider, as a condition of participation in the Medicare or Medicaid program, to mandate vaccination of employees against COVID–19 or require testing of employees who are unvaccinated against COVID–19, and may not otherwise penalize such a provider for such provider’s failure to so mandate such vaccination or so require such testing.

H.R.86 – NOSHA Act

To abolish the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, and for other purposes.

SEC. 2. In general.

The Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 is repealed. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration is abolished.

H.R.87 – Protecting Our Children from the CDC Act

To amend the Public Health Service Act to prohibit the Secretary of Health and Human Services from placing any vaccine for COVID–19 on the child and adolescent immunization schedule unless the Secretary has posted on the public website of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention all clinical data in the possession of the Department of Health and Human Services relating to the safety and efficacy of such vaccine, and for other purposes.

SEC. 2. Posting of all clinical data for COVID–19 vaccines before placement on child and adolescent schedule.

Part C of subtitle 2 of title XXI of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 300aa–25 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:

“SEC. 2129. Posting of all clinical data for COVID–19 vaccines before placement on child and adolescent schedule.

“(a) No inclusion of COVID vaccines.—The Secretary, and any official, agency, or office of the Department of Health and Human Services (including the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Advisory Committee of Immunization Practices), shall not include any vaccine for COVID–19 on the child and adolescent immunization schedule unless the Secretary has posted on the public website of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention all clinical data in the possession of the Department of Health and Human Services (including the Advisory Committee of Immunization Practices) relating to the safety and efficacy (including any adverse effects) of such vaccine. All such data posted under this subsection shall be deidentified to protect all individually identifiable health information, and information with respect to the agency and sponsor personnel of the data involved.

“(b) Vaccines already on schedule as of enactment.—

“(1) REMOVAL.—Any vaccine for COVID–19 that is included on the child and adolescent immunization schedule as of the date of enactment of this section is hereby deemed to be removed from such schedule.

“(2) ADMINISTRATIVE ACTION.—The Secretary shall take such actions as may be necessary to effectuate the removal of a vaccine from the child and adolescent immunization schedule by operation of paragraph (1).

“(3) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—The removal of a vaccine from the child and adolescent immunization schedule by operation of paragraph (1) shall not be construed to affect the authority of the Secretary (or other officials, agencies, or offices) to place such vaccine back on such schedule so long as such placement is in accordance with subsection (a) and other applicable provisions of law.

“(c) Definition.—In this section, the term ‘child and adolescent immunization schedule’ means the child and adolescent immunization schedule of the Advisory Committee of Immunization Practices (or any successor schedule).”.

H.R.88 – Medical Innovation Acceleration Act of 2025

To amend the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act to exempt from regulation as devices non-invasive diagnostic devices, and for other purposes.

SEC. 2. Exempting non-invasive diagnostic devices from regulation as devices.

Section 201(h) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 321(h)) is amended—

(1) by striking “section 520(o)” and inserting the following: “section 520(o) or any non-invasive diagnostic device”; and

(2) by adding at the end the following: “For purposes of the preceding sentence, the term ‘non-invasive’ means, with respect to a diagnostic device, that the device does not penetrate the skin or any other membrane of the body, is not inserted or implanted into the body, causes no more than ephemeral compression or temperature changes to in situ bodily tissues, and does not subject bodily tissues to ionizing radiation.”.

H.R.89 – Prescription Freedom Act of 2025

To repeal the authority of the Food and Drug Administration to require that drugs be dispensed only upon prescription, and for other purposes.

SEC. 2. Repeal of FDA authority to require prescriptions.

(a) Repeal.—Effective as of the date that is 6 months after the date of enactment of this Act, subsection (b) of section 503 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 353) is repealed.

(b) References.—Beginning on the effective date described in subsection (a), any reference in a Federal statute, regulation, or guidance—

(1) to prescribing, a prescription, a prescription drug, or a drug subject to section 503(b) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act is deemed to be a reference to prescribing, a prescription, or a prescription drug, respectively, under applicable State law; and

(2) to any requirement or provision of section 503(b) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act is deemed to be a reference to the corresponding requirement or provision, if any, in applicable State law, as determined by the Federal official or officials responsible for administering the respective Federal statute, regulation, or guidance.

(c) Exception.—Notwithstanding subsections (a) and (b), the Secretary of Health and Human Services may continue to exercise the authority vested by subsection (b) of section 503 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 353), as in effect on the day before the effective date described in subsection (a), with respect to any drug that is intended for use in terminating a pregnancy.

H.R.90 – Health Coverage Choice Act

To amend title XXVII of the Public Health Service Act to provide for a definition of short-term limited duration insurance, and for other purposes.

SEC. 2. Definition of short-term limited duration insurance.

Section 2791(b) of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 300gg–91(b)) is amended by adding at the end the following new paragraph:

“(6) SHORT-TERM LIMITED DURATION INSURANCE.—The term ‘short-term limited duration insurance’ means health insurance coverage provided under a contract with a health insurance issuer that—

“(A) has an expiration date specified in the contract that is less than 12 months after the original effective date of the contract; and

“(B) has a duration of not more than 3 years (taking into account renewals or extensions) after the original effective date of the contract.”.

H.R.114 – Responsible Path to Full Obamacare Repeal Act

To repeal the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act and the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010.

SEC. 2. Repeal of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act and the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010.

(a) Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act.—Effective October 1, 2025, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (Public Law 111–148) is repealed, and the provisions of law amended or repealed by such Act are restored or revived as if such Act had not been enacted.

(b) Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010.—Effective October 1, 2025, the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010 (Public Law 111–152) is repealed, and the provisions of law amended or repealed by such Act are restored or revived as if such Act had not been enacted.

H.R.119 – To prohibit any entity that receives Federal funds from the COVID relief packages from mandating employees receive a COVID19 vaccine, and for other purposes.

SECTION 1. COVID relief package funding restriction.

(a) Funding restriction.—Any entity that receives Federal funds from a COVID relief package may not mandate that any employee of such entity receives a COVID–19 vaccine.

(b) Return of funds.—Any entity that is in violation of subsection (a) shall return any funds received from the COVID relief package to the Federal Government.

(c) COVID relief package defined.—In this section, the term “COVID relief package” means any of the following:

(1) CARES Act (Public Law 116–136).

(2) Coronavirus Preparedness and Response Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2020 (Public Law 116–123).

(3) Families First Coronavirus Response Act (Public Law 116–127).

(4) Paycheck Protection Program and Health Care Enhancement Act (Public Law 116–139).

(5) Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (Public Law 116–260).

(6) American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (Public Law 117–2).

H.R.120 – No Mandates Act

SEC. 2. Prohibition on agencies issuing vaccine mandates.

(a) In general.—No agency may issue any rule, regulations, or guidance requiring any individual to receive a vaccination for COVID–19.

(b) Agency defined.—In this section, the term “agency” has the meaning given that term in section 551 of title 5, United States Code.

SEC. 3. Prohibition on requiring proof of COVID–19 vaccination for Federal access.

A vaccination for COVID–19 shall not be required for access to Federal property or Federal services, or for access to congressional grounds or services.

SEC. 4. Federal funding restrictions.

(a) Funding restriction.—No entity that received Federal funds under a COVID–19 relief package or that receives any other Federal funds after the date of the enactment of this Act may require any individual to have received a vaccination for COVID–19 as a condition of such entity providing any service to such individual.

(b) Return of funds.—Any entity that does not comply with subsection (a) shall be required to pay to the Government an amount equal to the sum of all funds such entity received.

(c) COVID–19 relief package defined.—In this section, the term “COVID–19 relief package” means any of the following:

(1) CARES Act (15 U.S.C. 9001 et seq.; Public Law 116–136; 134 Stat. 281).

(2) Coronavirus Preparedness and Response Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2020 (Public Law 116–123; 134 Stat. 146).

(3) Families First Coronavirus Response Act (Public Law 116–127; 134 Stat. 178).

(4) Paycheck Protection Program and Health Care Enhancement Act (Public Law 116–139; 134 Stat. 620).

(5) Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (Public Law 116–260; 134 Stat. 1182).

(6) American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (Public Law 117–2; 135 Stat. 41).

H.R.121 – No Vaccine Passports Act

To prohibit agencies from issuing vaccine passports, and for other purposes.

SEC. 2. Prohibition on agencies issuing vaccine passports.

(a) In general.—An agency may not issue a vaccine passport, vaccine pass, or other standardized documentation for the purpose of certifying the COVID–19 vaccination status of a citizen of the United States to a third party, or otherwise publish or share any COVID–19 vaccination record of a citizen of the United States, or similar health information.

(b) Agency defined.—In this section, the term “agency” has the meaning given that term in section 551 of title 5, United States Code.

SEC. 3. Prohibition on requiring proof of COVID–19 vaccination for Federal access.

Proof of COVID–19 vaccination shall not be deemed a requirement for access to Federal property or Federal services, or for access to congressional grounds or services.

H.R.127 – Protection from Obamacare Mandates and Congressional Equity Act

To amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to provide an exemption to the individual mandate to maintain health coverage for individuals residing in counties with fewer than 2 health insurance issuers offering plans on an Exchange; to require Members of Congress and congressional staff to abide by the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act with respect to health insurance coverage; and for other purposes.

SEC. 2. Modifications to exemption from requirement to maintain health coverage.

(a) Exemption for individuals in areas with fewer than 2 issuers offering plans on an exchange.—Section 5000A(e) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by adding at the end the following new paragraph:

“(6) INDIVIDUALS IN AREAS WITH FEWER THAN 2 ISSUERS OFFERING PLANS ON AN EXCHANGE.—

“(A) IN GENERAL.—Any applicable individual for any period during a calendar year if there are fewer than 2 health insurance issuers offering qualified health plans on an Exchange for such period in the county in which the applicable individual resides.

“(B) AGGREGATION RULES.—For purposes of subparagraph (A), all health insurance issuers treated as a single employer under subsection (a) or (b) of section 52, or subsection (m) or (o) of section 414, shall be treated as a single health insurance issuer.”.

(b) Effective date.—The amendments made by this section shall apply to months beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act.

SEC. 3. Health insurance coverage for certain congressional staff and members of the executive branch.

Section 1312(d)(3)(D) of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (42 U.S.C. 18032(d)(3)(D)) is amended—

(1) by striking the subparagraph heading and inserting the following:

“(D) MEMBERS OF CONGRESS, CONGRESSIONAL STAFF, AND POLITICAL APPOINTEES IN THE EXCHANGE.—”;

(2) in clause (i), in the matter preceding subclause (I)—

(A) by striking “and congressional staff with” and inserting “, congressional staff, the President, the Vice President, and political appointees with”; and

(B) by striking “or congressional staff shall” and inserting “, congressional staff, the President, the Vice President, or a political appointee shall”;

(3) in clause (ii)—

(A) in subclause (II), by inserting after “Congress,” the following: “of a committee of Congress, or of a leadership office of Congress,”; and

(B) by adding at the end the following:

“(III) POLITICAL APPOINTEE.—The term ‘political appointee’ means any individual who—

“(aa) is employed in a position described under sections 5312 through 5316 of title 5, United States Code (relating to the Executive Schedule);

“(bb) is a limited term appointee, limited emergency appointee, or noncareer appointee in the Senior Executive Service, as defined under paragraphs (5), (6), and (7), respectively, of section 3132(a) of title 5, United States Code; or

“(cc) is employed in a position in the executive branch of the Government of a confidential or policy-determining character under schedule C of subpart C of part 213 of title 5 of the Code of Federal Regulations.”; and

(4) by adding at the end the following:

“(iii) GOVERNMENT CONTRIBUTION.—No Government contribution under section 8906 of title 5, United States Code, shall be provided on behalf of an individual who is a Member of Congress, a congressional staff member, the President, the Vice President, or a political appointee for coverage under this paragraph.

“(iv) LIMITATION ON AMOUNT OF TAX CREDIT OR COST SHARING.—An individual enrolling in health insurance coverage pursuant to this paragraph shall not be eligible to receive a tax credit under section 36B of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 or reduced cost sharing under section 1402 of this Act in an amount that exceeds the total amount for which a similarly situated individual (who is not so enrolled) would be entitled to receive under such sections.

“(v) LIMITATION ON DISCRETION FOR DESIGNATION OF STAFF.—Not­with­stand­ing any other provision of law, a Member of Congress shall not have discretion in determinations with respect to which employees employed by the office of such Member are eligible to enroll for coverage through an Exchange.

“(vi) CLARIFICATION.—The terms ‘small employer’ (as defined under section 1304(b)(2)) and ‘qualified employers’ (as defined under subsection (f)) do not include the Congress, with respect to enrollments in an Exchange and a SHOP Exchange.”.

H.R.238 – Healthy Technology Act of 2025

Summary: This bill establishes that artificial intelligence (AI) or machine learning technology may be eligible to prescribe drugs.

Currently, certain drugs may be dispensed only upon a prescription provided by a practitioner licensed by law to administer the drug. Under this bill, an AI or machine learning technology may qualify as such a prescribing practitioner if the technology is (1) authorized by state law to prescribe the drug involved; and (2) approved, cleared, or authorized under certain federal provisions pertaining to medical devices and products.

To amend the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act to clarify that artificial intelligence and machine learning technologies can qualify as a practitioner eligible to prescribe drugs if authorized by the State involved and approved, cleared, or authorized by the Food and Drug Administration, and for other purposes.

SEC. 2. Prescription of drugs by artificial intelligence or machine learning technologies.

Section 503(b) of Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 353(b)) is amended by adding at the end the following:

“(6) In this subsection, the term ‘practitioner licensed by law to administer such drug’ includes artificial intelligence and machine learning technology that are—

“(A) authorized pursuant to a statute of the State involved to prescribe the drug involved; and

“(B) approved, cleared, or authorized under section 510(k), 513, 515, or 564.”.

H.R.247 – Health Care Affordability Act of 2025

To amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to expand eligibility for the refundable credit for coverage under a qualified health plan.

SEC. 2. Increase in eligibility for credit.

(a) In general.—Subparagraph (A) of section 36B(c)(1) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by striking “but does not exceed 400 percent” .

(b) Applicable percentages.—

(1) IN GENERAL.—Subparagraph (A) of section 36B(b)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended to read as follows:

“(A) APPLICABLE PERCENTAGE.—The applicable percentage for any taxable year shall be the percentage such that the applicable percentage for any taxpayer whose household income is within an income tier specified in the following table shall increase, on a sliding scale in a linear manner, from the initial premium percentage to the final premium percentage specified in such table for such income tier:

(2) CONFORMING AMENDMENTS RELATING TO AFFORDABILITY OF COVERAGE.—

(A) Paragraph (1) of section 36B(c) of such Code is amended by striking subparagraph (E).

(B) Subparagraph (C) of section 36B(c)(2) of such Code is amended by striking clause (iv).

(C) Paragraph (4) of section 36B(c) of such Code is amended by striking subparagraph (F).

(c) Effective date.—The amendments made by this section shall apply to taxable years beginning after December 31, 2025.

H.R.307 – ARC Act of 2025

Summary: This bill provides for coverage of peripheral artery disease screening tests without cost-sharing under Medicare and Medicaid for certain at-risk individuals. It also requires the development of certain educational programs, a payment model, and Medicare quality measures to reduce amputations relating to such disease.

To amend titles XVIII and XIX of the Social Security Act to provide for coverage of peripheral artery disease screening tests furnished to at-risk beneficiaries under the Medicare and Medicaid programs without the imposition of cost-sharing requirements, and for other purposes.

SECTION 1. Short title; findings.

(a) Short title.—This Act may be cited as the “Amputation Reduction and Compassion Act of 2025” or the “ARC Act of 2025”.

(b) Findings.—Congress makes the following findings:

(1) Atherosclerosis occurs when blood flow is reduced because arteries become narrowed or blocked with fatty deposits.

(2) Atherosclerosis is responsible for more deaths in the United States than any other condition, and heart attacks, resulting from clogged coronary arteries, are the leading cause of death in America.

(3) Atherosclerosis also occurs in the legs and is known as peripheral artery disease (in this subsection referred to as “PAD”) and having PAD significantly increases the risk for heart attack, stroke, amputation, and death.

(4) While most Americans are aware of atherosclerosis in the heart, many Americans have never heard of PAD and Americans with PAD are often unaware of the serious risks of the disease.

(5) An estimated 21 million Americans have PAD, and about 200,000 of them—disproportionately minorities—suffer avoidable amputations every year as a result of such disease.

(6) According to the Dartmouth Atlas, amputation risks for African Americans living with diabetes are as much as four times higher than the national average.

(7) Data analyses have similarly found that Native Americans are more than twice as likely to be subjected to amputation and Hispanics are up to 75 percent more likely to have an amputation.

(8) Fifty-two percent of patients with an above-the-knee amputation and 33 percent of patients with a below-the-knee amputation will die within two years of their amputation.

(9) Screening and arterial testing for PAD is cost-effective and should be part of routine medical care.

(10) Once PAD is detected, amputations and deaths can be reduced through the use of national, evidence-based PAD care guidelines.

(11) Americans with a PAD diagnosis are associated with a 67-percent increase in the risk of cardiac death compared to people without a PAD diagnosis. Consequently, screening for PAD enables health care professionals to identify cardiac risk factors earlier and take proactive measures to reduce the risk of cardiac death.

SEC. 2. Peripheral artery disease education program.

Part P of title III of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 280g et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following new section:

“SEC. 399V–8. Peripheral artery disease education program.

“(a) Establishment.—The Secretary, acting through the Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, in collaboration with the Administrator of the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, the Administrator of the Health Resources and Services Administration, leading clinical and patient advocacy organizations, and other interested stakeholders shall establish and coordinate a peripheral artery disease education program to support, develop, and implement educational initiatives and outreach strategies that inform health care professionals and the public about the existence of peripheral artery disease and methods to reduce amputations related to such disease, particularly with respect to at-risk populations.

“(b) Best practices.—The Secretary shall, as appropriate, identify and disseminate to health care professionals best practices with respect to peripheral artery disease.

“(c) Authorization of appropriations.—There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section $6,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2026 through 2030.”.

SEC. 3. Medicare coverage of peripheral artery disease screening tests furnished to at-risk beneficiaries without imposition of cost-sharing requirements.

(a) In general.—Section 1861 of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395x) is amended—

(1) in subsection (s)(2)—

(A) in subparagraph (JJ), by striking the semicolon at the end and inserting “; and”; and

(B) by adding at the end the following new subparagraph:

“(KK) peripheral artery disease screening tests furnished to at-risk beneficiaries (as such terms are defined in subsection (nnn)).”; and

(2) by adding at the end the following new subsection:

“(nnn) Peripheral artery disease screening test; At-Risk beneficiary.— (1) The term ‘peripheral artery disease screening test’ means—

“(A) noninvasive physiologic studies of extremity arteries (commonly referred to as ankle-brachial index testing);

“(B) arterial duplex scans of lower extremity arteries vascular; and

“(C) such other items and services as the Secretary determines, in consultation with relevant stakeholders, to be appropriate for screening for peripheral artery disease for at-risk beneficiaries.

“(2) The term ‘at-risk beneficiary’ means an individual entitled to, or enrolled for, benefits under part A and enrolled for benefits under part B—

“(A) who is 65 years of age or older;

“(B) who is at least 50 years of age but not older than 64 years of age with risk factors for atherosclerosis (such as diabetes mellitus, a history of smoking, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension) or a family history of peripheral artery disease;

“(C) who is younger than 50 years of age with diabetes mellitus and one additional risk factor for atherosclerosis; or

“(D) with a known atherosclerotic disease in another vascular bed such as coronary, carotid, subclavian, renal, or mesenteric artery stenosis, or abdominal aortic aneurysm.

“(3) The Secretary shall, in consultation with appropriate organizations, establish standards regarding the frequency for peripheral artery disease screening tests described in subsection (s)(2)(KK) for purposes of coverage under this title.”.

(b) Inclusion of peripheral artery disease screening tests in initial preventive physical examination.—Section 1861(ww)(2) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395x(ww)(2)) is amended—

(1) in subparagraph (N), by moving the margins of such subparagraph 2 ems to the left;

(2) by redesignating subparagraph (O) as subparagraph (P); and

(3) by inserting after subparagraph (N) the following new subparagraph:

“(O) Peripheral artery disease screening tests furnished to at risk-beneficiaries (as such terms are defined in subsection (nnn)).”.

(c) Payment.—

(1) IN GENERAL.—Section 1833(a) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395l(a)) is amended—

(A) in paragraph (1)—

(i) in subparagraph (N), by inserting “and other than peripheral artery disease screening tests furnished to at-risk beneficiaries (as such terms are defined in section 1861(nnn))” after “other than personalized prevention plan services (as defined in section 1861(hhh)(1))”;

(ii) by striking “and” before “(HH)”; and

(iii) by adding at the end the following: “and (II) with respect to peripheral artery disease screening tests furnished to at-risk beneficiaries (as such terms are defined in section 1861(nnn)), the amount paid shall be 100 percent of the lesser of the actual charge for the services or the amount determined under the payment basis determined under section 1848;”; and

(B) in paragraph (2)—

(i) in subparagraph (G), by striking “and” at the end;

(ii) in subparagraph (H), by striking the semicolon at the end and inserting “; and”; and

(iii) by inserting after subparagraph (H) the following new subparagraph:

“(I) with respect to peripheral artery disease screening tests (as defined in paragraph (1) of section 1861(nnn)) furnished by an outpatient department of a hospital to at-risk beneficiaries (as defined in paragraph (2) of such section), the amount determined under paragraph (1)(II);”.

(2) NO DEDUCTIBLE.—Section 1833(b) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395l(b)) is amended, in the first sentence—

(A) by striking “, and” before “(13)”; and

(B) by inserting before the period at the end the following: “, and (14) such deductible shall not apply with respect to peripheral artery disease screening tests furnished to at-risk beneficiaries (as such terms are defined in section 1861(nnn))”.

(3) EXCLUSION FROM PROSPECTIVE PAYMENT SYSTEM FOR HOSPITAL OUTPATIENT DEPARTMENT SERVICES.—Section 1833(t)(1)(B)(iv) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395l(t)(1)(B)(iv)) is amended—

(A) by striking “, or personalized” and inserting “, personalized”; and

(B) by inserting “, or peripheral artery disease screening tests furnished to at-risk beneficiaries (as such terms are defined in section 1861(nnn))” after “personalized prevention plan services (as defined in section 1861(hhh)(1))”.

(4) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—Section 1848(j)(3) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395w–4(j)(3)) is amended by striking “(2)(FF) (including administration of the health risk assessment),” and inserting “(2)(FF) (including administration of the health risk assessment), (2)(KK),”.

(d) Exclusion from coverage and Medicare as secondary payer for tests performed more frequently than allowed.—Section 1862(a)(1) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395y(a)(1)) is amended—

(1) in subparagraph (O), by striking “and” at the end;

(2) in subparagraph (P), by striking the semicolon at the end and inserting “, and”; and

(3) by adding at the end the following new subparagraph:

“(Q) in the case of peripheral artery disease screening tests furnished to at-risk beneficiaries (as such terms are defined in section 1861(nnn)), which are performed more frequently than is covered under such section;”.

(e) Authority To modify or eliminate coverage of certain preventive services.—Section 1834(n) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395m(n)) is amended—

(1) by redesignating subparagraphs (A) and (B) of paragraph (1) as clauses (i) and (ii), respectively, and moving the margins of such clauses, as so redesignated, 2 ems to the right;

(2) by redesignating paragraphs (1) and (2) as subparagraphs (A) and (B), respectively, and moving the margins of such subparagraphs, as so redesignated, 2 ems to the right;

(3) by striking “Certain Preventive Services” and all that follows through “any other provision of this title” and inserting: “Certain Preventive Services.—

“(1) IN GENERAL.—Notwithstanding any other provision of this title”; and

(4) by adding at the end the following new paragraph:

“(2) INAPPLICABILITY.—The Secretarial authority described in paragraph (1) shall not apply with respect to preventive services described in section 1861(ww)(2)(O).”.

(f) Effective date.—The amendments made by this section shall apply with respect to items and services furnished on or after January 1, 2026.

SEC. 4. Medicaid coverage of peripheral artery disease screening tests furnished to at-risk beneficiaries without imposition of cost-sharing requirements.

(a) In general.—Section 1905 of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1396d) is amended—

(1) in subsection (a)—

(A) in paragraph (31), by striking “and” at the end;

(B) by redesignating paragraph (32) as paragraph (33); and

(C) by inserting after paragraph (31) the following new paragraph:

“(32) peripheral artery disease screening tests furnished to at-risk beneficiaries (as such terms are defined in subsection (kk)); and”; and

(2) by adding at the end the following new subsection:

“(kk) Peripheral artery disease screening test; At-Risk beneficiary.—

“(1) PERIPHERAL ARTERY DISEASE SCREENING TEST.—The term ‘peripheral artery disease screening test’ means—

“(A) noninvasive physiologic studies of extremity arteries (commonly referred to as ankle-brachial index testing);

“(B) arterial duplex scans of lower extremity arteries vascular; and

“(C) such other items and services as the Secretary determines, in consultation with relevant stakeholders, to be appropriate for screening for peripheral artery disease for at-risk beneficiaries.

“(2) AT-RISK BENEFICIARY.—The term ‘at-risk beneficiary’ means an individual enrolled under a State plan (or a waiver of such plan)—

“(A) who is 65 years of age or older;

“(B) who is at least 50 years of age but not older than 64 years of age with risk factors for atherosclerosis (such as diabetes mellitus, a history of smoking, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension) or a family history of peripheral artery disease;

“(C) who is younger than 50 years of age with diabetes mellitus and one additional risk factor for atherosclerosis; or

“(D) with a known atherosclerotic disease in another vascular bed such as coronary, carotid, subclavian, renal, or mesenteric artery stenosis, or abdominal aortic aneurysm.

“(3) FREQUENCY.—The Secretary shall, in consultation with appropriate organizations, establish standards regarding the frequency for peripheral artery disease screening tests described in subsection (a)(31) for purposes of coverage under a State plan under this title.”.

(b) No cost sharing.—

(1) IN GENERAL.—Subsections (a)(2) and (b)(2) of section 1916 of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1396o) are each amended—

(A) in subparagraph (I), by striking “or” at the end;

(B) in subparagraph (J), by striking “; and” and inserting “, or”; and

(C) by adding at the end the following new subparagraph:

“(K) peripheral artery disease screening tests furnished to at-risk beneficiaries (as such terms are defined in section 1905(kk)); and”.

(2) APPLICATION TO ALTERNATIVE COST SHARING.—Section 1916A(b)(3)(B) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1396o–1(b)(3)(B)) is amended by adding at the end the following new clause:

“(xv) Peripheral artery disease screening tests furnished to at-risk beneficiaries (as such terms are defined in section 1905(kk)).”.

(c) Conforming amendments.—

(1) Section 1902(nn)(3) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1396a(nn)(3)) is amended by striking “following paragraph (31)” and inserting “following paragraph (32)”.

(2) Section 1905(a) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1396d(a)) is amended by striking “following paragraph (31)” and inserting “following paragraph (32)”.

SEC. 5. Development and implementation of quality measures.

(a) Development.—The Secretary of Health and Human Services (referred to in this section as the “Secretary”) shall, in consultation with relevant stakeholders, develop quality measures for nontraumatic, lower-limb, major amputation that utilize appropriate diagnostic screening (including peripheral artery disease screening) in order to encourage alternative treatments (including revascularization) in lieu of such an amputation.

(b) Implementation.—Not later than 18 months after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall complete appropriate testing and validation of the measures developed under subsection (a) and shall incorporate such measures in quality reporting programs for appropriate providers of services and suppliers under the Medicare program under title XVIII of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395 et seq.), including for purposes of—

(1) the merit-based incentive payment system under section 1848(q) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 1395w–4(q));

(2) incentive payments for participation in eligible alternative payment models under section 1833(z) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 1395l(z));

(3) the shared savings program under section 1899 of such Act (42 U.S.C. 1395jjj);

(4) models under section 1115A of such Act (42 U.S.C. 1315a); and

(5) such other payment systems or models as the Secretary may specify.

SEC. 6. Amputation prevention pilot program.

(a) In general.—Section 1115A(b)(2)(B) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1315a(b)(2)(B)) is amended by adding at the end the following new clause:

“(xxviii) Promoting voluntary, nontraumatic lower-limb major amputation prevention programs at hospitals, ambulatory surgical centers, and office-based centers that will increase access to amputation prevention services, reduce amputation rates, and reduce costs to such hospitals, surgical centers, and office-based centers, through—

“(I) patient risk modification and management;

“(II) early screening and detection and surveillance;

“(III) testing and treatment for peripheral artery disease; and

“(IV) improved care coordination for individuals at high risk for amputation.”.

(b) Testing of model.—Not later than 18 months after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Deputy Administrator and Director of the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Innovation shall test the model described under subsection (a).

H.R.317 – Healthcare Freedom Act of 2025

To amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to create health freedom accounts available to all individuals.

SEC. 2. Health freedom accounts.

(a) In general.—Section 223 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by striking “health savings account” and “health savings accounts” each place such terms appear and inserting “health freedom account” and “health freedom accounts”, respectively.

(b) All individuals allowed deductions for contributions.—Section 223(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by striking “who is an eligible individual for any month during the taxable year”.

(c) No limitation on purchasing health coverage from health freedom accounts.—Section 223(d)(2) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by striking subparagraphs (B) and (C) and the last sentence of subparagraph (A) and by adding at the end the following new subsection:

“(B) ADDITIONAL EXPENSES.—The term ‘qualified medical expenses’ includes costs associated with direct primary care, health care sharing ministries, and medical cost sharing organizations.”.

(d) Transfers allowed to other health freedom accounts.—Section 223(f)(5) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended to read as follows:

“(5) ROLLOVER CONTRIBUTION.—An amount paid or distributed from a health freedom account is a rollover contribution to the extent the amount received is paid into any other health freedom account not later than the 60th day after the date of such payment or distribution.”.

(e) Increase in contribution limits.—Section 223(b)(1) of such Code is amended by striking “the sum of the monthly” and all that follows through “eligible individual” and inserting “$12,000 (twice such amount in the case of a joint return)”.

(f) Conforming amendments.—

(1) Section 223(b) of such Code is amended by striking paragraphs (2), (5), (7), and (8) and by redesignating paragraphs (3), (4), and (6) as paragraphs (2), (3), and (4), respectively.

(2) Section 223(b)(2) of such Code (as redesignated by paragraph (2)) is amended to read as follows:

“(2) ADDITIONAL CONTRIBUTIONS FOR INDIVIDUALS 55 OR OLDER.—In the case of an individual who has attained age 55 before the close of the taxable year, the limitation under paragraph (1) shall be increased by $5,000.”.

(3) Section 223(b)(3) of such Code (as redesignated by subparagraph (A)) is amended by striking the last sentence.

(4) Section 223 of such Code is amended by striking subsection (c).

(5) Section 223(d)(1)(A) of such Code is amended by striking “will be accepted” and all that follows through the period at the end and inserting “will be accepted unless it is in cash.”.

(6) Section 223(f) of such Code is amended by striking paragraphs (7) and (8).

(7) Section 223(g)(1) of such Code is amended—

(A) by striking “Each dollar amount in subsections (b)(2) and (c)(2)(A)” and inserting “The dollar amount in subsection (b)(1)”;

(B) by striking “thereof” and all that follows in subparagraph (B) through “ ‘calendar year 2003’.” and inserting “ ‘calendar year 1997’.”; and

(C) by striking “under subsections (b)(2) and (c)(2)(A)” and inserting “under subsection (b)(1)”.

(8) The table of sections for part VII of subchapter B of chapter 1 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended in the item relating to section 223 by striking “savings” and inserting “freedom”.

(g) Effective date.—The amendments made by this section shall apply with respect to months in taxable years beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act.

SEC. 3. Exclusion for employer contributions to health freedom accounts.

(a) Employer exclusion.—

(1) IN GENERAL.—The Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by inserting after section 106 the following new section:

“SEC. 106A. Contributions by employers to health freedom accounts.

“In the case of any employee hired by an employer on or after the date that is 5 years after the date of the enactment of this section, gross income of such employee does not include amounts contributed by such employer to a health freedom account of such employee.”.

(2) EXCLUSION FOR CONTRIBUTIONS BY EMPLOYER TO ACCIDENT AND HEALTH PLANS.—Section 106 of such Code is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection:

“(h) Termination.—In the case of any employee hired by an employer on or after the date that is 5 years after the date of the enactment of this section, this section shall not apply to coverage provided by such employer with respect to such employee.”.

(3) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—The table of sections for part III of subchapter B of chapter 1 of such Code is amended by striking the item relating to section 106 and inserting the following:

“Sec. 106A. Contributions by employers to health freedom accounts.”.

(4) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The amendments made by this subsection shall apply with respect to employees hired on or after the date that is 5 years after the date of the enactment of this Act.

(b) Transition rule.—

(1) IN GENERAL.—Section 106(d)(1) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended to read as follows:

“(1) IN GENERAL.—Amounts contributed by an employee’s employer to any health freedom account (as defined in section 223(d)) of such employee shall be treated as employer-provided coverage for medical expenses under an accident or health plan.”.

(2) IN GENERAL.—The amendment made by this subsection shall apply with respect to taxable years beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act.

H.R.479 – Healthy SNAP Act of 2025

Summary: This bill amends the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) to redefine the foods eligible for purchase with SNAP benefits.

Under the bill, SNAP benefits may not be used for soft drinks, candy, ice cream, or prepared desserts, such as cakes, pies, cookies, or similar products.

Further, the Department of Agriculture (USDA) must designate by regulation foods and food products to include in the SNAP definition of the term food. USDA must consider food and products that (1) based on nutrition research, contain nutrients lacking in the diets of people in the United States; and (2) promote the health of the population served by SNAP, based on relevant nutrition science, public health concerns, and cultural eating patterns. USDA must also, to the maximum extent practicable, ensure that the fat, sugar, and salt content of the food and food products are appropriate. At least every five years, USDA must review and amend the list.

In addition, prepared meals purchased with SNAP benefits must have nutritional values consistent with standards developed by USDA for the list of food and food products.

A state agency may substitute different foods for food USDA designated under this bill, with USDA approval, so long as the foods are nutritionally equivalent; this is permitted to allow for different cultural eating patterns.

To amend the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 to require the Secretary to designate food and food products to be made available under the supplemental nutrition assistance program, and for other purposes.

SEC. 2. Food under supplemental nutrition assistance program.

(a) Definition of food.—Section 3(k)(1) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2012(k)(1)) is amended—

(1) by striking “except alcoholic beverages, tobacco” and inserting the following “designated by the Secretary under section 4(d), except any alcoholic beverages, tobacco, soft drinks, candy, ice cream, prepared desserts such as cakes, pies, cookies, or similar products”; and

(2) by striking “clauses” and inserting “paragraphs”.

(b) Designated food.—Section 4 of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2013) is amended by adding at the end the following:

“(d) Designated food.—

“(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this subsection, the Secretary shall designate by regulation the foods and food products that shall be included in the definition of the term ‘food’ under section 3(k)(1).

“(2) CONSIDERATIONS.—In carrying out paragraph (1), the Secretary shall—

“(A) take into consideration food and food products that—

“(i) based on nutrition research, contain nutrients lacking in the diets of people in the United States; and

“(ii) promote the health of the population served by the supplemental nutrition assistance program, based on relevant nutrition science, public health concerns, and cultural eating patterns; and

“(B) to the maximum extent practicable, ensure that the fat, sugar, and salt content of the food and food products is appropriate.

“(3) REVIEW OF AVAILABLE FOODS.—As frequently as determined by the Secretary to be necessary to reflect the most recent scientific knowledge, but not less frequently than once every 5 years, the Secretary shall—

“(A) conduct a scientific review of the food and food products designated under paragraph (1); and

“(B) amend those foods and food products, as necessary, to reflect nutrition science, public health concerns, and cultural eating patterns.

“(4) PREPARED MEALS.—Prepared meals described in section 3(k) shall have nutritional values consistent with regulations developed by the Secretary under this subsection.

“(5) CULTURAL CUISINES.—To allow for different cultural eating patterns, State agencies may, with the approval of the Secretary, substitute different food for food designated under paragraph (1) subject to the condition that the different food is nutritionally equivalent to the substituted food.”.

H.R.530 – ACES Act

To provide for a study by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine on the prevalence and mortality of cancer among individuals who served as active duty aircrew in the Armed Forces, and for other purposes.

SEC. 2. National Academies study on prevalence and mortality of cancer among individuals who served as active duty aircrew in the Armed Forces.

(a) In general.—The Secretary of Veterans Affairs shall enter into an agreement with the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (in this section referred to as the “National Academies”), under which the National Academies shall conduct a study on the prevalence and mortality of cancers among covered individuals.

(b) Study.—The study required under subsection (a) shall—

(1) identify exposures associated with military occupations of covered individuals, including relating to chemicals, compounds, agents, and other phenomena;

(2) review the literature to determine associations between exposures referred to in paragraph (1) and the incidence or prevalence of overall cancer morbidity, overall cancer mortality, and increased incidence or prevalence of—

(A) brain cancer;

(B) colon and rectal cancers;

(C) kidney cancer;

(D) lung cancer;

(E) melanoma skin cancer;

(F) non-Hodgkin lymphoma;

(G) pancreatic cancer;

(H) prostate cancer;

(I) testiscular cancer;

(J) thyroid cancer;

(K) urinary bladder cancer; and

(L) other cancers as determined appropriate by the Secretary of Veterans Affairs, in consultation with the National Academies; and

(3) determine, to the extent possible, the prevalence of and mortality from the cancers specified in paragraph (2) among covered individuals by using available sources of data, which may include—

(A) health care and other administrative databases of the Department of Veterans Affairs, the Department of Defense, and the individual Services, respectively;

(B) the national death index maintained by the National Center for Health Statistics of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; and

(C) the study conducted under section 750 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law 116–283; 134 Stat. 3716).

(c) Report.—At the conclusion of the study required under subsection (a), the National Academies shall submit to the Secretary and to the Committees on Veterans’ Affairs of the House of Representatives and the Senate a report containing the results of the study described in subsection (b).

(d) Covered individual defined.—In this section, the term “covered individual” means an individual who served on active duty in the Army, Navy, Air Force, or Marine Corps as an aircrew member of a fixed-wing aircraft, including as a pilot, navigator, weapons systems operator, aircraft system operator, or any other crew member who regularly flew in a fixed-wing aircraft.

H.R.539 – Chiropractic Medicare Coverage Modernization Act of 2025

To amend title XVIII of the Social Security Act to provide Medicare coverage for all physicians’ services furnished by doctors of chiropractic within the scope of their license, and for other purposes.

SEC. 2. Findings; Statement of purpose.

(a) Findings.—Congress finds the following:

(1) In 1972, coverage was established under the Medicare program for beneficiaries to receive chiropractic care.

(2) Unfortunately, the antiquated statute restricts beneficiaries to one service in a chiropractic clinic and Medicare chiropractic coverage has not kept up with private sector coverage and other Federal health delivery systems.

(3) Today, due to positive evidence-based outcomes and cost effectiveness of the services provided by doctors of chiropractic, private coverage for chiropractic services has evolved and State licensure for chiropractors has advanced to meet patient needs and health outcomes.

(4) This Act would bring Medicare chiropractic coverage more in line with that provided with the Department of Veterans Affairs, Department of Defense, the Federal Employee Health Benefits Program, and private health insurance coverage.

(b) Purpose.—It is the purpose of this Act to expand recognition and coverage of a doctor of chiropractic as a “physician” under the Medicare program in connection with the performance of any function or action, including current service of “manual manipulation of the spine to correct a subluxation”, as is legally authorized by the State in which such doctor performs such function or action.

SEC. 3. Providing Medicare coverage for all physicians’ services furnished by doctors of chiropractic within the scope of their license.

(a) In general.—Section 1861(r)(5) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395x(r)(5)) is amended by striking “a chiropractor who is licensed as such by the State (or in a State which does not license chiropractors as such, is legally authorized to perform the services of a chiropractor in the jurisdiction in which he performs such services), and who meets uniform minimum standards promulgated by the Secretary, but only for the purpose of sections 1861(s)(1) and 1861(s)(2)(A) and only with respect to treatment by means of manual manipulation of the spine (to correct a subluxation) which he is legally authorized to perform by the State or jurisdiction in which such treatment is provided” and inserting “a doctor of chiropractic who is licensed as a doctor of chiropractic or a chiropractor by the State in which the function or action is performed and whose license provides legal authorization to perform such function or action in such State or in the jurisdiction in which the function or action is performed”.

(b) Certain coverage limits.—Section 1833 of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395l) is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection:

“(ee) Limitation on payment of services provided by certain doctors of chiropractic.—Notwithstanding any other provision of this part, in the case of services of a doctor of chiropractic described in section 1861(r)(5), payment may only be made under this part for such services if—

“(1) such services are furnished by a doctor of chiropractic who is verified once, by a process designed by the Secretary, as attending an educational documentation webinar, or other similar electronic product, designed by the Secretary or an updated modified version of such webinar, as designed by the Secretary; or

“(2) such services are treatment by means of manual manipulation of the spine to correct a subluxation.”.

H.R.609 – Assuring Medicare’s Promise Act of 2025

To amend the Social Security Act and the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to include net investment income tax imposed in the Federal Hospital Insurance Trust Fund and to modify the net investment income tax.

SEC. 2. Inclusion of net investment income tax in Hospital Insurance Trust Fund.

(a) In general.—Section 1817(a) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395i(a)) is amended—

(1) by striking “and” at the end of paragraph (1);

(2) by striking the period at the end of paragraph (2) and inserting “; and”; and

(3) by inserting after paragraph (2) the following new paragraph:

“(3) the taxes imposed by section 1411 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 reported to the Secretary of the Treasury or the Secretary’s delegate on tax returns under subtitle F of such Code.”.

(b) Effective date.—The amendments made by this section shall apply with respect to taxes imposed for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2025.

SEC. 3. Application of net investment income tax to trade or business income of certain high income individuals.

(a) In general.—Section 1411 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection:

“(f) Application to certain high income individuals.—

“(1) IN GENERAL.—In the case of any individual whose modified adjusted gross income for the taxable year exceeds the high income threshold amount, subsection (a)(1) shall be applied by substituting ‘the greater of specified net income or net investment income’ for ‘net investment income’ in subparagraph (A) thereof.

“(2) PHASE-IN OF INCREASE.—The increase in the tax imposed under subsection (a)(1) by reason of the application of paragraph (1) of this subsection shall not exceed the amount which bears the same ratio to the amount of such increase (determined without regard to this paragraph) as—

“(A) the excess described in paragraph (1), bears to

“(B) $100,000 (½ such amount in the case of a married taxpayer (as defined in section 7703) filing a separate return).

“(3) HIGH INCOME THRESHOLD AMOUNT.—For purposes of this subsection, the term ‘high income threshold amount’ means—

“(A) except as provided in subparagraph (B) or (C), $400,000,

“(B) in the case of a taxpayer making a joint return under section 6013 or a surviving spouse (as defined in section 2(a)), $500,000, and

“(C) in the case of a married taxpayer (as defined in section 7703) filing a separate return, ½ of the dollar amount determined under subparagraph (B).

“(4) SPECIFIED NET INCOME.—For purposes of this section, the term ‘specified net income’ means net investment income determined—

“(A) without regard to the phrase ‘other than such income which is derived in the ordinary course of a trade or business not described in paragraph (2),’ in subsection (c)(1)(A)(i),

“(B) without regard to the phrase ‘described in paragraph (2)’ in subsection (c)(1)(A)(ii),

“(C) without regard to the phrase ‘other than property held in a trade or business not described in paragraph (2)’ in subsection (c)(1)(A)(iii),

“(D) without regard to paragraphs (2), (3), and (4) of subsection (c), and

“(E) by treating paragraphs (5) and (6) of section 469(c) (determined without regard to the phrase ‘To the extent provided in regulations,’ in such paragraph (6)) as applying for purposes of subsection (c) of this section.”.

(b) Application to trusts and estates.—Section 1411(a)(2)(A) of such Code is amended by striking “undistributed net investment income” and inserting “the greater of undistributed specified net income or undistributed net investment income”.

(c) Clarifications with respect to determination of net investment income.—

(1) CERTAIN EXCEPTIONS.—Section 1411(c)(6) of such Code is amended to read as follows:

“(6) SPECIAL RULES.—Net investment income shall not include—

“(A) any item taken into account in determining self-employment income for such taxable year on which a tax is imposed by section 1401(b),

“(B) wages received with respect to employment on which a tax is imposed under section 3101(b) or 3201(a) (including amounts taken into account under section 3121(v)(2)), and

“(C) wages received from the performance of services earned outside the United States for a foreign employer.”.

(2) NET OPERATING LOSSES NOT TAKEN INTO ACCOUNT.—Section 1411(c)(1)(B) of such Code is amended by inserting “(other than section 172)” after “this subtitle”.

(3) INCLUSION OF CERTAIN FOREIGN INCOME.—

(A) IN GENERAL.—Section 1411(c)(1)(A) of such Code is amended by striking “and” at the end of clause (ii), by striking “over” at the end of clause (iii) and inserting “and”, and by adding at the end the following new clause:

“(iv) any amount includible in gross income under section 951, 951A, 1293, or 1296, over”.

(B) PROPER TREATMENT OF CERTAIN PREVIOUSLY TAXED INCOME.—Section 1411(c) of such Code is amended by adding at the end the following new paragraph:

“(7) CERTAIN PREVIOUSLY TAXED INCOME.—The Secretary shall issue regulations or other guidance providing for the treatment of—

“(A) distributions of amounts previously included in gross income for purposes of chapter 1 but not previously subject to tax under this section, and

“(B) distributions described in section 962(d).”.

(d) Effective date.—The amendments made by this section shall apply to taxable years beginning after December 31, 2025.

(e) Transition rule.—The regulations or other guidance issued by the Secretary under section 1411(c)(7) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (as added by this section) shall include provisions which provide for the proper coordination and application of clauses (i) and (iv) of section 1411(c)(1)(A) with respect to—

(1) taxable years beginning on or before December 31, 2025, and

(2) taxable years beginning after such date.

H.R.610 – Close the Medigap Act of 2025

To amend title XVIII of the Social Security Act to provide for certain reforms with respect to medicare supplemental health insurance policies.

SEC. 2. Guaranteed issue.

(a) In general.—Section 1882(s) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395ss(s)) is amended to read as follows:

“(s) (1) Subject to paragraph (2), the issuer of a medicare supplemental policy may not, in the case of an individual entitled to benefits under part A and enrolled under part B—

“(A) deny or condition the issuance or effectiveness of a medicare supplemental policy, or discriminate in the pricing of the policy, because of health status, claims experience, receipt of health care, or medical condition;

“(B) exclude benefits based on a preexisting condition;

“(C) provide any time period applicable to preexisting conditions, waiting periods, elimination periods, and probationary periods for any benefit;

“(D) deny or condition the issuance or effectiveness of the policy (including the imposition of any exclusion of benefits under the policy based on a preexisting condition) or discriminate in the pricing of the policy (including the adjustment of premium rates) of an individual on the basis of the genetic information with respect to such individual;

“(E) deny or condition the issuance or effectiveness of a medicare supplemental policy that is offered and is available for issuance to new enrollees by such issuer; or

“(F) establish any period limiting enrollment under a medicare supplemental policy to such period for any individual.

“(2) Paragraph (1) shall not apply to an individual entitled to benefits under part A solely by reason of section 226A.

“(3) Nothing in this subsection or in subparagraph (A) or (B) of subsection (x)(2) shall be construed to limit the ability of an issuer of a medicare supplemental policy from, to the extent otherwise permitted under this title—

“(A) denying or conditioning the issuance or effectiveness of the policy or increasing the premium for an employer based on the manifestation of a disease or disorder of an individual who is covered under the policy; or

“(B) increasing the premium for any policy issued to an individual based on the manifestation of a disease or disorder of an individual who is covered under the policy (in such case, the manifestation of a disease or disorder in one individual cannot also be used as genetic information about other group members.”.

(b) Outreach plan.—

(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Health and Human Services shall develop an outreach plan to notify individuals entitled to benefits under part A or enrolled under part B of title XVIII of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395 et seq.) of the effects of the amendment made by subsection (a).

(2) CONSULTATION.—In implementing the outreach plan developed under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall consult with consumer advocates, brokers, insurers, the National Association of Insurance Commissioners, and State Health Insurance Assistance Programs.

(c) Effective date; phase-In authority.—

(1) EFFECTIVE DATE.—Subject to paragraph (2), the amendment made by subsection (a) shall apply to medicare supplemental policies effective on or after January 1, 2026.

(2) PHASE-IN AUTHORITY.—

(A) IN GENERAL.—Subject to subparagraph (B), the Secretary of Health and Human Services may phase in the implementation of the amendment made under subsection (a) (with such phase-in beginning on or after January 1, 2026) in such manner as the Secretary determines appropriate in order to minimize any adverse impact on individuals enrolled under a medicare supplemental policy.

(B) PHASE-IN PERIOD MAY NOT EXCEED 5 YEARS.—The Secretary of Health and Human Services shall ensure that the amendment made by subsection (a) is fully implemented by not later than January 1, 2031.

SEC. 3. Medical loss ratio.

Section 1882(r)(1)(A) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395ss(r)(1)(A)) is amended—

(1) by inserting “and periodically reviewed” after “developed”; and

(2) by striking “policy, at least 75 percent of the aggregate amount of premiums collected in the case of group policies and at least 65 percent in the case of individual policies; and” and inserting the following: “policy—

“(i) with respect to periods beginning before January 1, 2026, at least 75 percent of the aggregate amount of premiums collected in the case of group policies and at least 65 percent in the case of individual policies; and

“(ii) with respect to periods beginning on or after January 1, 2026, a percent of the aggregate amount of premiums collected that, in the case of group policies or individual policies, as applicable, is equal to or greater than both—

“(I) the applicable percent specified in clause (i) with respect to such policies; and

“(II) such percent as the National Association of Insurance Commissioners may recommend to the Secretary with respect to such policies for purposes of this paragraph; and”.

SEC. 4. Limitations on pricing discrimination.

(a) In general.—Section 1882 of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395ss), as amended by section 6, is further amended by adding at the end the following new subsection:

“(aa) Development of new standards relating to pricing discrimination.—

“(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall request the National Association of Insurance Commissioners to review and revise the standards for all benefit packages under subsection (p)(1), including the core benefit package, in order to provide coverage consistent with paragraph (2). Such revisions shall be made consistent with the rules applicable under subsection (p)(1)(E) (with the reference to the ‘1991 NAIC Model Regulation’ deemed a reference to the NAIC Model Regulation as most recently updated by the National Association of Insurance Commissioners to reflect previous changes in law and the reference to ‘date of enactment of this subsection’ deemed a reference to the date of enactment of this subsection).

“(2) CHANGES IN COST-SHARING DESCRIBED.—Under the revised standards, coverage shall not be available under a Medicare supplemental insurance policy unless the issuer of the policy, in addition to conforming to the other applicable requirements of this section—

“(A) does not discriminate in the pricing of the policy because of the age of the individual to whom the policy is issued;

“(B) does not, to an extent that jeopardizes the access to such policy for individuals who are eligible to participate in the program under this title because the individuals are individuals described in paragraph (2) or (3) of section 1811, discriminate in the pricing of the policy because the individual to whom the policy is issued is so eligible to participate in such program because the individual is an individual so described in such a paragraph; and

“(C) does not establish premiums applicable under such policy on a basis that would apply to a portion of, but not the entirety of, a county or equivalent area specified by the Secretary.

“(3) APPLICATION DATE.—The revised standards shall apply to benefit packages sold, issued, or renewed under this section to individuals who first become entitled to benefits under part A or first enrolls in part B on or after January 1, 2026.”.

(b) Conforming amendment.—Section 1882(o)(1) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 1395ss(o)(1)) is amended by striking “, and (y)” and inserting “(y), and (aa)”.

SEC. 5. Clarifying beneficiary options on the Medicare plan finder website.

Section 1804 of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395b–2) is amended by adding at the end the following new subsections:

“(d) In the case that the Secretary provides for a Medicare plan finder internet website of the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (or a successor website), the Secretary shall, with respect to such website and in accordance with subsection (f)—

“(1) make available on such website—

“(A) access to provider networks in order to provide to individuals entitled to benefits under part A or enrolled under part B information to assist such individuals in understanding the restrictions on providers and potential costs entailed by their decisions regarding enrollment under parts A and B, under part C, and in medicare supplemental policies under section 1882;

“(B) a review of out-of-pocket expenditures, including deductibles, copayments, coinsurance, monthly premiums, and estimated annual out-of-pocket costs, displayed overall and by components, based on the best available information as determined by the Secretary; and

“(C) during the period prior to January 1, 2026, information regarding the rules that, in each State, pertain to guaranteed issue of medicare supplemental health insurance policies prior to implementation of the provisions of the Close the Medigap Act of 2025 and, in the case that a State has no such rules pertaining to guaranteed issue of such policies, clear language explaining the implications of such lack of rules for individuals with pre-existing conditions;

“(2) not later than January 1, 2026, and periodically thereafter, perform a review of such website in order to ensure that such website makes available to individuals entitled to benefits under part A or enrolled under part B the information that the Secretary determines is necessary for such individuals to make informed choices regarding their options under the program under this title; and

“(3) not later than 12 months after the last day of each period for the request for information under subsection (e), update such website, taking into consideration the information collected pursuant to such subsection, to clarify the presentation of consumer options for medicare supplemental health insurance policy options, including by presenting such information in a manner calculated to be understood by the average consumer and in a manner that—

“(A) improves consumer access to information regarding the applicable premiums under such policy options as of the date on which such website is so updated;

“(B) facilitates consumers’ ability to compare and sort policy options and premium information across plan offerings in a given location;

“(C) clarifies and explains differences in policy value;

“(D) rates and explains the financial stability of issuers of such policies;

“(E) provides data on the inflation rate of different policies;

“(F) provides information regarding the guaranteed issue requirements that apply to medicare supplemental health insurance policies under section 1882(s)(3); and

“(G) includes such general information as is determined by the Secretary to be necessary for individuals entitled to benefits under part A or enrolled under part B to understand costs under MA plans available pursuant to part C and prescription drug plans available pursuant to part D.

“(e) Not later than 6 months after the date of the enactment of this subsection and beginning on December 7 of each year thereafter, the Secretary of Health and Human Services shall provide an opportunity for public comment during which the Secretary requests information, including recommendations, from stakeholders regarding potential improvements to the presentation of medicare supplemental health insurance policy options under section 1882 on the Medicare plan finder internet website of the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (or a successor website).

“(f) With respect to any information that the Secretary makes available on the Medicare plan finder internet website of the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (or a successor website) pursuant to subsection (d), the Secretary shall, prior to making such information available—

“(1) provide, in consultation with the National Association of Insurance Commissioners, an opportunity for consumer testing of such information;

“(2) share the results of such consumer testing of such information with interested stakeholders; and

“(3) provide a 60-day public comment period with respect to such information.”.

SEC. 6. Restoring access to first-dollar Medigap coverage.

Section 1882 of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395ss) is amended by striking subsection (z).

SEC. 7. Broker transparency.

Section 1128G of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1320a–7h) is amended—

(1) in subsection (c)(1)(A), by striking “2011,” and inserting “2011 (or, with respect to information required to be submitted under subsection (f)(1), not later than six months after the date of the enactment of such subsection),”; and

(2) by adding at the end the following new subsection:

“(f) Application to Medigap insurance brokers.—

“(1) IN GENERAL.—Beginning not later than 12 months after the date of enactment of this subsection, each issuer of a medicare supplemental health insurance policy shall annually submit to the Secretary a report regarding payments or other transfers of value made during the previous year to agents, brokers, and other third parties representing such policy. Each such report shall include the following information, with respect to such a payment or other transfer of value:

“(A) The name of the recipient of the payment or other transfer of value.

“(B) The business address of the recipient.

“(C) The amount of the payment or other transfer of value.

“(D) The dates on which the payment or transfer of value was provided.

“(E) A description of the form of the payment or transfer of value.

“(F) Any other categories of information the Secretary determines appropriate.

“(2) APPLICATION OF TRANSPARENCY SYSTEM.—The provisions of subsections (b) through (d) shall apply to an issuer described in paragraph (1), information required to be reported under such paragraph, and agents, brokers, and other third parties described in such paragraph in the same manner and to the same extent as such provisions apply to an applicable manufacturer, information required to be reported under subsection (a), and a covered recipient.”.

H.R.612 – Health Care Providers Safety Act of 2025

SEC. 2. Grants to health care providers to enhance security.

Part P of title III of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 280g et seq.) (as amended by Public Law 117–328) is amended by adding at the end the following:

“SEC. 399V–8. Grants to health care providers to enhance security.

“(a) In general.—The Secretary may award grants to health care providers to pay for security services and otherwise enhance the physical and cyber security of their facilities, personnel, and patients to ensure safe access.

“(b) Use of funds.—A health care provider receiving a grant under this section may use the grant to pay the costs of necessary security services and enhancements to physical access and cyber security, including video surveillance camera systems, data privacy enhancements, and structural improvements.”.

H.R.649 – Whole Milk for Healthy Kids Act of 2025

Summary:

This bill revises requirements for milk provided by the National School Lunch Program of the Department of Agriculture (USDA).

Currently, schools participating in the program must provide milk that is consistent with the most recent Dietary Guidelines for Americans; USDA regulations require milk to be fat-free or low-fat and allow milk to be flavored or unflavored. The bill modifies these restrictions and instead permits schools to offer students whole, reduced-fat, low-fat, and fat-free flavored and unflavored milk. The milk that is offered may be organic or nonorganic. Further, USDA may not prohibit a participating school from offering students any of these milk choices.

Further, schools currently must provide a substitute for fluid milk, on receipt of a written statement from a licensed physician, for students whose disability restricts their diet. Under the bill, a parent or legal guardian may also provide the written statement.

In addition, schools currently participating in the program must provide meals that meet certain nutrition requirements; USDA regulations require that the average saturated fat content of the meals offered must be less than 10% of the total calories. Under the bill, fluid milk is excluded from the saturated fat content calculation; milk fat included in any fluid milk provided by the program must not be considered saturated fat for the purposes of measuring compliance with USDA regulations.

Finally, the bill prohibits schools participating in the program from purchasing or offering milk produced by Chinese state-owned enterprises.

H.R.999 – To protect an individuals ability to access contraceptives and to engage in contraception and to protect a health care providers ability to provide contraceptives, contraception, and information related to contraception.

H.J.Res.12 – Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to limit the number of terms that a Member of Congress may serve.

This joint resolution proposes an amendment to the Constitution establishing term limits for individuals serving in the Senate and the House of Representatives.

The proposed amendment makes an individual who has served two terms in the Senate ineligible for appointment or election to the Senate and an individual who has served three terms as a Member of the House of Representatives ineligible for election to the House of Representatives.

The joint resolution provides that the amendment shall be valid when ratified by the legislatures of three-fourths of the states within seven years after the date of its submission for ratification.

Under Article V of the Constitution, both chambers of Congress may propose an amendment by a vote of two-thirds of all Members present for such vote. A proposed amendment must be ratified by the states as prescribed in Article V and as specified by Congress.

JOINT RESOLUTION

Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to limit the number of terms that a Member of Congress may serve.

Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled (two-thirds of each House concurring therein), That the following article is proposed as an amendment to the Constitution of the United States, which shall be valid to all intents and purposes as part of the Constitution when ratified by the legislatures of three-fourths of the several States within seven years after the date of its submission for ratification:

“article —

“ section 1. No person who has served 3 terms as a Representative shall be eligible for election to the House of Representatives. For purposes of this section, the election of a person to fill a vacancy in the House of Representatives shall be included as 1 term in determining the number of terms that such person has served as a Representative if the person fills the vacancy for more than 1 year.

“ section 2. No person who has served 2 terms as a Senator shall be eligible for election or appointment to the Senate. For purposes of this section, the election or appointment of a person to fill a vacancy in the Senate shall be included as 1 term in determining the number of terms that such person has served as a Senator if the person fills the vacancy for more than 3 years.

“ section 3. No term beginning before the date of the ratification of this article shall be taken into account in determining eligibility for election or appointment under this article.”.

H.R.98 – End Endless Criminal Statutes Act

To repeal certain unnecessary criminal offenses, and for other purposes.

SEC. 2. Findings.

Congress finds that actions which may unnecessarily carry criminal penalties under Federal statues include the following:

(1) Writing a check for less than $1.

(2) Selling or possessing colored oleomargarine or colored margarine unless they are packaged and labeled or served in a triangular shape.

(3) Discarding produce without sufficient cause or making a false report concerning that produce.

(4) Removing a stamp from any mail matter.

(5) Making metal coins of original design or attempting to use such coins.

(6) Wearing the uniform of letter carriers of the Postal Service.

(7) Detaining a seaman’s clothing.

(8) Boarding any vessel about to arrive at her destination before such arrival is complete.

(9) Placing mailable matter in a mailbox without postage attached to it.

(10) Sledding on the Capitol grounds when the Capitol Police are directed to prevent any portion of the Capitol grounds from being used as a playground.

SEC. 3. Repeal of Federal provisions.

(a) Section 336 of title 18, United States Code, is repealed.

(b) Subsections (b), (c), and (d) of section 407 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 347) are repealed.

(c) Section 1 of the Act of March 3, 1927 (7 U.S.C. 491; 44 Stat. 1355) is repealed.

(d) Section 1720 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by striking “Whoever unlawfully and willfully removes from any mail matter any stamp attached thereto in payment of postage; or”.

(e) Section 486 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by striking “or of original design.”.

(f) Section 11110 of title 46, United States Code, is amended by striking the second sentence.

(g) Section 2279 of title 18, United States Code, is repealed.

(h) Section 1725 of title 18, United States Code, is repealed.

(i) The Act entitled “An Act to protect the public property, turf, and grass of the Capitol Grounds from injury.” (2 U.S.C. 1963) is repealed.

SEC. 4. Intent requirement for offense related to uniforms of letter carrier.

Section 1730 of title 18, United States Code, is amended—

(1) by inserting after “to be worn by letter carriers” the following: “with the intent to commit an offense under this chapter”; and

(2) by striking the second undesignated paragraph.

H.R.142 – Regulations from the Executive in Need of Scrutiny Act of 2025

SEC. 2. Purpose.

The purpose of this Act is to increase accountability for and transparency in the Federal regulatory process. Section 1 of article I of the United States Constitution grants all legislative powers to Congress. Over time, Congress has excessively delegated its constitutional charge while failing to conduct appropriate oversight and retain accountability for the content of the laws it passes. By requiring a vote in Congress, the REINS Act will result in more carefully drafted and detailed legislation, an improved regulatory process, and a legislative branch that is truly accountable to the American people for the laws imposed upon them.

Long bill

H.R.274 – Sunset Chevron Act

To provide for the sunset of rules upheld based on Chevron deference.

SEC. 2. Definitions.

In this Act:

(1) The term “Chevron deference” means the legal doctrine of judicial deference pursuant to Chevron U.S.A., Inc. v. Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc. (467 U.S. 837 (1984)).

(2) The term “sunset date” means the date on which a rule will cease to have force or effect.

(3) The term “rule” has the meaning given such term in section 551 of title 5, United States Code.

SEC. 3. GAO Review of Rules Upheld by Chevron Deference.

(a) In general.—Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United States shall compile and publish a list of each decision issued by a Federal court that—

(1) upheld a rule based on Chevron deference;

(2) was not subsequently overturned; and

(3) pertains to a rule that is in effect on the date of enactment of this Act.

(b) Organization of list.—Such list shall—

(1) be organized by the agency that made the rule, and for each such agency, the list shall be in reverse chronological order of the date on which the agency made the relevant rule; and

(2) provide a sunset date for each rule.

(c) Sunset date calculation.—The Comptroller General shall calculate the sunset date for each rule identified in the list compiled under subsection (a) as follows:

(1) The sunset date for the most recent rule made by each agency and identified in the list under subsection (a) shall be on the date that is 30 days after the list under subsection (a) is published.

(2) The sunset date for each prior rule made by such agency and identified in the list under subsection (a) shall be 30 days after the sunset date of the rule made by such agency and identified in such list that precedes such prior rule.

SEC. 4. Exception to the CRA to the 6-Legislative-Day Window for Certain Rules.

Chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, shall apply to each rule identified under section 3, except that the 60-day period for filing a joint resolution under section 802(a) of that title shall not apply.

H.R.425 – Repealing Big Brother Overreach Act

To repeal the Corporate Transparency Act.

SEC. 2. Repeal.

• In general.—The Corporate Transparency Act (title LXIV of division F of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law 116–283; 134 Stat. 4604)) and the amendments made by that Act are repealed.

H.R.1078 – To amend the CARES Act to remove a requirement on lessors to provide notice to vacate, and for other purposes.

H.R.1106 – To amend the America COMPETES Act to establish certain scientific integrity policies for Federal agencies that fund, conduct, or oversee scientific research, and for other purposes.

H.R.1201 – To amend the Immigration and Nationality Act to increase the number of physicians who may be provided Conrad 30 waivers.

H.R.1232 – To preserve and protect the free choice of individual employees to form, join, or assist labor organizations, or to refrain from such activities.

H.R.27 – HALT Fentanyl Act or Halt All Lethal Trafficking of Fentanyl Act

This bill permanently places fentanyl-related substances as a class into schedule I of the Controlled Substances Act. A schedule I controlled substance is a drug, substance, or chemical that has a high potential for abuse; has no currently accepted medical value; and is subject to regulatory controls and administrative, civil, and criminal penalties under the Controlled Substances Act.

Under the bill, offenses involving fentanyl-related substances are triggered by the same quantity thresholds and subject to the same penalties as offenses involving fentanyl analogues (e.g., offenses involving 100 grams or more trigger a 10-year mandatory minimum prison term).

Additionally, the bill establishes a new, alternative registration process for certain schedule I research.

The bill also makes several other changes to registration requirements for conducting research with controlled substances, including

• permitting a single registration for related research sites in certain circumstances,
• waiving the requirement for a new inspection in certain situations, and
• allowing a registered researcher to perform certain manufacturing activities with small quantities of a substance without obtaining a manufacturing registration.

Finally, the bill expresses the sense that Congress agrees with the interpretation of Controlled Substances Act in United States v. McCray, a 2018 case decided by the U.S. District Court for the Western District of New York. In that case, the court held that butyryl fentanyl, a controlled substance, can be considered an analogue of fentanyl even though, under the Controlled Substances Act, the term controlled substance analogue specifically excludes a controlled substance.

To amend the Controlled Substances Act with respect to the scheduling of fentanyl-related substances, and for other purposes.

SEC. 2. Class scheduling of fentanyl-related substances.

Section 202(c) of the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 812(c)) is amended by adding at the end of schedule I the following:

“(e) (1) Unless specifically exempted or unless listed in another schedule, any material, compound, mixture, or preparation which contains any quantity of a fentanyl-related substance, or which contains the salts, isomers, and salts of isomers of a fentanyl-related substance whenever the existence of such salts, isomers, and salts of isomers is possible within the specific chemical designation.

“(2) For purposes of paragraph (1), except as provided in paragraph (3), the term ‘fentanyl-related substance’ means any substance that is structurally related to fentanyl by 1 or more of the following modifications:

“(A) By replacement of the phenyl portion of the phenethyl group by any monocycle, whether or not further substituted in or on the monocycle.

“(B) By substitution in or on the phenethyl group with alkyl, alkenyl, alkoxyl, hydroxyl, halo, haloalkyl, amino, or nitro groups.

“(C) By substitution in or on the piperidine ring with alkyl, alkenyl, alkoxyl, ester, ether, hydroxyl, halo, haloalkyl, amino, or nitro groups.

“(D) By replacement of the aniline ring with any aromatic monocycle whether or not further substituted in or on the aromatic monocycle.

“(E) By replacement of the N–propionyl group with another acyl group.

“(3) A substance that satisfies the definition of the term ‘fentanyl-related substance’ in paragraph (2) shall nonetheless not be treated as a fentanyl-related substance subject to this schedule if the substance—

“(A) is controlled by action of the Attorney General under section 201; or

“(B) is otherwise expressly listed in a schedule other than this schedule.

“(4) (A) The Attorney General may by order publish in the Federal Register a list of substances that satisfy the definition of the term ‘fentanyl-related substance’ in paragraph (2).

“(B) The absence of a substance from a list published under subparagraph (A) does not negate the control status of the substance under this schedule if the substance satisfies the definition of the term ‘fentanyl-related substance’ in paragraph (2).”.

SEC. 3. Registration requirements related to research.

(a) Alternative registration process for schedule I research.—Section 303 of the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 823) is amended—

(1) by redesignating the second subsection (l) (relating to required training for prescribers) as subsection (m); and

(2) by adding at the end the following:

“(n) Special provisions for practitioners conducting certain research with schedule i controlled substances.—

“(1) IN GENERAL.—Notwithstanding subsection (g), a practitioner may conduct research described in paragraph (2) of this subsection with 1 or more schedule I substances in accordance with subparagraph (A) or (B) of paragraph (3) of this subsection.

“(2) RESEARCH SUBJECT TO EXPEDITED PROCEDURES.—Research described in this paragraph is research that—

“(A) is with respect to a drug that is the subject of an investigational use exemption under section 505(i) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act; or

“(B) is—

“(i) conducted by the Department of Health and Human Services, the Department of Defense, or the Department of Veterans Affairs; or

“(ii) funded partly or entirely by a grant, contract, cooperative agreement, or other transaction from the Department of Health and Human Services, the Department of Defense, or the Department of Veterans Affairs.

“(3) EXPEDITED PROCEDURES.—

“(A) RESEARCHER WITH A CURRENT SCHEDULE I OR II RESEARCH REGISTRATION.—

“(i) IN GENERAL.—If a practitioner is registered to conduct research with a controlled substance in schedule I or II, the practitioner may conduct research under this subsection on and after the date that is 30 days after the date on which the practitioner sends a notice to the Attorney General containing the following information, with respect to each substance with which the practitioner will conduct the research:

“(I) The chemical name of the substance.

“(II) The quantity of the substance to be used in the research.

“(III) Demonstration that the research is in the category described in paragraph (2), which demonstration may be satisfied—

“(aa) in the case of a grant, contract, cooperative agreement, or other transaction, or intramural research project, by identifying the sponsoring agency and supplying the number of the grant, contract, cooperative agreement, other transaction, or project; or

“(bb) in the case of an application under section 505(i) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, by supplying the application number and the sponsor of record on the application.

“(IV) Demonstration that the researcher is authorized to conduct research with respect to the substance under the laws of the State in which the research will take place.

“(ii) VERIFICATION OF INFORMATION BY HHS OR VA.—Upon request from the Attorney General, the Secretary of Health and Human Services, the Department of Defense, or the Secretary of Veterans Affairs, as appropriate, shall verify information submitted by an applicant under clause (i)(III).

“(B) RESEARCHER WITHOUT A CURRENT SCHEDULE I OR II RESEARCH REGISTRATION.—

“(i) IN GENERAL.—If a practitioner is not registered to conduct research with a controlled substance in schedule I or II, the practitioner may send a notice to the Attorney General containing the information listed in subparagraph (A)(i), with respect to each substance with which the practitioner will conduct the research.

“(ii) ATTORNEY GENERAL ACTION.—The Attorney General shall—

“(I) treat notice received under clause (i) as a sufficient application for a research registration; and

“(II) not later than 45 days of receiving such a notice that contains all information required under subparagraph (A)(i)—

“(aa) register the applicant; or

“(bb) serve an order to show cause upon the applicant in accordance with section 304(c).

“(4) ELECTRONIC SUBMISSIONS.—The Attorney General shall provide a means to permit a practitioner to submit a notification under paragraph (3) electronically.

“(5) LIMITATION ON AMOUNTS.—A practitioner conducting research with a schedule I substance under this subsection may only possess the amounts of schedule I substance identified in—

“(A) the notification to the Attorney General under paragraph (3); or

“(B) a supplemental notification that the practitioner may send if the practitioner needs additional amounts for the research, which supplemental notification shall include—

“(i) the name of the practitioner;

“(ii) the additional quantity needed of the substance; and

“(iii) an attestation that the research to be conducted with the substance is consistent with the scope of the research that was the subject of the notification under paragraph (3).

“(6) IMPORTATION AND EXPORTATION REQUIREMENTS NOT AFFECTED.—Nothing in this subsection alters the requirements of part A of title III, regarding the importation and exportation of controlled substances.

“(7) INSPECTOR GENERAL REPORT.—Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Inspector General of the Department of Justice shall complete a study, and submit a report thereon, about research described in paragraph (2) of this subsection with fentanyl.”.

(b) Separate registrations not required for additional researcher in same institution.—

(1) IN GENERAL.—Section 302(c) of the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 822(c)) is amended by adding at the end the following:

“(4) An agent or employee of a research institution that is conducting research with a controlled substance if—

“(A) the agent or employee is acting within the scope of the professional practice of the agent or employee;

“(B) another agent or employee of the institution is registered to conduct research with a controlled substance in the same schedule;

“(C) the researcher who is so registered—

“(i) informs the Attorney General of the name, position title, and employing institution of the agent or employee who is not separately registered;

“(ii) authorizes that agent or employee to perform research under the registration of the registered researcher; and

“(iii) affirms that any act taken by that agent or employee involving a controlled substance shall be attributable to the registered researcher, as if the researcher had directly committed the act, for purposes of any proceeding under section 304(a) to suspend or revoke the registration of the registered researcher; and

“(D) the Attorney General does not, within 30 days of receiving the information, authorization, and affirmation described in subparagraph (C), refuse, for a reason listed in section 304(a), to allow the agent or employee to possess the substance without a separate registration.”.

(2) TECHNICAL CORRECTION.—Section 302(c)(3) of the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 822(c)(3)) is amended by striking “(25)” and inserting “(27)”.

(c) Single registration for related research sites.—Section 302(e) of the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 822(e)) is amended by adding at the end the following:

“(4) (A) Notwithstanding paragraph (1), a person registered to conduct research with a controlled substance under section 303(g) may conduct the research under a single registration if—

“(i) the research occurs exclusively on sites all of which are—

“(I) within the same city or county; and

“(II) under the control of the same institution, organization, or agency; and

“(ii) before commencing the research, the researcher notifies the Attorney General of each site where—

“(I) the research will be conducted; or

“(II) the controlled substance will be stored or administered.

“(B) A site described in subparagraph (A) shall be included in a registration described in that subparagraph only if the researcher has notified the Attorney General of the site—

“(i) in the application for the registration; or

“(ii) before the research is conducted, or before the controlled substance is stored or administered, at the site.

“(C) The Attorney General may, in consultation with the Secretary, issue regulations addressing, with respect to research sites described in subparagraph (A)—

“(i) the manner in which controlled substances may be delivered to the research sites;

“(ii) the storage and security of controlled substances at the research sites;

“(iii) the maintenance of records for the research sites; and

“(iv) any other matters necessary to ensure effective controls against diversion at the research sites.”.

(d) New inspection not required in certain situations.—Section 302(f) of the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 822(f)) is amended—

(1) by striking “(f) The” and inserting “(f)(1) The”; and

(2) by adding at the end the following:

“(2) (A) If a person is registered to conduct research with a controlled substance and applies for a registration, or for a modification of a registration, to conduct research with a second controlled substance that is in the same schedule as the first controlled substance, or is in a schedule with a higher numerical designation than the schedule of the first controlled substance, a new inspection by the Attorney General of the registered location is not required.

“(B) Nothing in subparagraph (A) shall prohibit the Attorney General from conducting an inspection that the Attorney General determines necessary to ensure that a registrant maintains effective controls against diversion.”.

(e) Continuation of research on substances newly added to schedule I.—Section 302 of the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 822) is amended by adding at the end the following:

“(h) Continuation of research on substances newly added to schedule I.—If a person is conducting research on a substance when the substance is added to schedule I, and the person is already registered to conduct research with a controlled substance in schedule I—

“(1) not later than 90 days after the scheduling of the newly scheduled substance, the person shall submit a completed application for registration or modification of existing registration, to conduct research on the substance, in accordance with regulations issued by the Attorney General for purposes of this paragraph;

“(2) the person may, notwithstanding subsections (a) and (b), continue to conduct the research on the substance until—

“(A) the person withdraws the application described in paragraph (1) of this subsection; or

“(B) the Attorney General serves on the person an order to show cause proposing the denial of the application under section 304(c);

“(3) if the Attorney General serves an order to show cause as described in paragraph (2)(B) and the person requests a hearing, the hearing shall be held on an expedited basis and not later than 45 days after the request is made, except that the hearing may be held at a later time if so requested by the person; and

“(4) if the person sends a copy of the application described in paragraph (1) to a manufacturer or distributor of the substance, receipt of the copy by the manufacturer or distributor shall constitute sufficient evidence that the person is authorized to receive the substance.”.

(f) Treatment of certain manufacturing activities as coincident to research.—Section 302 of the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 822), as amended by subsection (e), is amended by adding at the end the following:

“(i) Treatment of certain manufacturing activities as coincident to research.—

“(1) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided in paragraph (3), a person who is registered to perform research on a controlled substance may perform manufacturing activities with small quantities of that substance, including activities described in paragraph (2), without being required to obtain a manufacturing registration, if—

“(A) the activities are performed for the purpose of the research; and

“(B) the activities and the quantities of the substance involved in the activities are stated in—

“(i) a notification submitted to the Attorney General under section 303(n);

“(ii) a research protocol filed with an application for registration approval under section 303(g); or

“(iii) a notification to the Attorney General that includes—

“(I) the name of the registrant; and

“(II) an attestation that the research to be conducted with the small quantities of manufactured substance is consistent with the scope of the research that is the basis for the registration.

“(2) ACTIVITIES INCLUDED.—Activities permitted under paragraph (1) include—

“(A) processing the substance to create extracts, tinctures, oils, solutions, derivatives, or other forms of the substance consistent with—

“(i) the information provided as part of a notification submitted to the Attorney General under section 303(n); or

“(ii) a research protocol filed with an application for registration approval under section 303(g); and

“(B) dosage form development studies performed for the purpose of requesting an investigational new drug exemption under section 505(i) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 355(i)).

“(3) EXCEPTION REGARDING MARIHUANA.—The authority under paragraph (1) to manufacture substances does not include the authority to grow marihuana.”.

(g) Transparency regarding special procedures.—Section 303 of the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 823), as amended by subsection (a), is amended by adding at the end the following:

“(o) Transparency regarding special procedures.—

“(1) IN GENERAL.—If the Attorney General determines, with respect to a controlled substance, that an application by a practitioner to conduct research with the substance should be considered under a process, or subject to criteria, different from the process or criteria applicable to applications to conduct research with other controlled substances in the same schedule, the Attorney General shall make public, including by posting on the website of the Drug Enforcement Administration—

“(A) the identities of all substances for which such determinations have been made;

“(B) the process and criteria that shall be applied to applications to conduct research with those substances; and

“(C) how the process and criteria described in subparagraph (B) differ from the process and criteria applicable to applications to conduct research with other controlled substances in the same schedule.

“(2) TIMING OF POSTING.—The Attorney General shall make information described in paragraph (1) public upon making a determination described in that paragraph, regardless of whether a practitioner has submitted such an application at that time.”.

SEC. 4. Technical correction on controlled substances dispensing.

Effective as if included in the enactment of Public Law 117–328—

(1) section 1252(a) of division FF of Public Law 117–328 (136 Stat. 5681) is amended, in the matter being inserted into section 302(e) of the Controlled Substances Act, by striking “303(g)” and inserting “303(h)”;

(2) section 1262 of division FF of Public Law 117–328 (136 Stat. 5681) is amended—

(A) in subsection (a)—

(i) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by striking “303(g)” and inserting “303(h)”;

(ii) in the matter being stricken by subsection (a)(2), by striking “(g)(1)” and inserting “(h)(1)”; and

(iii) in the matter being inserted by subsection (a)(2), by striking “(g) Practitioners” and inserting “(h) Practitioners”; and

(B) in subsection (b)—

(i) in the matter being stricken by paragraph (1), by striking “303(g)(1)” and inserting “303(h)(1)”;

(ii) in the matter being inserted by paragraph (1), by striking “303(g)” and inserting “303(h)”;

(iii) in the matter being stricken by paragraph (2)(A), by striking “303(g)(2)” and inserting “303(h)(2)”;

(iv) in the matter being stricken by paragraph (3), by striking “303(g)(2)(B)” and inserting “303(h)(2)(B)”;

(v) in the matter being stricken by paragraph (5), by striking “303(g)” and inserting “303(h)”; and

(vi) in the matter being stricken by paragraph (6), by striking “303(g)” and inserting “303(h)”; and

(3) section 1263(b) of division FF of Public Law 117–328 (136 Stat. 5685) is amended—

(A) by striking “303(g)(2)” and inserting “303(h)(2)”; and

(B) by striking “(21 U.S.C. 823(g)(2))” and inserting “(21 U.S.C. 823(h)(2))”.

SEC. 5. Rulemaking.

(a) Interim final rules.—The Attorney General—

(1) shall, not later than 6 months after the date of enactment of this Act, issue rules to implement this Act and the amendments made by this Act; and

(2) may issue the rules under paragraph (1) as interim final rules.

(b) Procedure for final rule.—

(1) EFFECTIVENESS OF INTERIM FINAL RULES.—A rule issued by the Attorney General as an interim final rule under subsection (a) shall become immediately effective as an interim final rule without requiring the Attorney General to demonstrate good cause therefor, notwithstanding subparagraph (B) of section 553(b) of title 5, United States Code.

(2) OPPORTUNITY FOR COMMENT AND HEARING.—An interim final rule issued under subsection (a) shall give interested persons the opportunity to comment and to request a hearing.

(3) FINAL RULE.—After the conclusion of such proceedings, the Attorney General shall issue a final rule to implement this Act and the amendments made by this Act in accordance with section 553 of title 5, United States Code.

SEC. 6. Penalties.

(a) In general.—Section 401(b)(1) of the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 841(b)(1)) is amended—

(1) in subparagraph (A)(vi), by inserting “or a fentanyl-related substance” after “any analogue of N-phenyl-N-[1-(2-phenylethyl)-4-piperidinyl] propanamide”; and

(2) in subparagraph (B)(vi), by inserting “or a fentanyl-related substance” after “any analogue of N-phenyl-N-[1-(2-phenylethyl)-4-piperidinyl] propanamide”.

(b) Importation and exportation.—Section 1010(b) of the Controlled Substances Import and Export Act (21 U.S.C. 960(b)) is amended—

(1) in paragraph (1)(F), by inserting “or a fentanyl-related substance” after “any analogue of N-phenyl-N-[1-(2-phenylethyl)-4-piperidinyl] propanamide”; and

(2) in paragraph (2)(F), by inserting “or a fentanyl-related substance” after “any analogue of N-phenyl-N-[1-(2-phenylethyl)-4-piperidinyl] propanamide”.

(c) Definition of fentanyl-related substance.—Section 102 of the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 802) is amended by adding at the end the following:

“(60) The term ‘fentanyl-related substance’ has the meaning given the term in subsection (e)(2) of schedule I of section 202(c).”.

SEC. 7. Applicability; other matters.

(a) In general.—Irrespective of the date on which the rules required by section 5 are finalized, the amendments made by this Act apply beginning as of the enactment of this Act.

(b) Rule of construction.—Nothing in the amendments made by this Act may be construed as evidence that, in applying sections 401(b)(1) and 1010(b) of the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 841(b)(1) and 960(b)) with respect to conduct occurring before the date of the enactment of this Act, a fentanyl-related substance (as defined by such amendments) is not an analogue of N-phenyl-N-[1-(2-phenylethyl)-4-piperidinyl] propanamide.

(c) Sense of congress.—The Congress agrees with the interpretation of the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 801 et seq.) in United States v. McCray, 346 F. Supp. 3d 363 (2018).

Passed the House of Representatives February 6, 2025.

1. R. 128 “Fentanyl is a WMD Act”.

WMD = Weapon of Mass Destruction

SEC. 2. Treatment of illicit fentanyl as a weapon of mass destruction.

The Assistant Secretary for the Countering Weapons of Mass Destruction Office of the Department of Homeland Security shall treat illicit fentanyl as a weapon of mass destruction for purposes of title XIX of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 590 et seq.).

H.R.830 – To amend the Controlled Substances Act with respect to fentanyl-related substances, and for other purposes.

H.R.1046 – To require the Director of the Bureau of Prisons to develop and implement a strategy to interdict fentanyl and other synthetic drugs in the mail at Federal correctional facilities.

H.R.1100 – To amend the Controlled Substances Act to provide for the regulation of critical parts of tableting machines and encapsulating machines, and for other purposes.

H.R.1142 – To amend the Public Health Service Act to direct the Secretary of Health and Human Services to establish drug adherence guidelines, and for other purposes.

H.R.1231 – To reauthorize and expand the pilot program to help individuals in recovery from a substance use disorder become stably housed, and for other purposes.

H.R.1266 – To prohibit certain uses of xylazine, and for other purposes.

H.R.134 – Protecting our Communities from Sexual Predators Act

To amend the Immigration and Nationality Act to provide for the detention, inadmissibility, and removal of aliens who commit sexual assault.

SEC. 2. Detention of certain aliens who commit sexual assault.

Section 236(c)(1) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1226(c)(1)) is amended—

(1) in subparagraph (C), by striking “, or” and inserting a comma;

(2) in subparagraph (D), by adding “or” at the end; and

(3) by inserting after subparagraph (D) the following:

“(E) (i) is inadmissible under section 212(a)(6)(A) or (C) or under section 212(a)(7); and

“(ii) is charged with, arrested for, convicted of, admits having committed, or admits committing acts which constitute the essential elements of, any offense involving sexual assault (as such term is defined in section 214(d)(3)(A)),”.

SEC. 3. Inadmissilibity and deportability related to sexual assault.

(a) Inadmissibility.— Section 212(a)(2) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1182(a)(2)) is amended by adding at the end the following:

“(J) SEXUAL ASSAULT.—Any alien who has been convicted of, who admits having committed, or who admits committing acts which constitute the essential elements of, any offense involving sexual assault (as such term is defined in section 214(d)(3)(A)), is inadmissible.”.

(b) Deportability.—Section 237(a)(2) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1227(a)(2)) is amended by adding at the end the following:

“(G) SEXUAL ASSAULT.—Any alien who has been convicted of, who admits having committed, or who admits committing acts which constitute the essential elements of, any offense involving sexual assault (as such term is defined in section 214(d)(3)(A)), is deportable.”.

H. R. 175 Deport Alien Gang Members Act

This bill makes non-U.S. nationals (aliens under federal law) associated with criminal gangs inadmissible for entry into the United States and deportable. The bill also establishes procedures to designate groups as criminal gangs.

An individual shall be inadmissible if certain officers or agencies know or have reason to believe that the individual is or was a criminal gang member or has participated or aided such a group’s illegal activities. An individual who is or was a member of such a gang, has participated or aided such a group’s illegal activities, or seeks to enter or has entered the United States in furtherance of such activity shall be deportable.

Such individuals must be subject to mandatory detention. Furthermore, such individuals shall not be eligible for (1) asylum; (2) temporary protected status; (3) special immigrant juvenile visas; or (4) parole, unless they are assisting the government in a law enforcement matter.

The bill defines a criminal gang as a group of five or more persons (1) where one of its primary purposes is committing specified criminal offenses and its members have engaged in a continuing series of such offenses within the past five years, or (2) that has been designated as a criminal gang by the Department of Homeland Security (DHS).

The bill also establishes procedures for DHS to designate a group as a criminal gang, including notifying Congress, publishing a notice in the Federal Register, and providing an opportunity for the group to petition for review of the designation.

To amend the Immigration and Nationality Act with respect to aliens associated with criminal gangs, and for other purposes.

SEC. 2. Grounds of inadmissibility and deportability for alien gang members.

(a) Definition of gang member.—Section 101(a) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101(a)) is amended by adding at the end the following:

“(53) The term ‘criminal gang’ means an ongoing group, club, organization, or association of 5 or more persons that has as 1 of its primary purposes the commission of 1 or more of the offenses described in this paragraph and the members of which engage, or have engaged within the past 5 years, in a continuing series of such offenses, or that has been designated as a criminal gang by the Secretary of Homeland Security, in consultation with the Attorney General, as meeting these criteria. The offenses described, whether committed, in whole or in part, within or outside of the United States and regardless of whether the offenses occurred before, on, or after the date of the enactment of this paragraph, are the following:

“(A) A Federal, State, local, or Tribal offense that is punishable by imprisonment for more than 1 year and relates to a controlled substance (as so classified under the relevant Federal, State, local, or Tribal law), regardless of whether the substance is classified as a controlled substance under section 102 of the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 802).

“(B) A foreign offense that is punishable by imprisonment for more than 1 year and relates to a controlled substance as defined under section 102 of the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 802).

“(C) An offense that is punishable by imprisonment for more than 1 year and involves firearms or explosives (as defined under the relevant Federal, State, local, Tribal, or foreign law) or in violation of section 931 of title 18, United States Code (relating to purchase, ownership, or possession of body armor by violent felons).

“(D) An offense under section 274 (relating to bringing in and harboring certain aliens), section 277 (relating to aiding or assisting certain aliens to enter the United States), or section 278 (relating to importation of alien for immoral purpose).

“(E) A crime of violence (as defined in section 16(a) of title 18, United States Code).

“(F) A crime involving obstruction of justice, tampering with or retaliating against a witness, victim, or informant, or burglary (as such terms are defined under the relevant Federal, State, local, Tribal, or foreign law).

“(G) Any conduct punishable under sections 1028, 1028A, and 1029 of title 18, United States Code (relating to fraud, aggravated identity theft or fraud and related activity in connection with identification documents or access devices), sections 1581 through 1594 of such title (relating to peonage, slavery, and trafficking in persons), section 1951 of such title (relating to interference with commerce by threats or violence), section 1952 of such title (relating to interstate and foreign travel or transportation in aid of racketeering enterprises), section 1956 of such title (relating to the laundering of monetary instruments), section 1957 of such title (relating to engaging in monetary transactions in property derived from specified unlawful activity), or sections 2312 through 2315 of such title (relating to interstate transportation of stolen motor vehicles or stolen property).

“(H) A conspiracy to commit an offense described in subparagraphs (A) through (G).”.

(b) Inadmissibility.—Section 212(a)(2) of such Act (8 U.S.C. 1182(a)(2)) is amended by adding at the end the following:

“(J) ALIENS ASSOCIATED WITH CRIMINAL GANGS.—Any alien is inadmissible who a consular officer, an immigration officer, the Secretary of Homeland Security, or the Attorney General knows, or has reason to believe—

“(i) is, or has been, a member of a criminal gang;

“(ii) has promoted, conspired with, aided, or participated in the activities of a criminal gang, whether within or outside of the United States; or

“(iii) seeks to enter the United States, or has entered the United States, in furtherance of the activities of a criminal gang, whether those activities take place within or outside of the United States.”.

(c) Deportability.—Section 237(a)(2) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1227(a)(2)) is amended by adding at the end the following:

“(G) ALIENS ASSOCIATED WITH CRIMINAL GANGS.—Any alien is deportable who—

“(i) is or has been a member of a criminal gang; or

“(ii) has promoted, conspired with, aided, or participated in the activities of a criminal gang, whether within or outside of the United States.”.

(d) Designation.—

(1) IN GENERAL.—Chapter 2 of title II of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1182) is amended by inserting after section 219 the following:

“Sec. 220. Designation of criminal gang.

(2) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.—The table of contents for such Act is amended by inserting after the item relating to section 219 the following:

“Sec. 220. Designation.”.

(e) Mandatory detention of criminal gang members.—

(1) IN GENERAL.—Section 236(c)(1) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1226(c)(1)) is amended—

(A) in subparagraph (C), by striking “or” at the end;

(B) in subparagraph (D), by inserting “or” at the end; and

(C) by inserting after subparagraph (D) the following:

“(E) is inadmissible under section 212(a)(2)(J) or deportable under section 217(a)(2)(G),”.

(2) ANNUAL REPORT.—Not later than March 1 of each year (beginning 1 year after the date of the enactment of this Act), the Secretary of Homeland Security, after consultation with the appropriate Federal agencies, shall submit a report to the Committees on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives and of the Senate on the number of aliens detained under the amendments made by paragraph (1).

(f) Claims based on gang affiliation.—

(1) INAPPLICABILITY OF RESTRICTION ON REMOVAL TO CERTAIN COUNTRIES.—Section 241(b)(3)(B) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1251(b)(3)(B)) is amended, in the matter preceding clause (i), by inserting “who is described in section 212(a)(2)(J)(i) or section 237(a)(2)(G)(i) or who is” after “to an alien”.

(2) INELIGIBILITY FOR ASYLUM.—Section 208(b)(2)(A) of such Act (8 U.S.C. 1158(b)(2)(A)) (as amended by section 201 of this Act) is further amended—

(A) in clause (v), by striking “or” at the end;

(B) by redesignating clause (vi) as clause (vii); and

(C) by inserting after clause (v) the following:

“(vi) the alien is described in section 212(a)(2)(J)(i) or section 237(a)(2)(G)(i); or”.

(g) Temporary protected status.—Section 244 of such Act (8 U.S.C. 1254a) is amended—

(1) by striking “Attorney General” each place it appears and inserting “Secretary of Homeland Security”;

(2) in subparagraph (c)(2)(B)—

(A) in clause (i), by striking “or” at the end;

(B) in clause (ii), by striking the period and inserting “; or”; and

(C) by adding at the end the following:

“(iii) the alien is, or at any time has been, described in section 212(a)(2)(J) or section 237(a)(2)(G).”; and

(3) in subsection (d)—

(A) by striking paragraph (3); and

(B) in paragraph (4), by adding at the end the following: “The Secretary of Homeland Security may detain an alien provided temporary protected status under this section whenever appropriate under any other provision of law.”.

(h) Special immigrant juvenile visas.—Section 101(a)(27)(J)(iii) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101(a)(27)(J)(iii)) is amended—

(1) in subclause (I), by striking “and”;

(2) in subclause (II), by adding “and” at the end; and

(3) by adding at the end the following:

“(III) no alien who is, or at any time has been, described in section 212(a)(2)(J) or section 237(a)(2)(G) shall be eligible for any immigration benefit under this subparagraph;”.

(i) Parole.—An alien described in section 212(a)(2)(J) of the Immigration and Nationality Act, as added by subsection (b), shall not be eligible for parole under section 212(d)(5)(A) of such Act unless—

(1) the alien is assisting or has assisted the United States Government in a law enforcement matter, including a criminal investigation; and

(2) the alien’s presence in the United States is required by the Government with respect to such assistance.

(j) Ineligibility for other relief.—An alien described in section 212(a)(2)(J) or 237(a)(2)(G) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1182(a)(2)(J) or 1227(a)(2)(G)) shall be ineligible for any other relief under the immigration laws, including under section 2242 of the Omnibus Consolidated and Emergency Supplemental Appropriations Act, 1999 (and any regulations issued pursuant to such section).

(k) Effective date.—The amendments made by this section shall take effect on the date of the enactment of this Act and shall apply to acts that occur before, on, or after the date of the enactment of this Act.

H. R. 190 SEND THEM BACK Act of 2025

Sending Evading Non-Documented Threats Home Especially Migrants Biden Accepted Carelessly and Knowingly Act of 2025 or the SEND THEM BACK Act of 2025

This bill subjects non-U.S. nationals (aliens under federal law) who illegally entered the United States on or after January 20, 2021, to expedited removal (i.e., removal without further hearing or review). This applies even if such an individual indicated an intention to apply for asylum or expressed a fear of persecution. The bill does not apply to an individual serving in the Armed Forces as of January 1, 2025.

To provide for expedited removal of certain illegal aliens.

SEC. 2. Expedited removal of certain illegal aliens.

(a) In general.—Notwithstanding any other provision of law, an alien who entered the United States illegally on or since January 20, 2021, shall be subject to expedited removal, even if such alien indicated an intention to apply for asylum or a fear of persecution.

(b) Exception.—Subsection (a) shall not apply to any alien who is currently a member of the Armed Forces of the United States as of January 1, 2025.

H.R.218 – State Immigration Enforcement Act

To authorize State enforcement of immigration laws, and for other purposes.

SEC. 2. State enforcement of immigration laws.

States, or political subdivisions of States, may enact, implement and enforce criminal penalties that penalize the same conduct that is prohibited in the criminal provisions of immigration laws (as defined in section 101(a)(17) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101(a)(17))), as long as the criminal penalties do not exceed the relevant Federal criminal penalties (without regard to ancillary issues such as the availability of probation or pardon). States, or political subdivisions of States, may enact, implement and enforce civil penalties that penalize the same conduct that is prohibited in the civil provisions of immigration laws (as defined in such section 101(a)(17)), as long as the civil penalties do not exceed the relevant Federal civil penalties.

SEC. 3. Conforming amendment.

Section 274A(h) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1324a(h)) is amended by striking paragraph (2).

1. R. 273 REMAIN in Mexico Act of 2025

This Act may be cited as the “Return Excessive Migrants and Asylees to International Neighbors in Mexico Act of 2025” or the “REMAIN in Mexico Act of 2025”.

SEC. 2. Migrant Protection Protocols.

Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the Secretary of Homeland Security shall implement the Migrant Protection Protocols in accordance with the memorandum of Secretary of Homeland Security Nielsen entitled “Policy Guidance for Implementation of the Migrant Protection Protocols”, dated January 25, 2019.

H.R.275 – Special Interest Alien Reporting Act of 2024

To require the Secretary of Homeland Security to publish on a monthly basis the number of special interest aliens encountered attempting to unlawfully enter the United States, and for other purposes.

SEC. 2. Publication by the Department of Homeland Security of the number of special interest aliens encountered attempting to unlawfully enter the United States.

(a) In general.—Not later than the seventh day of each month, the Secretary of Homeland Security shall publish on a publicly available webpage of the Department of Homeland Security and submit to the Committee on Homeland Security of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs of the Senate a report on the total number, and an identification of the nationalities or countries of last habitual residence, of special interest aliens encountered by the Department attempting to unlawfully enter the United States during the immediately preceding month. Each such report shall also include the following:

(1) Such number disaggregated by geographic regions of such encounters.

(2) Specifications relating to whether such encounters were made at land, air, or sea ports of entry, between ports of entry, or in the interior of the United States.

(3) Identification of any such nationalities or countries of last habitual residence that are covered nations.

(b) Definitions.—In this section:

(1) ALIEN.—The term “alien” has the meaning given such term in section 101 of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101).

(2) COVERED NATION.—The term “covered nation” has the meaning given such term in section 4872(d)(2) of title 10, United States Code.

(3) SPECIAL INTEREST ALIEN.—The term “special interest alien” means an alien who, based on an analysis of travel patterns, potentially poses a national security risk to the United States or its interests.

H.R.355 – Justice for Jocelyn Act

To remove aliens who fail to comply with a release order, to enroll all aliens on the nondetained docket of an immigration court in the Alternatives to Detention program with continuous GPS monitoring, and for other purposes.

SEC. 2. Limitation on participation in alternatives to detention.

No alien may be released as part of any program under the Alternatives to Detention program unless—

(1) all detention beds available to the Secretary have been filled;

(2) there exists no available option to hold aliens in detention; and

(3) the Secretary exercised and exhausted all reasonable efforts to hold aliens in detention.

SEC. 3. Gps tracking and curfew requirements for certain aliens.

Each alien on the Immigration and Customs Enforcement’s nondetained docket shall be enrolled in the Alternatives to Detention program and—

(1) shall be continuously subject to GPS monitoring—

(A) for the duration of all applicable immigration proceedings, including any appeal; and

(B) in the case of an alien who is ordered removed from the United States, until removal; and

(2) shall be required to stay in their Alternatives to Detention-compliant home address between the hours of 10 p.m. to 5 a.m.

SEC. 4. Removal of aliens who fail to comply with release order.

Section 240(b)(5) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1229a(b)(5)) is amended by adding at the end the following:

“(F) FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH RELEASE ORDER.—In the case that an immigration officer submits an affidavit to an immigration judge stating that an alien failed to comply with a condition of release under section 236(a), such alien shall be ordered removed in absentia.”.

SEC. 5. Severability.

If any provision of this Act or the application of such provision to any person or circumstance is held by a Federal court to be unconstitutional, the remainder of this Act and the application of such provisions to any other person or circumstance shall not be affected.

H.R.630 – Neighbors Not Enemies Act

To repeal the Alien Enemies Act, and for other purposes.

SEC. 2. Repeal of Alien Enemies Act.

Sections 4067 through 4070 of the Revised Statutes of the United States (50 U.S.C. 21–24) are repealed.

H.R.875 – To amend the Immigration and Nationality Act to provide that aliens who have been convicted of or who have committed an offense for driving while intoxicated or impaired are inadmissible and deportable.

H.R.924 – To transfer and limit Executive Branch authority to suspend or restrict the entry of a class of aliens.

H.R.1061 – To amend section 287 of the Immigration and Nationality Act to limit immigration enforcement actions at sensitive locations, to clarify the powers of immigration officers at sensitive locations, and for other purposes.

H.R.1088 – To provide for the use of funds for deportation purposes.

H.R.1168 – To direct the Director of the Office of Management and Budget to require the disclosure of violations of Federal law with respect to human trafficking or alien smuggling, and for other purposes.

H.J.Res.54 – Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States providing that the rights protected and extended by the Constitution are the rights of natural persons only.

“ section 1. The rights and privileges protected and extended by the Constitution of the United States are the rights and privileges of natural persons only. An artificial entity, such as a corporation, limited liability company, or other entity, established by the laws of any State, the United States, or any foreign state shall have no rights under the Constitution and are subject to regulation by the People, through Federal, State, or local law. The privileges of an artificial entity shall be determined by the People, through Federal, State, or local law, and shall not be construed to be inherent or inalienable.

“ section 2. Federal, State, and local government shall regulate, limit, or prohibit contributions and expenditures, including a candidate’s own contributions and expenditures, to ensure that all citizens, regardless of their economic status, have access to the political process, and that no person gains, as a result of that person’s money, substantially more access or ability to influence in any way the election of any candidate for public office or any ballot measure. Federal, State, and local governments shall require that any permissible contributions and expenditures be publicly disclosed. The judiciary shall not construe the spending of money to influence elections to be speech under the First Amendment.

“ section 3. This amendment shall not be construed to abridge the right secured by the Constitution of the United States of the freedom of the press.”.

H.Res.68 – Expressing strong disapproval of the President’s announcement to withdraw the United States from the Paris Agreement.

Expressing strong disapproval of the President’s announcement to withdraw the United States from the Paris Agreement.

Whereas 2024 was the hottest year on record;

Whereas the previous 10 years were the 10 hottest years recorded since 1850;

Whereas global climate change is a threat to all Americans’ health, prosperity, and security;

Whereas global climate change is a threat to the United States public health, national economy, national security, and the legacy we will leave to our children;

Whereas, according to the 2023 Fifth National Climate Assessment, “harmful impacts from more frequent and severe extremes are increasing across the country—including increases in heat-related illnesses and death, costlier storm damages, longer droughts that reduce agricultural productivity and strain water systems, and larger, more severe wildfires that threaten homes and degrade air quality”;

Whereas, according to the 2023 Fifth National Climate Assessment, “Extreme events cost the US close to $150 billion each year—a conservative estimate that does not account for loss of life, healthcare-related costs, or damages to ecosystem services”;

Whereas. according to the 2023 Fifth National Climate Assessment, “Billion-dollar weather and climate disasters are events where damages/costs reach or exceed $1 billion, including adjustments for inflation. Between 2018 and 2022, 89 such events affected the US, including 4 droughts, 6 floods, 52 severe storms, 18 tropical cyclones, 5 wildfires, and 4 winter storm events”;

Whereas the most vulnerable among us, including children, the elderly, low-income individuals, and those with underlying health conditions, face even greater health risks as a result of climate change;

Whereas the National Intelligence Council’s 2021 report on climate change stated that “Risks to US national security interests through 2040 will increase as countries respond to the intensifying physical effects of climate change. Global temperatures most likely will surpass the Paris Agreement goal of 1.5°C by around 2030, and the physical effects are projected to continue intensifying”;

Whereas, on May 27, 2021, Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff General Mark Milley, in a statement to the House Appropriations Defense Subcommittee for the Fiscal Year 2022 defense budget request, stated that “Climate change presents a growing threat to U.S. national security interests and defense objectives. The adverse impacts of climate change are already being felt across the Joint Force in terms of increased operational demands, adverse impacts on our installations and new requirements for equipment and formations able to operate in a world defined by climate change and as a contributing factor to regional instability”;

Whereas the Paris Agreement is an international accord that aims to limit the increase in global temperatures to less than two degrees Celsius and urges efforts to limit the increase to one and a half degrees Celsius by 2100 in order to avoid the most disastrous impacts of climate change;

Whereas the Paris Agreement was adopted on December 12, 2015, opened for signature on April 22, 2016, and entered into force on November 4, 2016;

Whereas 195 parties, including the largest emitters of carbon pollution—China, India, and the European Union—have signed the Paris Agreement;

Whereas, on January 20, 2025, President Trump announced his intention to withdraw the United States from the Paris Agreement;

Whereas, during his first term in office on June 1, 2017, President Trump withdrew the United States from the Paris Agreement, and on November 4, 2020, the United States formally withdrew from the Paris Agreement;

Whereas United States withdrawal from the Paris Agreement reneges on our commitment to the global community to fulfill our responsibility as a party to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and as a major emitter of carbon pollution to reduce our emissions;

Whereas the United States exit from the Paris Agreement will cede leadership on clean energy technologies, and the jobs they create, to China and other nations;

Whereas if the United States again withdraws from the Paris Agreement, it will join Iran, Libya, and Yemen as the only nationstates not participating in the agreement;

Whereas President Biden brought the United States back into the Paris Agreement on February 19, 2021;

Whereas, since rejoining the Paris Agreement, the United States passed consequential climate legislation including the Inflation Reduction Act, Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act, and CHIPS and Science Act, which put together have created 406,000 new jobs and $422 billion in private investments as of January 2025 and put the United States on track to achieve approximately 40 percent CO2 emissions reductions, bringing the United States closer to fulfilling its commitment under the Paris Agreement achieving of 50-percent reductions by 2030;

Whereas the United States is rapidly onshoring critical supply chains and encouraging a resurgence of investments in domestic manufacturing for innovative technologies, resulting in the manufacturing sector contribution to United States gross domestic product reaching an all-time high;

Whereas the United States can continue to lead the world in innovation and manufacturing clean energy technologies, creating good-paying jobs, modernizing the energy grid, and growing new companies that will be the titans of a new clean energy economy;

Whereas, according to research published on April 2024 in the European Economic Review, it is estimated that, “Non-participation of the US would eliminate more than a third of the world emissions reduction (31.8% direct effect and 6.4% leakage effect), while a potential non-participation of China lowers the world emission reduction by 24.1% (11.9% direct effect and 12.2% leakage effect). In terms of welfare, the overwhelming majority of countries gain from the implementation of the Paris Agreement and most countries have only very little to gain from unilaterally deciding not to participate”;

Whereas leaders of the world’s religious communities recognize the grave threat to humanity posed by climate change and our moral obligation to protect the Earth and its people publicly have called upon politicians, business leaders, and the faithful to take action to address climate change;

Whereas, on October 10, 2024, the Alliance of CEO Climate Leaders, representing $4 trillion in revenues and 12 million employees, wrote an open letter reiterating the need to enhance collaboration to deliver on the Paris Agreement goals;

Whereas a group of 22 States, including Arizona, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Hawaii, Illinois, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, Washington, Wisconsin, and the territories of Puerto Rico and Guam, have all joined the United States Climate Alliance, a bipartisan group of States committed to upholding the goals of the Paris Agreement;

Whereas, according to data from the 2023 Chicago Council Survey, conducted in September 2023, found that the American public broadly supports United States participation in international agreements, with 68 percent of Americans supporting the Paris Agreement; and

Whereas millions of Americans have made their voices heard in support of the Paris Agreement, and the United States upholding its commitments to the international community to reduce carbon pollution for the benefit of good-paying jobs, families, and the environment now and in future generations: Now, therefore, be it

Resolved, That the House of Representatives—

(1) strongly disapproves of the President’s announcement to withdraw the United States from the Paris Agreement;

(2) commends the group of States, cities, colleges and universities, businesses, investors, and individuals who have publicly expressed their support for the Paris Agreement;

(3) urges the President to reverse his decision and maintain United States participation in the Paris Agreement; and

(4) urges Congress to prioritize the United States global leadership on addressing climate change.

H.Res.94 – Expressing support for the Nation’s local public K-12 schools and condemning any actions that would defund public education or weaken or dismantle the Department of Education.

RESOLUTION

Expressing support for the Nation’s local public K–12 schools and condemning any actions that would defund public education or weaken or dismantle the Department of Education.

Whereas the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 6301 et seq.) defines free public education as education that is “provided at public expense, under public supervision and direction, and without tuition charge” and “provided as elementary or secondary education in the applicable State or to preschool children”;

Whereas publicly funded local K–12 schools serve millions of students and families and provide economic opportunity for all, including in rural and geographically isolated areas;

Whereas, approximately 90 percent of students in the United States in prekindergarten through 12th grade and about 95 percent of students with disabilities attend a public school;

Whereas State and local funding for public K–12 schools varies significantly within States and across the United States, creating additional need among schools in under-resourced communities;

Whereas the role of the Federal Government in public education has historically been to level the playing field by creating equity of opportunity for all students, regardless of their background, ability, or ZIP Code in which they are educated;

Whereas Federal funding plays a critical role in narrowing funding gaps for disadvantaged students, providing integrated and wraparound supports for students and families, helping students meet challenging State academic standards, and increasing the chances of success in education and the workforce;

Whereas 2025 marks the 60th anniversary of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (ESEA) and the 50th anniversary of the Education for All Handicapped Children Act, now known as the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) (20 U.S.C. 1400 et seq.);

Whereas the Department of Education Organization Act (20 U.S.C. 3401 et seq.), enacted in 1979, declares “that the establishment of a Department of Education is in the public interest, will promote the general welfare of the United States, will help ensure that education issues receive proper treatment at the Federal level, and will enable the Federal Government to coordinate its education activities more effectively”;

Whereas the Department of Education serves approximately 100,000 public K–12 schools across the country, which collectively educate more than 49,000,000 students;

Whereas reading and mathematics scores and college degree attainment have substantially increased since the Department of Education was established;

Whereas the Department of Education is also a civil rights agency responsible for protecting students from discrimination and advancing educational equity and its Office for Civil Rights enforces Federal laws prohibiting discrimination and harassment, including investigating record numbers of incidents of discrimination and hate in recent years despite employing only about half of the staff the Office had when it was originally established;

Whereas the Department of Education administers IDEA grants to help public schools serve more than 7,500,000 students with disabilities, a substantial financial commitment that cannot reasonably be assumed by State or local governments, and provides monitoring and oversight to hold States accountable for providing a free appropriate public education for students with disabilities;

Whereas the Department of Education provides supplementary funding through ESEA title I–A grants to more than 51,000 public schools serving concentrated populations of students from low-income families in rural, suburban, and urban communities;

Whereas the Department of Education provides funding through ESEA title IV–F to support full-service community schools, which partner with local stakeholders, parents, and families to provide common sense, locally driven solutions to the challenges students and families face;

Whereas the Department of Education provides vital support to thousands of rural school districts through the Rural Education Achievement program under ESEA title V–B, which funds both the Small, Rural School Achievement grant program and the Rural and Low-Income School grant program;

Whereas the Department of Education directly invests in the quality and effectiveness of nearly 90 percent of teachers and approximately 20 percent of school leaders nationwide through ESEA title II–A professional development grants, ultimately improving retention rates, addressing the nationwide educator shortage, and improving student achievement;

Whereas the Department of Education provides supplementary funding to help more than 5,000,000 English-language learners achieve language proficiency and meet State academic standards through ESEA title III–A grants;

Whereas the Department of Education provides supplementary funding to help tens of thousands of public schools provide well-rounded education, technology support, and school safety measures through ESEA title IV–A, IV–B, and IV–F grants;

Whereas the Department of Education provides grants under ESEA title IV–E to support the work of Statewide Family Engagement Centers, which provide parent education initiatives, family engagement programs, and family-school partnerships;

Whereas the Department of Education supports the education of Indian, Native Hawaiian, and Alaska Native children, consistent with the historic trust responsibility, through ESEA title VI grants;

Whereas the Department of Education provides funds to strengthen and support career and technical education programs for more than 8,200,000 secondary students across the country through title I of the Carl D. Perkins Career and Technical Education Act (20 U.S.C. 2321 et seq.);

Whereas the Department of Education provides necessary oversight so students have access to targeted interventions and services;

Whereas the Department of Education protects students, families, and staff from discrimination based on race, color, or national origin under title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (42 U.S.C. 2000d et seq.), based on sex under title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 (20 U.S.C. 1681 et seq.), and based on disability under section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (29 U.S.C. 794) and the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 12101 et seq.) so all individuals can access equal educational and employment opportunities;

Whereas the Department of Education invests in research to understand and disseminate information about the interventions and practices that are most effective at providing excellent educational opportunities for all students;

Whereas the Department of Education employs the smallest staff of any Department, with the lowest overall staff-to-budget ratio of all 15 Departments;

Whereas dismantling or relocating any major offices within the Department of Education may substantially disrupt program administration and create a delay or loss of vitally important supports for students and funding for public schools across the Nation; and

Whereas, without Federal investment, State and local educational agencies would be forced to enact drastic funding cuts that would disproportionately affect students from rural areas, low-income families, students of color, and students with disabilities, as well as harm American competition in the global economy: Now, therefore, be it

Resolved, That the House of Representatives—

(1) strongly supports Federal investment in public K–12 schools and the students and families served by these schools;

(2) affirms that the Department of Education plays a vital role in the Nation’s system of public education;

(3) affirms that the Federal Government’s investment is important to the success of students in public schools, and investment in public education should not be diverted, including through the use of vouchers, to privately run K–12 schools; and

(4) rejects any claim that the executive branch has the legal authority to, or would serve the Nation by—

(A) dismantling or relocating major offices within the Department of Education;

(B) dismantling or relocating the Department of Education; or

(C) reducing Federal funding for public education, blocking the granting of major Federal grant programs for education, or transferring funding burdens for education to State and local governments.

H.Res.116 – Condemning the pardons for individuals who were found guilty of assaulting Capitol Police Officers.

Condemning the pardons for individuals who were found guilty of assaulting Capitol Police Officers.

Resolved, That the House of Representatives disapproves of any pardons for individuals who were found guilty of assaulting Capitol Police officers.

H.R.407 – Prevent Tariff Abuse Act

SEC. 2. Prohibition on the imposition of import duties and quotas from presidential authorities under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act.

Section 203 of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1702) is amended—

(1) by redesignating subsection (c) as subsection (d); and

(2) by inserting after subsection (b) the following:

“(c) The authority granted to the President by this section does not include the authority to impose duties, tariff-rate quotas, or other quotas on articles entering the United States.”.

H.R.433 – Department of Education Protection Act

To prohibit funds made available to the Department of Education by previous Appropriations Acts from being used for any activity relating to implementing a reorganization of the Department, and for other purposes.

SEC. 2. Findings.

Congress finds the following:

(1) Congress has a fundamental role in shaping and reshaping the Federal agency landscape, including by—

(A) providing oversight;

(B) creating, structuring, and locating offices;

(C) delegating specific or general missions, powers, duties, and functions to offices and officers;

(D) defining the parameters of personnel systems;

(E) confirming the leadership of an agency;

(F) providing funding; and

(G) evaluating whether or not an agency shall continue in existence.

(2) The current organization of the Department of Education is designed to promote student achievement and equal access to education, including through the following offices and institutes of the Department:

(A) Federal Student Aid.

(B) The Institute of Education Sciences.

(C) The Office of the Chief Information Officer.

(D) The Office of Communications and Outreach.

(E) The Office for Civil Rights.

(F) The Office of Career, Technical, and Adult Education.

(G) The Office of the Deputy Secretary.

(H) The Office of English Language Acquisition.

(I) The Office of Elementary and Secondary Education.

(J) The Office of Finance and Operations.

(K) The Office of the General Counsel.

(L) The Office of Inspector General.

(M) The Office of Legislation and Congressional Affairs.

(N) The Office of Postsecondary Education.

(O) The Office of Planning, Evaluation and Policy Development.

(P) The Office of the Secretary.

(Q) The Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services.

(R) The Office of the Under Secretary.

SEC. 3. Prohibiting use of appropriated funds to reorganize Department of Education.

Notwithstanding any other provision of law, none of the funds made available by previous Appropriations Acts to the Department of Education for obligation or expenditure in the current fiscal year may be used for any activity relating to implementing a reorganization of the Department that decentralizes, reduces the staffing level of, or alters the responsibilities, structure, authority, or functionality of the Department, relative to the organization and operation of the Department on January 1, 2025.

H.R.521 – Ending Presidential Overreach on Public Lands Act

To reserve to Congress the authority to establish or extend a national monument.

SEC. 2. National monuments.

Section 320301 of title 54, United States Code (commonly referred to as the “Antiquities Act”), is amended to read as follows:

“§ 320301. National monuments

“The establishment or extension of a national monument may be undertaken only by express authorization of Congress.”.

H.R.738 – Universal Right To Vote by Mail Act of 2025

To amend the Help America Vote Act of 2002 to allow all eligible voters to vote by mail in Federal elections.

SEC. 2. Findings.

Congress finds the following:

(1) An inequity of voting rights exists in the United States because voters in some States have the universal right to vote by mail while voters in other States do not.

(2) Many voters often have work, family, or other commitments that make getting to polls on the date of an election difficult or impossible. Under current State laws, many of these voters are not permitted to vote by mail.

(3) 36 States and the District of Columbia currently allow universal absentee voting (also known as “no-excuse” absentee voting), which permits any voter to request a mail-in ballot without providing a reason for the request, and no State which has implemented no-excuse absentee voting has switched back.

(4) Voting by mail gives voters more time to consider their choices, which is especially important as many ballots contain greater numbers of questions about complex issues than in the past due to the expanded use of the initiative and referendum process in many States.

(5) Allowing all voters the option to vote by mail can lead to increased voter participation.

(6) Allowing all voters the option to vote by mail can reduce waiting times for those voters who choose to vote at the polls.

(7) Voting by mail is preferable to many voters as an alternative to going to the polls. Voting by mail has become increasingly popular with voters who want to be certain that they are able to vote no matter what comes up on Election Day.

(8) No evidence exists suggesting the potential for fraud in absentee balloting is greater than the potential for fraud by any other method of voting.

(9) Many of the reasons which voters in many States are required to provide in order to vote by mail require the revelation of personal information about health, travel plans, or religious activities, which violate voters’ privacy while doing nothing to prevent voter fraud.

(10) State laws which require voters to obtain a notary signature to vote by mail only add cost and inconvenience to voters without increasing security.

SEC. 3. Promoting ability of voters to vote by mail in Federal elections.

(a) In general.—Subtitle A of title III of the Help America Vote Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 21081 et seq.) is amended by inserting after section 303 the following new section:

“SEC. 303A. Promoting ability of voters to vote by mail.

“(a) In General.—If an individual in a State is eligible to cast a vote in an election for Federal office, the State may not impose any additional conditions or requirements on the eligibility of the individual to cast the vote in such election by mail, except to the extent that the State imposes a deadline for requesting the ballot and related voting materials from the appropriate State or local election official and for returning the ballot to the appropriate State or local election official.

“(b) Notice and opportunity To cure discrepancy or defect.—

“(1) NOTICE AND OPPORTUNITY TO CURE DISCREPANCY IN SIGNATURES.—If an individual submits a mail-in ballot or an absentee ballot and the appropriate State or local election official determines that a discrepancy exists between the signature on such ballot and the signature of such individual on the official list of registered voters in the State or other official record or document used by the State to verify the signatures of voters, such election official, prior to making a final determination as to the validity of such ballot, shall—

“(A) as soon as practical, but not later than the next business day after such determination is made, make a good faith effort to notify the individual by mail, telephone, and (if available) text message and electronic mail that—

“(i) a discrepancy exists between the signature on such ballot and the signature of the individual on the official list of registered voters in the State or other official record or document used by the State to verify the signatures of voters; and

“(ii) if such discrepancy is not cured prior to the expiration of the third day following the State’s deadline for receiving mail-in ballots or absentee ballots, such ballot will not be counted; and

“(B) cure such discrepancy and count the ballot if, prior to the expiration of the third day following the State’s deadline for receiving mail-in ballots or absentee ballots, the individual provides the official with information to cure such discrepancy, either in person, by telephone, or by electronic methods.

“(2) NOTICE AND OPPORTUNITY TO CURE MISSING SIGNATURE OR OTHER DEFECT.—If an individual submits a mail-in ballot or an absentee ballot without a signature or submits a mail-in ballot or an absentee ballot with another defect which, if left uncured, would cause the ballot to not be counted, the appropriate State or local election official, prior to making a final determination as to the validity of the ballot, shall—

“(A) as soon as practical, but not later than the next business day after such determination is made, make a good faith effort to notify the individual by mail, telephone, and (if available) text message and electronic mail that—

“(i) the ballot did not include a signature or has some other defect; and

“(ii) if the individual does not provide the missing signature or cure the other defect prior to the expiration of the third day following the State’s deadline for receiving mail-in ballots or absentee ballots, such ballot will not be counted; and

“(B) count the ballot if, prior to the expiration of the third day following the State’s deadline for receiving mail-in ballots or absentee ballots, the individual provides the official with the missing signature on a form proscribed by the State or cures the other defect.

This paragraph does not apply with respect to a defect consisting of the failure of a ballot to meet the applicable deadline for the acceptance of the ballot under State law.

“(c) Rule of Construction.—Nothing in this section shall be construed to affect the authority of States to conduct elections for Federal office through the use of polling places at which individuals cast ballots on the date of the election.

“(d) Effective Date.—A State shall be required to comply with the requirements of this section with respect to elections for Federal office held in years beginning with 2026.”.

(b) Conforming amendment relating to enforcement.—Section 401 of such Act (52 U.S.C. 21111) is amended by striking “and 304” and inserting “303A, and 304”.

(c) Clerical amendment.—The table of contents for such Act is amended by inserting after the item relating to section 303 the following new item:

“Sec. 303A. Promoting ability of voters to vote by mail.”.

H.R.1101 – To prohibit unlawful access to the payment system of the Bureau of the Fiscal Service within the Department of the Treasury, and for other purposes.